Benthic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the South Caribbean Region

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans M. Bolli ◽  
J. P. Beckmann ◽  
J. B. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy

Benthic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy of the South Caribbean Region

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
William A. Berggren ◽  
Hans Bolli ◽  
Jean-Pierre Beckmann ◽  
John B. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Caribbean Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy

Distribution, history, and taxonomy of the Thais clade (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Neogene of tropical America

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Large Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Caribbean

The earliest known members of the Thais clade of rapanine muricid neogastropods comprise four species from the Cantaure Formation (early Miocene: Burdigalian) of Venezuela; three of these species are new. Neorapana rotundata Gibson-Smith et al., 1997, is most closely related to the Recent Pacific Mexican N. tuberculata (Sowerby, 1835), and represents the only known Atlantic occurrence of the genus. Thais brevicula new species is closest to T. callaoensis (Gray, 1828) from the Recent of northern Peru and the Galápagos. A review of the genus Thais indicates that the typical members of this group occur in the South Atlantic, West Africa, and eastern Pacific, but not in the Recent fauna of the southern Caribbean. Stramonita bifida new species is a large species related to the Recent S. haemastoma floridana (Conrad, 1837), which occurs throughout the Caribbean. A review of American species of Stramonita indicates that the taxon S. biserialis (de Blainville, 1832) from the Recent fauna of the eastern Pacific, and the taxon S. h. haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767), may each be composed of more than one species despite the teleplanic dispersal of their larvae. Stramonita semiplicata new species is closely related to the Recent S. bicarinata (de Blainville, 1832) from the South Atlantic, and represents a lineage that occurred in the Caribbean region until at least the late Miocene. It may have given rise to the eastern Pacific genus Acanthais. The higher diversity and greater antipredatory specialization of eastern Pacific as compared to western Atlantic members of the Thais clade may have resulted from higher post-Miocene rates of speciation and lower extinction rates in the eastern Pacific.

scholarly journals Change of the Rainfall Seasonality Over Central Peruvian Andes: Onset, End, Duration and Its Relationship With Large-Scale Atmospheric Circulation

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Giráldez ◽  
Yamina Silva ◽  
Ricardo Zubieta ◽  
Juan Sulca
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
The South ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Peruvian Andes

Changes of the onset dates, end dates, and duration of the rainy season over central Peruvian Andes (Mantaro river basin, MRB) could severely affect water resources management and the main economic activities (e.g., rainfed agriculture, raising cattle, among others). Nonetheless, these changes have not been documented for the Tropical Andes. To asses that, we used daily datasets of observed rainfall during the 1965–2013 period. For this period, the average onset (end) date of the rainy season over the MRB occurs in the pentad 17 (19–23 September) [pentad 57 (7–11 April)]. The duration of the rainy season mainly is modulated by the onset dates due to it has higher variability than end dates. There is a reduction of 3 days/decade in the duration of wet season over the MRB for the last four decades due to the delay of the onset days. Furthermore, El Niño favors late-onset and early end of the rainy season, while La Niña favors early onset and late end of the rainy season in the MRB. Onset dates are related to the propagation of the convective region of the South American Monsoon System (SAMS), from the Caribbean region toward the central Amazon basin. Early (late)-onset days are associated with a southward (northward) shift of the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) and weak (strong) convection over equatorial Atlantic that induces the southernmost propagation (eastward shift) of the SAMS.

Presidential Republicanism in the South, 1960

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Cosman
Keyword(s):  
The South
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