O-87 The role of CLEVER-1 in breast tumour metastasis

AbstractTumour metastasis is responsible for more than 90% of tumour-associated mortality. About one third of breast cancer patients in the early stage develop metastases. The transformation in tumour development referred to as the “metastatic cascade” or “metastatic cycle” is a complex and multi-stage event. While it is generally recognised that epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) plays a crucial role in cancer progression and metastasis, the metabolic events in this process have received little attention to date. We would therefore like to provide a brief overview here of the influence of the metabolism on the progression and metastasis of tumours.

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Role of breast tumour kinase in the in vitro differentiation of HaCaT cells

British Journal of Dermatology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06604.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 153 (2) ◽

pp. 282-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

T.C. Wang ◽

S.H. Jee ◽

T.F. Tsai ◽

Y.L. Huang ◽

W.L. Tsai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Tumour ◽

Hacat Cells ◽

In Vitro Differentiation

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HIF-1α Is a Rational Target for Future Ovarian Cancer Therapies

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.785111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Wang ◽

Zhen-wu Du ◽

Tian-min Xu ◽

Xiao-jun Wang ◽

Wei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Malignant Cell ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Cancer Therapies ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Potential Therapeutic Target ◽

Tumour Metastasis ◽

Novel Drugs

Ovarian cancer is the eighth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Even with the development of novel drugs, nearly one-half of the patients with ovarian cancer die within five years of diagnosis. These situations indicate the need for novel therapeutic agents for ovarian cancer. Increasing evidence has shown that hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) plays an important role in promoting malignant cell chemoresistance, tumour metastasis, angiogenesis, immunosuppression and intercellular interactions. The unique microenvironment, crosstalk and/or interaction between cells and other characteristics of ovarian cancer can influence therapeutic efficiency or promote the disease progression. Inhibition of the expression or activity of HIF-1α can directly or indirectly enhance the therapeutic responsiveness of tumour cells. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider HIF-1α as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. In this paper, we summarize the latest research on the role of HIF-1α and molecules which can inhibit HIF-1α expression directly or indirectly in ovarian cancer, and drug clinical trials about the HIF-1α inhibitors in ovarian cancer or other solid malignant tumours.

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Role of miRNAs in Melanoma Metastasis

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers11030326 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 326 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Anna Gajos-Michniewicz ◽

Malgorzata Czyz

Keyword(s):

Target Genes ◽

Selective Advantage ◽

Tumour Microenvironment ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Melanoma Metastasis ◽

Liquid Biopsies ◽

Tumour Metastasis ◽

Multistep Process ◽

Ecm Extracellular Matrix

Tumour metastasis is a multistep process. Melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer and metastasis accounts for the majority of patient deaths. microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that affect the expression of their target genes. When aberrantly expressed they contribute to the development of melanoma. While miRNAs can act locally in the cell where they are synthesized, they can also influence the phenotype of neighboring melanoma cells or execute their function in the direct tumour microenvironment by modulating ECM (extracellular matrix) and the activity of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells. miRNAs are involved in all stages of melanoma metastasis, including intravasation into the lumina of vessels, survival during circulation in cardiovascular or lymphatic systems, extravasation, and formation of the pre-metastatic niche in distant organs. miRNAs contribute to metabolic alterations that provide a selective advantage during melanoma progression. They play an important role in the development of drug resistance, including resistance to targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Distinct profiles of miRNA expression are detected at each step of melanoma development. Since miRNAs can be detected in liquid biopsies, they are considered biomarkers of early disease stages or response to treatment. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the role of miRNAs in melanoma metastasis.

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Role of the radiologist during neoadjuvant systemic therapy for breast cancer

10.33699/pis.2021.100.6.285-294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (6) ◽

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Case Reports ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Breast Tumour ◽

Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Oncological Treatment ◽

Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy ◽

Local Staging

Introduction: Neoadjuvant therapy (NT) is one of the possible oncological treatment strategies for breast cancer. Its aim is to achieve down-staging of the tumour in the breast and axilla and thus the possibility of converting mastectomy to a breast-conserving procedure, and also to allow for a less burdensome and more targeted operation of the axillary lymph nodes. The role of the radiologist is to utilise imaging procedures for precise local staging of the malignancy prior to NT, to evaluate the effect of treatment during its course and upon its completion, and to perform restaging of the cancer in the breast and axilla. Case reports: The authors present three case reports of female patients with breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT). They describe the diagnostic procedure and imaging methods used to establish local staging of the cancer prior to treatment, to monitor the disease during the course of treatment, and to perform restaging of the cancer after completing NCT. The radiological response after NCT completion was correlated with the pathological response. Conclusion: Correct determination of the extent of the cancer in the breast and axilla by the radiologist before NT and precise histological analysis of the tumour by the pathologist are fundamental for selecting the appropriate treatment for patients at the multidisciplinary breast tumour board.

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Platelets — From Function to Dysfunction in Essential Thrombocythaemia

European Oncology & Haematology ◽

10.17925/eoh.2011.07.02.125 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Robert K Andrews ◽

Michael C Berndt ◽

Ismael Elalamy ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Injury ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Thrombus Formation ◽

Blood Clot ◽

Biological Role ◽

Essential Thrombocythaemia ◽

General Review ◽

Tumour Metastasis ◽

Increased Risk

Platelets are an important component of blood. The main biological role of platelets is to respond to vascular injury and promote thrombus formation to prevent bleeding. However, we now know that platelets also have additional functions in a variety of processes such as immunity, inflammation, coagulation, atherogenesis and tumour metastasis. Platelet disorders commonly lead to defects in haemostasis. Of particular interest is the myeloid proliferative disorder, essential thrombocythaemia (ET). In ET the increased number of platelets leads to an increased risk of blood clot formation and subsequent thrombohaemorrhagic complications. Here we provide a general review of platelet function and activation, as well as more detailed information on the dysfunction of platelets in patients with ET.

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Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the role of platelets in infection

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th14-05-0455 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 112 (10) ◽

pp. 659-665 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Robert Andrews ◽

Jane Arthur ◽

Elizabeth Gardiner

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Platelet Function ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽

Nuclear Material ◽

Extracellular Traps ◽

Tumour Metastasis ◽

Activated Neutrophils ◽

Infection And Inflammation

SummaryIn addition to playing a central role in normal haemostasis, platelets make important contributions to host inflammatory and immune responses to injury or infection. Under pathophysiological conditions where platelet function is not tightly controlled, platelets also play critical roles in pathogenic processes underlying cardiovascular disease, uncontrolled inflammation, coagulopathy and in tumour metastasis. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are webs of histone-modified nuclear material extruded from activated neutrophils during inflammatory responses and these degranulation events can be directly triggered by platelet/neutrophil engagement. Emerging research describes how NETs influence platelet function, particularly in the setting of infection and inflammation. Especially intriguing is the potential for platelet-driven coagulation to be modulated by NETs in plasma and interstitial spaces. These findings also reveal new perspectives related to improved therapy for venous thrombosis.

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