The Rise of China, Inc.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaomin Li
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Business Practitioners ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Aid Policy ◽  
Party State

Leveraging its absolute power, low human rights advantage, and tolerance by other countries, the Chinese Communist Party has transformed China into a giant corporation. Living and working is not a right, but a privilege granted by the party. State-owned firms are business units or subsidiaries, private firms are joint ventures, and foreign firms are franchisees of the party. 'China, Inc.' enjoys the agility of a firm and the vast resources of a state. Meanwhile, foreign firms competing with Chinese firms can find themselves matched against the mighty Chinese state. The Rise of China, Inc. will interest many readers: it will compel business scholars to rethink state-firm relationships; assist multinational business practitioners in formulating effective strategies; aid policy-makers in countering China's expansion; and inform the public of the massive corporate organisation China has become, and how democracies can effectively deal with it.

The rise of China in Kenya’s foreign relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 601-614
Author(s):  
Samuel M. Makinda
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Diplomatic History ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Rise Of China

In the past few decades, Kenya has benefitted considerably from its improved relations with China. Chinese investments in infrastructure, education, and ICT have opened up greater opportunities for development. Moreover, the availability of diverse and affordable goods has enabled many Kenyans to engage in more commercial activities. This economics-driven diplomacy has been shaped by Kenyan and Chinese political leaders, shifts in the structure of the international system after the Cold War, and the evolving interests of both countries. However, Kenya’s diplomacy is based on a weak knowledge base, as few Kenyan policy makers speak Mandarin and understand China’s diplomatic history. Moreover, China’s investment patterns, which differ from those of Kenya’s traditional Western partners, could negatively impact on Kenya’s commercial domination of eastern Africa. Thus, while Kenya–China relations have promoted some of Kenya’s policy objectives, they also contain the potential to undermine some of Kenya’s other long-range goals.

The Political Economy of Peaceful Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars S. Skålnes
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Economic Interdependence ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Open World ◽  
Economic Statecraft ◽  
Globalized Economy ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Emerging Powers ◽  
The Rise Of China

This chapter discusses the role of economic interdependence and economic statecraft in promoting peaceful change. The rise of China and other emerging powers has rekindled interest among policy makers and scholars alike in the role foreign economic policies can play as strategic instruments. Trade wars, the emerging discipline of geoeconomics, and the new interdependence approach are examples of the increased attention being paid to asymmetric interdependence and economic discrimination. The use of such instruments, however, takes place in a globalized economy that is still characterized by high levels of economic interdependence. Several aspects of the modern globalized economy tend to promote an open world economy, higher trade, and peaceful relations such as intra-industry trade and globalized value chains. Preferential trade agreements and particularly regional trade agreements have more ambiguous effects, as they tend to be discriminatory and as such have the potential to increase international tension.

scholarly journals More than Meets the Eye: Understanding Perceptions of China Beyond the Favorable–Unfavorable Dichotomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Perceptions ◽  
International Leadership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Specific Policy ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Feeling Thermometer ◽  
Trade And Investment

AbstractHow is China viewed by citizens of other countries? Popular polling data based on the feeling thermometer scale can reveal overall patterns of public sentiment toward China, but they do not necessarily capture the multidimensional preferences of the public. This article takes a deeper dive into a series of surveys conducted in Canada that covered a wide range of topics, from trade and investment to international leadership. Two broad conclusions follow. First, public perceptions of China are much more nuanced and conflicted than can be quickly gleaned from the simple dichotomy of “favorable versus unfavorable,” especially as one moves from overall impressions to more specific policy issues. Second, misperceptions of China are widespread and may be difficult to overcome, especially among those who already view China negatively. At a time when countries around the world are grappling with the rise of China and its expanding global footprint, failure to account for these features in public opinion about China may lead to misguided policies.

Institutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-232
Author(s):  
Congyan Cai
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The One ◽  
The Rise Of China

This chapter examines how China engages with international institutions and how China organizes its national institutions to enhance its rise. On the one hand, this chapter finds the typology of the Chinese approach to international institutions: outsider, partner, member, and sponsor. On the other hand, this chapter, from the perspectives of the public-public mechanism and the public-private mechanism, examines how Chinese institutions interact with each other to enhance the rise of China. This chapter not only demonstrates how China engages other countries in the era of international institutionalization at the international level, but also how China takes advantage of its own unique institutional strength to enhance its rise at the national level.

scholarly journals China, Responsibility to Protect, and the Case of Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-402
Author(s):  
Catherine Gegout ◽  
Shogo Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Humanitarian Crisis ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Party State

Abstract Will the rise of China, an authoritarian, party-state with a poor record of protecting its citizens’ human rights, undermine humanitarian intervention? This question has been particularly pertinent since China’s “assertive turn” in foreign policy. Drawing on the case of Chinese reactions to the humanitarian crisis in Syria, this article argues that China’s attitude toward humanitarian intervention remains ambiguous and contradictory. While China has at times prevented the UN Security Council from threatening sanctions on Syria, it has not necessarily denied that a humanitarian crisis exists. The article shows that the People’s Republic of China is beginning to act more as a norm maker than norm taker, and is offering its own vision of humanitarian intervention, coined as “responsible protection.”

scholarly journals The Difference in Night Visibility between Shared Bikes and Private Bikes during Night Cycling with Different Visibility Aids

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7035
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Wu ◽  
Dawei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Cognitive Differences ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aid Policy

In recent years, bike sharing has increasingly spread across the world. Compared with personal bikes, shared bikes are uniform and have bright surfaces to help the public to find them easily. At the same time, unfamiliarity is still a problem for some users of shared bikes. Therefore, these features should be understood to improve the night visibility of cyclists and improve traffic safety. Our study tested and compared differences in night visibility using five types of visibility aids. The results showed two cognitive differences between cyclists and drivers. First, cyclists believed that using flashing lights or static lights would provide better visibility than other visibility aids. However, using a static light and reflectors showed better results in our research. Secondly, compared to private bikes, cyclists showed more confidence in the nighttime visibility of shared bikes, especially with retroreflective strips. But the behavior of drivers in our study did not support such differences. A post-experiment survey was conducted to explore such cognitive differences, and showed that unfamiliarity with these strips was a possible reason for driver unawareness. This study will aid policy makers in incorporating suitable visibility aids within bike-sharing programs. Further, this study includes helpful advice for cyclists in terms of improving their night visibility.

scholarly journals Is the China-effect real? Ideational change and the increasing political contestation of Chinese state-led investment in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Babic ◽  
Adam Dixon
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Face ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Ideational Change ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Rise Of China

Chinese outwards investment is increasing in its relevance for the global economy; and its effects on host states are increasingly being scrutinized within International Political Economy discussions. While policy-making was ambiguous about the question of hosting Chinese state-led investment in the early 2010s, we can observe a recent surge of protectionist legal measures across Europe. What explains this trend among different European countries? Through the lens of incremental ideational change, we hypothesize that the rise of China as a global investor shifts the perceptions of policy-makers away from being a source of investment towards questions of national security. We argue that this postulated China-effect affects advanced European economies similarly. We provide evidence by studying the shift inperceptions among policy-makers in a coordinated and a liberal market economy, Germany and the UK. By drawing on document analysis and expert interviews, we unpack the policy processes in both countries in the last decade. Despite being two dissimilar cases, both show a similar outcome in increasingly rejecting Chinese state-led investment on the grounds of national security reasons. Our results add important insights to recent discussions on the ‘geopoliticization’ of European trade and investment rules in the face of a rising China.

scholarly journals CPEC: The U.S. Stance and its Impact on Pakistan-U.S. Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Nayyer Iqbal ◽  
Umbreen Javaid
Keyword(s):  
War On Terror ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Added Salt

China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a cluster of infrastructure-build-up projects for Pakistan with Chinese assistance was signed in 2013. The Rise of China had kept the U.S. perturbed for the last two decades, however its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) added salt to injury. The U.S. expressed its displeasure over CPEC, its policy makers gradually started bracketing Pakistan with China. At a juncture, when the U.S. was already unhappy with Pakistan due to numerous Afghanistan- related developments, its serious discomfort with CPEC impacted the bilateral relations considerably. The U.S. has been close to Pakistan since its independence particularly during Afghan War and War on Terror both economically and militarily. Similarly, China is an all-weather friend and natural strategic ally against India. The CPEC-oriented grudge has brought the U.S. closer to India which is a serious concern for Islamabad. The question of balancing relations between U.S. and China perplexes Pakistan policymakers.

scholarly journals The Rise of China: Dream of Xi Jinping

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Md Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Nitin Kumar ◽  
Jhensanam Anusara ◽  
Bouasone Chanthamith ◽  
Humaira Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Xi Jinping ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Leader ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
International Status ◽  
China Dream

The main purpose of this article is to explore the mystery of china being a leader in business, and economic aspects and the dream of Xi Jinping. A historical, analytical, case study method has been used to conduct this research. The study reveals that China has been successful in attaining a stable domestic and international status and achieving a top position in the world. It is proclaimed that “The Dream of Xi Jinping” is for making the nation an ideal one based on the characteristics and ideologies of China. This paper focuses on all the aspects of China as a global leader; it discusses China’s economical-political history, struggles for success and policies for becoming a superpower. In addition, Chinese foreign policies and its relationship with the other countries, especially with Bangladesh have been enlightened here. The findings of the study will be helpful for trader, policy makers and enthusiastic to understand, policy making and future trade with China.

scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of China’s nation branding with data from social media

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Lan He ◽  
Rongdang Wang ◽  
Mingshan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Nation Branding ◽  
National Image ◽  
The Public ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
The Rise Of China

In the past few decades, the rise of China has become the theme of heated debates, the central question of which is whether China will rise peacefully or as a “threat.” Faced with various speculations and predictions about China’s possible future course of action, Chinese political leaders and eminent scholars began engaging in the making and projecting of China’s soft power as well as a series of nation-branding campaigns. In order to study and evaluate the effectiveness of China’s nation-branding campaigns as well as how well the general public receives them, we looked into the perspectives and attitudes of the populace to find out their attitudes toward China’s national image. In this article, we intend to scrutinize the public opinions toward China as reflected by the questions and answers on social media ( quora.com in this case), using content analysis. As the findings show, the ranking of effectiveness of the different aspects of China’s nation branding is as follows: (1) history, (2) place, (3) language, (4) political and economic systems, (5) culture, (6) people, (7) infrastructure, and (8) social institution. Based on the results of the study, a model for evaluating the success or effectiveness of nation-branding campaigns was proposed.

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