B206 Characterization of Cancer Stem Cells in Multiple Myeloma

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. S112
Author(s):  
E Sanchez ◽  
JR Berenson ◽  
H Chen ◽  
M Li ◽  
CS Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells

scholarly journals Targeting Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells with Natural Products – Lessons from Other Hematological Malignancies

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (09) ◽  
pp. 752-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Issa ◽  
Sylvian Cretton ◽  
Muriel Cuendet
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach

AbstractMultiple myeloma is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Multiple myeloma is the second most frequently diagnosed hematological malignancy, predominantly affecting the elderly. Despite recent advances in the development of novel therapies, multiple myeloma remains an incurable malignancy where the majority of patients relapse, develop resistance, and eventually die from the disease. This has been attributed to the fact that conventional therapy currently in use targets mainly the bulk of tumor cells, but not the tumor-initiating cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells are a highly resistant subpopulation of cells believed to be responsible for the initiation, progression, metastasis, and relapse of cancer. Enormous efforts have been invested in the characterization of cancer stem cells. These efforts led to the characterization of key cellular signaling pathways responsible for conferring stem cell characteristics including self-renewal, differentiation, migratory, survival, and intracellular detoxification capabilities. Targeting these protective mechanisms offers a valuable strategy that may help combat a major driving force behind cancers. The use of natural products offers a promising therapeutic approach for targeting cancer stem cells. In this review, recent advances achieved in the characterization of cancer stem cells derived from hematological malignancies, with a particular focus on multiple myeloma, are discussed and major natural products that target cancer stem cells are presented. As natural products remain an essential source of novel chemical structures and medicinal leads, the exploitation of this immense reservoir is used to draw lessons in targeting multiple myeloma-cancer stem cells.

Cytometric Profiling of CD133+ Cells in Human Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines Identifies a Common core Phenotype and Cell Type-specific Mosaics

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marica Gemei ◽  
Rosa Di Noto ◽  
Peppino Mirabelli ◽  
Luigi Del Vecchio
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Colon Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Carcinoma Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Type Specific

In colorectal cancer, CD133+ cells from fresh biopsies proved to be more tumorigenic than their CD133– counterparts. Nevertheless, the function of CD133 protein in tumorigenic cells seems only marginal. Moreover, CD133 expression alone is insufficient to isolate true cancer stem cells, since only 1 out of 262 CD133+ cells actually displays stem-cell capacity. Thus, new markers for colorectal cancer stem cells are needed. Here, we show the extensive characterization of CD133+ cells in 5 different colon carcinoma continuous cell lines (HT29, HCT116, Caco2, GEO and LS174T), each representing a different maturation level of colorectal cancer cells. Markers associated with stemness, tumorigenesis and metastatic potential were selected. We identified 6 molecules consistently present on CD133+ cells: CD9, CD29, CD49b, CD59, CD151, and CD326. By contrast, CD24, CD26, CD54, CD66c, CD81, CD90, CD99, CD112, CD164, CD166, and CD200 showed a discontinuous behavior, which led us to identify cell type-specific surface antigen mosaics. Finally, some antigens, e.g. CD227, indicated the possibility of classifying the CD133+ cells into 2 subsets likely exhibiting specific features. This study reports, for the first time, an extended characterization of the CD133+ cells in colon carcinoma cell lines and provides a “dictionary” of antigens to be used in colorectal cancer research.

206 Identification and Whole Transcriptome Characterization of Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-50-S-51
Author(s):  
Christina Vorvis ◽  
George A. Poultsides ◽  
Jeffrey A. Norton ◽  
Maria Hatziapostolou ◽  
Dimitrios Iliopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Whole Transcriptome ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells

scholarly journals Identification of leukemic and pre-leukemic stem cells by clonal tracking from single-cell transcriptomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Velten ◽  
Benjamin A. Story ◽  
Pablo Hernández-Malmierca ◽  
Simon Raffel ◽  
Daniel R. Leonce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Leukemic Stem Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Mutational Status

AbstractCancer stem cells drive disease progression and relapse in many types of cancer. Despite this, a thorough characterization of these cells remains elusive and with it the ability to eradicate cancer at its source. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), leukemic stem cells (LSCs) underlie mortality but are difficult to isolate due to their low abundance and high similarity to healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here, we demonstrate that LSCs, HSCs, and pre-leukemic stem cells can be identified and molecularly profiled by combining single-cell transcriptomics with lineage tracing using both nuclear and mitochondrial somatic variants. While mutational status discriminates between healthy and cancerous cells, gene expression distinguishes stem cells and progenitor cell populations. Our approach enables the identification of LSC-specific gene expression programs and the characterization of differentiation blocks induced by leukemic mutations. Taken together, we demonstrate the power of single-cell multi-omic approaches in characterizing cancer stem cells.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of MicroRNA-19b Promotes Proliferation of Cancer Stem Cells by Regulating the TSC1/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Multiple Myeloma

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1804-1814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Liang ◽  
Weijian Yu ◽  
Shihang Zhou ◽  
Meiyun  Fang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Background/Aims: MiR-19b has been reported to be involved in several malignancies, but its role in multiple myeloma (MM) is still unknown. The objective of this study was to explore the biological mechanism of miR-19b in the progression of MM. Methods: First, we performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot to study the expression of miR-19b, tuberous sclerosis 1 (TSC1), and caspase-3 in different groups. MTT assay was performed to explore the effect of miR-19b on survival and apoptosis of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Computation analysis and luciferase assay were utilized to confirm the interaction between miR-19b and TSC1. Results: A total of 38 participants comprising 20 subjects with MM and 18 healthy subjects as normal controls were enrolled in our study. Real-time PCR showed dramatic upregulation of miR-19b, but TSC1 was evidently suppressed in the MM group. MiR-19b overexpression substantially promoted clonogenicity and cell viability, and further inhibited apoptosis of CSCs in vitro. Furthermore, miR-19b overexpression downregulated the expression of caspase-3, which induced apoptosis. Using in silico analysis, we identified that TSC1 might be a direct downstream target of miR-19b, and this was further confirmed by luciferase assay showing that miR-19b apparently reduced the luciferase activity of wild-type TSC1 3´-UTR, but not that of mutant TSC1 3´-UTR. There was also evident decrease in TSC1 mRNA and protein in CSCs following introduction of miR-19b. Interestingly, reintroduction of TSC1 abolished the miR-19b-induced proliferation promotion and apoptosis inhibition in CSCs. Conclusion: These findings collectively suggest that miR-19b promotes cell survival and suppresses apoptosis of MM CSCs via targeting TSC1 directly, indicating that miR-19b may serve as a potential and novel therapeutic target of MM based on miRNA expression.

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