scholarly journals Understanding the motivations for open-source hardware entrepreneurship

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuoxuan Li ◽  
Warren Seering ◽  
Maria Yang ◽  
Charles Eesley
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Community People ◽  
Irrational Action ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Proprietary Product ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Having upended the traditional software development, which historically was centred exclusively on proprietary, copyright-protected code, open-source has now entered the physical artefact world. In doing so, it has started to change not only how physical products are designed and developed, but also the commercialisation process. In recent years, authors have witnessed entrepreneurs intentionally choosing not to patent their product design and technologies but instead licencing the designs and technologies under open-source licences. The entrepreneurs share their product designs online with their community – people who congregated due to the shared interests in products’ technology or project’s social objectives. Founding a startup firm without excluding others from using their own invention is not a common practice. Therefore, there is reason to ask if this choice a strategic decision or irrational action due to short-sightedness or extreme altruism? Conducting interviews with 65 founders, we grounded a framework explaining that the driver of going open is a result of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In addition, we observed the change of identities over time among the entrepreneurs. We hope to use this paper as a pilot study of this emerging socio-technological phenomenon, which is understudied relative to the proprietary product commercialisation process.

scholarly journals Understanding Community Behaviors in For-Profit Open Source Hardware Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 2397-2406
Author(s):  
Zhuoxuan Li ◽  
Warren Seering ◽  
Tiffany Tao ◽  
Shengnan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Open Development ◽  
Development Context ◽  
The Government ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Over Time

AbstractFree contributors have successfully shown the potential in large/complex software co-creation in the Free and Open Source Software Movement, triggering many discussions and exploration ventures from academia to industry and to the government. Though many research efforts explored whether the same level of co-creation efforts could take place broadly in the hardware realm, very few research studies focus on profit-seeking hardware projects initiated by companies. In fact, the specific nature of being tangible and profitable makes company-led open source hardware projects suspicious to be really “open” to contributors. Community has been identified as the critical driver in many open projects. By reviewing the evolution of company-community interactions over time and different community behaviors in different open development context, authors in this paper hope to identify best community- company interaction forms for open source hardware companies. Using grounded theory and case studies, we construct a framework to describe and identify company community's different behaviors and different roles.

Kategorisierung der Schädelform des Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (02) ◽  
pp. 133-133
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel ◽  
Conformation Changes ◽  
Veterinary Record ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Knowler SP, Gillstedt L, Mitchell TJ et al. Pilot study of head conformation changes over time in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel breed. Veterinary Record 2019. doi:10.1136/vr.105135.

ON METHODS OF OBJECT DETECTION IN VIDEO STREAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Puyda V. ◽  
◽  
Stoian. A.
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Feature Detection ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Object Identification ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Computer Vision Systems ◽  
Open Source Hardware

Detecting objects in a video stream is a typical problem in modern computer vision systems that are used in multiple areas. Object detection can be done on both static images and on frames of a video stream. Essentially, object detection means finding color and intensity non-uniformities which can be treated as physical objects. Beside that, the operations of finding coordinates, size and other characteristics of these non-uniformities that can be used to solve other computer vision related problems like object identification can be executed. In this paper, we study three algorithms which can be used to detect objects of different nature and are based on different approaches: detection of color non-uniformities, frame difference and feature detection. As the input data, we use a video stream which is obtained from a video camera or from an mp4 video file. Simulations and testing of the algoritms were done on a universal computer based on an open-source hardware, built on the Broadcom BCM2711, quad-core Cortex-A72 (ARM v8) 64-bit SoC processor with frequency 1,5GHz. The software was created in Visual Studio 2019 using OpenCV 4 on Windows 10 and on a universal computer operated under Linux (Raspbian Buster OS) for an open-source hardware. In the paper, the methods under consideration are compared. The results of the paper can be used in research and development of modern computer vision systems used for different purposes. Keywords: object detection, feature points, keypoints, ORB detector, computer vision, motion detection, HSV model color

scholarly journals Modulation of the multistate folding of designed TPR proteins through intrinsic and extrinsic factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Phillips ◽  
Y. Javadi ◽  
C. Millership ◽  
E. R. G. Main
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence DNA preservation in skeletal remains: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 110859
Author(s):  
Caterina Raffone ◽  
Miriam Baeta ◽  
Nicole Lambacher ◽  
Eva Granizo-Rodríguez ◽  
Francisco Etxeberria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Dna Preservation ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

scholarly journals Shock tube data processing tools using open source hardware and software platforms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Thirumalesh ◽  
Salgeri Puttaswamy Raju ◽  
Hiriyur Mallaiah Somashekarappa ◽  
Kumaraswamy Swaroop
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Shock Tube ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Software Platforms ◽  
Open Source Hardware

scholarly journals Conceptualizing Mobility Inequality: Mobility and Accessibility for the Marginalized

2021 ◽  
pp. 088541222110128
Author(s):  
Isti Hidayati ◽  
Wendy Tan ◽  
Claudia Yamu
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Thought Experiments ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Planning Practice ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

The burgeoning landscape of literature on mobility inequalities has led to discrepancies between a conceptual understanding of mobility inequalities and its implementation in planning practice. Reviewing 270 publications across five decades, this article identifies intrinsic and extrinsic factors and approaches for understanding and analyzing mobility inequality. Using two thought experiments to critically locate variations in factors and approaches, dilemmas and challenges in addressing mobility inequality for the marginalized are exposed. The article concludes with future research directions for investigating mobility inequality.

scholarly journals Monitoring System for Tracking a PV Generator in an Experimental Smart Microgrid: An Open-Source Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8182
Author(s):  
José María Portalo ◽  
Isaías González ◽  
Antonio José Calderón
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Operator Interface ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Time Information ◽  
Pv Generator

Smart grids and smart microgrids (SMGs) require proper monitoring for their operation. To this end, measuring, data acquisition, and storage, as well as remote online visualization of real-time information, must be performed using suitable equipment. An experimental SMG is being deployed that combines photovoltaics and the energy carrier hydrogen through the interconnection of photovoltaic panels, electrolyser, fuel cell, and load around a voltage bus powered by a lithium battery. This paper presents a monitoring system based on open-source hardware and software for tracking the temperature of the photovoltaic generator in such an SMG. In fact, the increases in temperature in PV modules lead to a decrease in their efficiency, so this parameter needs to be measured in order to monitor and evaluate the operation. Specifically, the developed monitoring system consists of a network of digital temperature sensors connected to an Arduino microcontroller, which feeds the acquired data to a Raspberry Pi microcomputer. The latter is accessed by a cloud-enabled user/operator interface implemented in Grafana. The monitoring system is expounded and experimental results are reported to validate the proposal.

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