The solid phase synthesis of seven 2-O-methyl- and 2-O-ethyl-tyrosine substituted analogs of [8-arginine]vasopressin (AVP) with enhanced antidiuretic agonistic specificity is reported. These peptides are: [2-O-ethyltyrosine, 8-arginine]vasopressin (I), [2-O-methyltyrosine, 8-D-arginine]vasopressin (II), [2-O-ethyltyrosine, 8-D-arginine]vasopressin (III), [2-O-methyltyrosine, 4-valine, 8-arginine]vasopressin (IV), [2-O-ethyltyrosine, 4-valine, 8-arginine]vasopressin (V), [2-O-methyltyrosine, 4-valine, 8-D-arginine]vasopressin (VI), [2-O-ethyltyrosine, 4-valine, 8-D-arginine]vasopressin (VII). All analogs were tested for antidiuretic, antivasopressor and antioxytocic activities. Although all these new analogs are antidiuretic agonists they are antagonists of vasopressor responses to AVP, and of responses by the rat uterus to oxytocin. Thus, all seven new Tyr(Me) and Tyr(Et) containing analogs exhibit high antidiuretic specificity and have infinite antidiuretic/pressor (A/P) and antidiuretic/oxytocic (A/O) activity ratios. Some of these analogs e.g. Tyr(Me)DAVP, Tyr(Me)VAVP and Tyr(Me)VDAVP, which possess high antidiuretic activity with no pressor or oxytocic agonism, could be useful new pharmacological tools for characterizing receptors mediating specific responses to the neurohypophyseal hormones. They could also be potentially useful in the treatment of diabetes insipidus.
Solid-phase synthesis of 5′-O-β,γ-methylenetriphosphate derivatives of nucleosides and evaluation of their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 reverse transcriptase