scholarly journals Role of plasma lipoproteins in the transport of the soyabean isoflavones daidzein and daidzein-7-O-β-d-glucoside

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna E. Rüfer ◽  
Sabine E. Kulling ◽  
Jutta Möseneder ◽  
Peter Winterhalter ◽  
Achim Bub
Keyword(s):  
Lipoprotein Fraction ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Distribution

Isoflavone intake is associated with various properties beneficial to human health which are related to their antioxidant activity, for example, to their ability to increase LDL oxidation resistance. However, the distribution of isoflavones among plasma lipoproteins has not yet been elucidated in vivo. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the association between daidzein (DAI) and lipoproteins in human plasma upon administration of the aglycone and glucoside form. Five men aged 22–30 years participated in a randomised, double-blind study in cross-over design. After ingestion of DAI and daidzein-7-O-β-d-glucoside (DG) (1 mg DAI aglycone equivalents/kg body weight) blood samples were drawn before isoflavone administration as well as 1, 2, 3, 4·5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24 and 48 h post-dose. Concentrations of DAI in the different lipoprotein fractions (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL) and in the non-lipoprotein fraction were analysed using isotope dilution capillary GC/MS. The lipoprotein fraction profiles were similar for all subjects and resembled those obtained for plasma in our previously published study. The lipoprotein distribution based on the area under the concentration–time profiles from 0 h to infinity in the different fractions were irrespective of the administered form: non-lipoprotein fraction (53 %) > LDL (20 %) > HDL (14 %) > VLDL (9·5 %) > chylomicrons (2·5 %). Of DAI present in plasma, 47 % was associated to lipoproteins. Concentrations in the different lipoprotein fractions as well as in the non-lipoprotein fraction were always higher after the ingestion of DG than of DAI. Taken together, these results demonstrate an association between isoflavones and plasma lipoproteins in vivo.

Cow's Milk Formula as a Cause of Infantile Colic: A Double-Blind Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Lothe ◽  
Tor Lindberg ◽  
Irene Jakobsson
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Milk Formula ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cow's Milk

The role of cow's milk in infantile colic in formula-fed infants was estimated in a double-blind study. Sixty colicky infants were given a cow's milk-containing formula (Enfamil) and a cow's milk-free formula based on soy (ProSobee). Eleven infants (18%) were free of symptoms while receiving soy formula. Symptoms of 32 infants (53%) were unchanged or worse when they were fed cow's milk formula and soy formula, but symptoms disappeared when they were fed a formula containing hydrolyzed casein (Nutramigen). Symptoms of 17 infants (29%) could not be related to the diet; these infants were permitted to continue on a cow's milk-based formula. A challenge with cow's milk-based formula after one month (at approximately age 3 months) produced symptoms of infantile colic in 22 infants (36%). At age 6 months, a challenge with cow's milk was positive in 11 infants (18%) with epidermal and gastrointestinal symptoms. Eight infants (13%) at 12 months of age and five infants (8%) at 16 months of age were still intolerant to cow's milk. Cow's milk seems to be a major cause of infantile colic in formula-fed infants. A dietary treatment is suggested for moderate or severe forms of the colic. Cow's milk protein intolerance is common later in infancy in these infants.

scholarly journals Role of ketamine and tramadol as adjuncts to bupivacaine 0.5% in paravertebral block for breast surgery: A randomized double-blind study

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Omar ◽  
Mohamed A. Mansour ◽  
Hisham H. Abdelwahab ◽  
Ossama H. Aboushanab
Keyword(s):  
Breast Surgery ◽  
Paravertebral Block ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind

Effect of cholecystokinin-A receptor blockade on lipid-induced gastric relaxation in humans

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (1) ◽  
pp. G118-G123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mesquita ◽  
D. G. Thompson ◽  
L. E. Troncon ◽  
M. D'Amato ◽  
L. C. Rovati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Intragastric Pressure ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Perception Threshold ◽  
Threshold Control ◽  
Gastric Pressure ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Perception Score

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) in regulating fat-induced changes in human gastric relaxation. Proximal gastric pressure-volume relationships were determined in 12 healthy volunteers during a series of gastric distensions, both fasting and after intragastric instillation of 250 ml of 10% Intralipid. All subjects were studied twice, in a randomized, double-blind study, during intravenous infusion of either loxiglumide (CCK-A antagonist) or saline. For each distension, intragastric pressure and compliance were determined together with perception intensity. During saline infusion, Intralipid reduced intragastric pressure (prelipid, 11.7 +/- 0.8; postlipid, 9.7 +/- 0.6 mmHg; P = 0.002) and increased compliance (pressure-volume slope values: prelipid, 87.6 +/- 9.7; postlipid, 47.2 +/- 7; P < 0.01). Loxiglumide infusion during fasting exerted no effect on either intragastric pressure or compliance. After lipid, however, loxiglumide abolished the expected postlipid reduction in intragastric pressure (prelipid, 12.1 +/- 0.7; postlipid, 11.5 +/- 0.8 mmHg; P = 0.4) but did not consistently abolish the postlipid increase in compliance. Loxiglumide exerted no effect on the cumulative perception score or on the volume at perception threshold, although it prevented the fat-induced reduction in pressure at perception threshold [control: prelipid, 15.4 +/- 1.1; postlipid, 10.7 +/- 0.5 (P < 0.05); loxiglumide: prelipid, 13.8 +/- 1.5; postlipid, 12.2 +/- 0.9 (P > 0.05)]. Endogenous CCK or CCK-A receptors therefore play a role in the fat-induced reduction of intragastric pressure and might also modulate gastric perception after lipid.

scholarly journals Role of pre–extubation fentanyl in mastectomy: a randomized, controlled, double–blind study

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Salman ◽  
Norma Osama Zayed ◽  
Ahmed Mansour ◽  
Ramy Howaidi ◽  
Ahmed Gamaleldin Foly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Extubation Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Both tracheal intubation and extubation are associated with dangerous consequences such as tachycardia, hypertension, myocardial ischemia and arrhythmias. The aim was to evaluate pre–extubation two different doses of fentanyl on hemodynamic stabilization and delayed recovery in mastectomy. Methodology: The randomized controlled double–blind study was conducted on 126 patients aged 16–60 years, with controlled hypertension, receiving chemotherapy before surgery and underwent mastectomy for breast cancer. Patients were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups. Before extubation, patients received 10 ml saline in group (C), 1 µg/kg fentanyl in Group–F1: and 2 µg/kg fentanyl in Group–F2. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded at T1 (after maintenance of anesthesia), T2 (after giving the test drug), T3 (immediately after extubation), T4 (5 min. after extubation) and T5 (15 min after extubation). Results: MAP was significantly lower in fentanyl groups compared to Group–C at T2 and T3 without significant deference between fentanyl groups. HR was significantly lower in fentanyl groups compared to Group–C and in Group–F2 compared to Group–F1 at T3, T4 and T5. Time of extubation was significantly prolonged in Group–F2 compared to Group–F1 and Group–C without a significant difference between Group–F1 and Group–C. Conclusions: Pre–extubation fentanyl 1 µg/kg blunted cardiovascular responses to extubation without respiratory depression or prolonged recovery. Pre–extubation fentanyl 2 µg/kg provide more control in HR but with delay in the extubation time compared to 1 µg/kg of fentanyl. Key words: Pre–Extubation, Fentanyl, Mastectomy, Hemodynamics, Recovery Preregistration: The study was registered in the Ethical Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt (approval number: 281) Citation: Salman A, Zayed NO, Mansour A, Howaidi R, Foly AG, ElSharkawy MS, Abdelgalil AS. Role of pre–extubation fentanyl in mastectomy: a randomized, controlled, double–blind study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;25(2):143-149. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v25i2.1462. Abbreviations: CST=Craniosacral therapy; SMT=Sensorimotor training; NCLBP=Nonspecific chronic low back pain; VAS=Visual analogue scale; ODI=Oswestry disability index, BDI-II=Beck depression inventory-II, and SF-36=Short Form-36; CSF=cerebral spinal fluid; CSS=craniosacral system; PRM=primary respiratory movements Received: 27 June 2020, Reviewed: 24 July 2020, Accepted: 27 July 2020

The role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery- A randomized double blind study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Singh ◽  
B B Baj ◽  
Vipin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study to determine the role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate surgery. This is randomized double-blind study conducted in 60 ASA grade status 1 and 2 patients age group between 45-80 yrs undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia in urology operation theatre in Mahatma Gandhi hospital Jaipur after receiving permission from hospital ethical committee. A detailed history, complete physical examination and routine investigation were done for all patients followed by informed written consent was obtained. Patients are randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A -30 patients who received orally tab tolvaptan 15 mg and group B-30 patients who received orally tab multivitamin 2 hrs before surgery after doing electrolytes of the patients in the morning. In both groups age (in yrs), wt (in kg), ASA grade, volume of irrigating fluid (in litres), volume of prostate resected (in gm) and duration of surgery (in minutes) all demographic and surgical details data were compared. Electrolytes were compared in both groups pre and post-operatively and statistical analysis was done.There was significant difference in post-operative sodium level between the two groups (A and B). The mean level of sodium significantly reduced post-operatively in group –B (control grp). The mean level of sodium significantly increased post-operatively in group –A (tolvaptan grp). We conclude single dose of tolvaptan -15 mg found to effective in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TURP.

scholarly journals Evidence for the role of high density lipoproteins in mediating the antioxidant effect of estrogens

2000 ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Abplanalp ◽  
MD Scheiber ◽  
K Moon ◽  
B Kessel ◽  
JH Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
High Density ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Oh Groups

Estrogens possess strong antioxidant effects in vitro, but in vivo studies in humans have yielded conflicting results. Little is known regarding factors that mediate the antioxidant effect of estrogens in vivo. In this study the potential role of high density lipoprotein (HDL) was examined. The antioxidant effect of estradiol-17beta (E2) added to low density lipoprotein (LDL) was lost after dialysis. In contrast, the antioxidant effect of E2 added to HDL was conserved after dialysis, suggesting that E2 was bound to HDL. Binding of E2 to LDL increased after esterification (especially to long chain fatty acids). In the presence of HDL, an increased amount of E2 was transferred to LDL. E2-17 ester was as potent as E2 in preventing LDL oxidation in vitro, but 3,17-diesters were not as effective (E2=E2-17 ester>E2-3 ester>E2-3,17 diester). This was also supported by experiments which showed that estrogens with masked 3-OH groups were not effective as antioxidants. These studies provide evidence that HDL could facilitate the antioxidant effect of E2 through initial association, esterification and eventual transfer of E2 esters to LDL. Therefore it is critical that HDL peroxidation parameters be evaluated in subjects receiving estrogen replacement therapy.

Intranasal Civamide for the Acute Treatment of Migraine Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Diamond ◽  
F Freitag ◽  
SB Phillips ◽  
JE Bernstein ◽  
JR Saper
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Acute Treatment ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Plasma Extravasation ◽  
Post Dose ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Excitatory Neurotransmitters ◽  
Headache Pain

The objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of intranasal civamide for the acute treatment of migraine headache with or without aura. Civamide is a vanilloid receptor agonist and neuronal calcium channel blocker that inhibits the neuronal release of excitatory neurotransmitters (e.g. calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP)) and depletes the neurones of the trigeminal plexus of their neurotransmitter content. Applied intranasally, the release of neurotransmitters to meningeal and dural blood vessels should be decreased, along with the resultant vasodilatation, plasma extravasation, and histamine/serotonin release. Subsequent migraine headache pain may also be diminished. Thirty-four patients were enrolled into a double-blind study of intranasal civamide, and randomized to receive a single dose of either 20 μg or 150 μg of civamide, for the treatment of a single migraine headache, with or without aura, of moderate to severe pain. At 2 h post-dose, 55.6% of patients treated with either dose had a decrease in pain severity, with 22.2% of patients being pain-free. At 4 h post-dose, 72.7% of patients treated with either dose had a decrease in pain severity, with 33.0% of patients being pain-free. Adverse events were similar for both dosages, with 91.2% of patients experiencing nasal burning and 44.1% of patients experiencing lacrimation. No systemic side-effects were observed. Based upon the results of this study, intranasal civamide may be effective in the acute treatment of migraine headache. Given civamide's proposed mechanism of action, intranasal civamide should be substantially more effective for prophylaxis than acute treatment of migraine. A study evaluating its efficacy in prophylaxis of migraine is currently planned.

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