scholarly journals 63 Time to recurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of first-time detected Achromobacter xylosoxidans in respiratory tract specimens from patients with cystic fibrosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. S72
Author(s):  
M. Wang ◽  
W. Ridderberg ◽  
C.R. Hansen ◽  
N. Høiby ◽  
S. Jensen-Fangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Time To Recurrence ◽  
First Time

scholarly journals Achromobacter xylosoxidans is the predominant Achromobacter species isolated from diverse non-respiratory samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (16) ◽  
pp. 3527-3530 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. AMOUREUX ◽  
J. BADOR ◽  
T. VERRIER ◽  
H. MJAHED ◽  
C. DE CURRAIZE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Clinical Site ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYAchromobacter spp. are emerging opportunistic Gram-negative rods responsible for diverse nosocomial or community-acquired infections. We describe, for the first time, the distribution of Achromobacter spp., defined by nrdA gene sequencing, and their antimicrobial susceptibility in a variety of non-respiratory samples recovered from hospitalized patients from 2010 to 2015. Of the 63 isolates studied, A. xylosoxidans was the most prevalent (41 isolates), and with the exception of A. insuavis (four isolates), the remaining 10 species identified were represented by one or two isolates only. All isolates were uniformly susceptible to piperacillin and piperacillin-tazobactam and 97% to meropenem, but 76% showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. This study confirms the diversity of Achromobacter spp. in non-cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates and the predominance of A. xylosoxidans, as previously reported for CF sputum isolates. There was no apparent link between the clinical site of infection and the species of Achromobacter.

scholarly journals Chronic Airway Colonization byAchromobacter xylosoxidansin Cystic Fibrosis Patients Is Not Sustained by Their Domestic Environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Dupont ◽  
Estelle Jumas-Bilak ◽  
Clara Doisy ◽  
Fabien Aujoulat ◽  
Raphaël Chiron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Domestic Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domestic Environments ◽  
Airway Colonization

ABSTRACTAchromobacterspp. are nonfermentative Gram-negative bacilli considered emergent pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF). Although some cross-transmission events between CF patients have been described,Achromobacterstrains were mostly patient specific, suggesting sporadic acquisitions from nonhuman reservoirs. However, sources of these emergent CF pathogens remain unknown. A large collection of specimens (n= 273) was sampled in the homes of 3 CF patients chronically colonized byAchromobacter xylosoxidanswith the aim of evaluating the potential role of domestic reservoirs in sustaining airway colonization of the patients. Samples were screened for the presence ofAchromobacterby using genus-specific molecular detection. Species identification, multilocus genotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns observed for environmental isolates were compared with those of clinical strains. Patient homes hosted a high diversity ofAchromobacterspecies (n= 7), includingAchromobacter mucicolensandA. animicus, two species previously isolated from human samples only, and genotypes (n= 15), all showing an overall susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.Achromobacterstrains were mostly isolated from indoor moist environments and siphons, which are potential reservoirs for several CF emerging pathogens.A. xylosoxidans, the worldwide prevalent species colonizing CF patients, was not the majorAchromobacterspecies inhabiting domestic environments.A. xylosoxidansgenotypes chronically colonizing the patients were not detected in their household environments. These results support the notions that the domestic environment could not be incriminated in sustained patient colonization and that after initial colonization, the environmental survival ofA. xylosoxidansclones adapted to the CF airways is probably impaired.IMPORTANCEAchromobacterspp. are worldwide emerging opportunistic pathogens in CF patients, able to chronically colonize the respiratory tract. Apart from regular consultations at the hospital CF center, patients spend most of their time at home. Colonization from nonhuman sources has been suggested, but the presence ofAchromobacterspp. in CF patients' homes has not been explored. The domestic environments of CF patients chronically colonized byAchromobacter, especially wet environments, host several opportunistic pathogens, including a large diversity ofAchromobacterspecies and genotypes. However,Achromobactergenotypes colonizing the patients were not detected in their domestic environments, making it unlikely that a shuttle between environment and CF airways is involved in persisting colonization. This also suggests that once the bacteria have adapted to the respiratory tract, their survival in the domestic environment is presumably impaired. Nevertheless, measures for reducing domestic patient exposure should be targeted on evacuation drains, which are frequently contaminated by CF opportunistic pathogens.

scholarly journals Comparison of respiratory pathogen colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility in people with cystic fibrosis versus non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salony Verma ◽  
Joseph L Mathew ◽  
Pallab Ray
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Forest Plot ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern

Abstract Background Both cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are characterized by permanent bronchial dilation, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and development of chronic infections. Although the core airway microbiota in both CF and non-CF bronchiectasis may be similar, particular satellite microbes are associated with specific conditions. Moreover, there are several factors, which may be responsible for the disparity in antibiotic susceptibility profile between the CF and non-CF populations. Hence comparing the microbiota and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in CF bronchiectasis with non-CF bronchiectasis would aid in improved management of both the conditions. Methods Two authors will independently search the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE for studies reporting bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract determined by examination of any respiratory tract specimen, by conventional bacterial culture or specialized techniques; and/or antimicrobial susceptibility testing in adults and children diagnosed with bronchiectasis in either CF subjects or non-CF subjects. The authors will independently assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). We will present the data with descriptive statistics and provide pooled estimates of outcome parameters, wherever it is feasible to perform meta-analysis using a random effects model. Heterogeneity in studies will be explored by visual inspection of forest plot as well as using the Higgins and Thompson I2 method. We will contact the corresponding authors of studies where data is/are missing and try to obtain the missing data. Discussion To date, there are no locally applicable evidence-based guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of non-CF bronchiectasis patients. In general, treatment in non-CF bronchiectasis is based on extrapolation of clinical trials done in subjects with CF bronchiectasis. An insight into the microbiota and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns against specific organisms in both the conditions would facilitate appropriate rather than empiric therapy, and hopefully reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance created by rampant usage of antibiotics. Therefore, this systematic review is being undertaken to compare the respiratory tract colonization and antibacterial susceptibility pattern in people with cystic fibrosis versus non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Systematic review registration: The protocol was submitted for publication in PROSPERO on June 26, 2020 (PROSPERO ID: 193859).

scholarly journals Achromobacter xylosoxidans respiratory tract infection in cystic fibrosis patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 973-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lambiase ◽  
M. R. Catania ◽  
M. del Pezzo ◽  
F. Rossano ◽  
V. Terlizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans

scholarly journals Comparison of respiratory pathogen colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility in people with cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis versus non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a protocol for a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salony Verma ◽  
Joseph L. Mathew ◽  
Pallab Ray
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Both cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are characterized by permanent bronchial dilation, impaired mucociliary clearance, and development of chronic colonization and infection. Although the major airway microbiota in both CF and non-CF bronchiectasis may be similar, there are some differences in clinical and microbiologic features. There may also be differences in antibiotic susceptibility patterns between the CF and non-CF populations. Therefore, analysis and comparison of the microbiota and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in CF bronchiectasis versus non-CF bronchiectasis would help to improve the management of both conditions. Methods Two authors will independently search the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and LIVIVO, for studies reporting bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract in adults and children diagnosed with bronchiectasis in either CF or non-CF. We will include studies examining any respiratory tract specimen, using conventional bacterial culture or other specialized techniques such as molecular methods. We will also examine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in people with CF bronchiectasis versus non-CF bronchiectasis. The authors will independently assess the risk of bias in each included study using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). We will present the data with descriptive statistics and provide pooled estimates of outcomes, wherever it is feasible to perform meta-analysis. Heterogeneity in studies will be explored by visual inspection of forest plots as well as using the Higgins and Thompson I2 method. We will contact the corresponding authors of studies where data is/are missing and try to obtain the missing data. We will undertake sensitivity analysis to explore the impact of study quality and subgroup analysis based on pre-set criteria. We will prepare a summary of findings’ table and assess the confidence in the evidence using the GRADE methodology. Discussion To date, there are no locally applicable evidence-based guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of non-CF bronchiectasis patients. In general, treatment is based on extrapolation of evidence in people with CF bronchiectasis. An insight into the microbiota and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the two conditions would facilitate appropriate rather than empiric antimicrobial therapy and hopefully reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance created by rampant usage of antibiotics. Systematic review registration The protocol has been registered in PROSPERO on July 26, 2020 (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020193859).

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Achromobacter xylosoxidans Myophage Mano

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariah Bartz ◽  
Guichun Yao ◽  
Tram Le ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Ben Burrowes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT Achromobacter spp. are ubiquitous Gram-negative bacteria, some of which can cause respiratory tract infections in patients with autoimmune disorders and cystic fibrosis. Bacteriophages have therapeutic and biotechnological potential to combat Achromobacter sp. infections. This announcement details the 42.5-kb genome sequence of the temperate Achromobacter xylosoxidans myophage Mano.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Surveillance and Combination Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Multidrug-Resistant Achromobacter Species from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma N. Okoliegbe ◽  
Karolin Hijazi ◽  
Kim Cooper ◽  
Corinne Ironside ◽  
Ian M. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antimicrobial Combinations

ABSTRACT Achromobacter spp. are recognized as emerging pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Though recent works have established species-level identification using nrdA sequencing, there is a dearth in knowledge relating to species-level antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial combinations, which hampers the use of optimal antimicrobial combinations for the treatment of chronic infections. The aims of this study were to (i) identify at species-level referred Achromobacter isolates, (ii) describe species-level antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and (iii) determine the most promising antimicrobial combination for chronic Achromobacter infections. A total of 112 multidrug-resistant (MDR) Achromobacter species isolates from 39 patients were identified using nrdA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility and combination testing were carried out using the Etest method. We detected six species of Achromobacter and found that Achromobacter xylosoxidans was the most prevalent species. Interestingly, sequence analysis showed it was responsible for persistent infection (18/28 patients), followed by Achromobacter ruhlandii (2/3 patients). Piperacillin-tazobactam (70.27%) and co-trimoxazole (69.72%) were the most active antimicrobials. Differences were observed in species-level susceptibility to ceftazidime, carbapenems, ticarcillin-clavulanate, and tetracycline. Antimicrobial combinations with co-trimoxazole or tobramycin demonstrate the best synergy, while co-trimoxazole gave the best susceptibility breakpoint index values. This study enriches the understanding of MDR Achromobacter spp. epidemiology and confirms prevalence and chronic colonization of A. xylosoxidans in CF lungs. It presents in vitro data to support the efficacy of new combinations for use in the treatment of chronic Achromobacter infections.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae in the Respiratory Tracts of Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieke V. M. Möller ◽  
Annette G. Regelink ◽  
Henny Grasselier ◽  
Loek van Alphen ◽  
Jacob Dankert
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Disk Diffusion Testing ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

ABSTRACT We analyzed the antimicrobial susceptibilities of Haemophilus influenzae isolates from 157 sputum specimens prospectively collected from 39 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients during a 2-year study. These isolates were characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and major outer membrane protein (MOMP) analysis to identify H. influenzae strains and MOMP variants and to assess their persistence in the respiratory tract. Among the 247H. influenzae isolates, 16 (6.5%) produced β-lactamase. The 231 β-lactamase-negative isolates represented 85H. influenzae strains, 61 MOMP variants derived from 27 of these strains, and 85 persistent isolates identical to strains or MOMP variants. All β-lactamase-negative isolates were tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefaclor, imipenem, tetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by disk diffusion testing. Eleven (13%)H. influenzae strains, 18 (30%) MOMP variants, and 30 (35%) persistent isolates were resistant to one or more of the antibiotics tested. Antimicrobial susceptibility was decreased among MOMP variants and persistent isolates compared to nonpersistentH. influenzae strains, and changes in susceptibility occurred irrespective of MOMP variation. We conclude that the decreased antimicrobial susceptibility of H. influenzae during persistence contributes to the poor eradication of H. influenzae from the respiratory tracts of CF patients.

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