Studies on the Abundance, Distribution and Feeding Habits of some West African Mosquitos

1933 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Small Region ◽  
West African ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
New Information ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Breeding Place ◽  
Made In

Almost all of the studies here reported were made in one small region, so that very little new information was secured on the ranges of the species of mosquitos under consideration.Our investigations regarding breeding-places were limited to a few species. Aëdes vittatus was found occasionally breeding in tree-holes in Ibadan. Aëdes irritans adults were taken at Ibadan, which is so far inland that this species must sometimes breed in places other than crab-holes at the edges of salt or brackish water. We did not, however, find the larvae of this species at Ibadan. The favourite breeding-place of Eretmopodites chrysogaster was found to be small collections of water in fallen leaves (especially those of cocoa trees) lying in moist and densely shaded places. Because of the abundance of Mansonia africana in places practically free from Pistia, we conclude that in the vicinity of Lagos it must breed abundantly on other plants. The long flight range of this species was taken into consideration in arriving at this conclusion. An extensive search failed, however, to reveal these plants. M. uniformis, also abundant in the vicinity of Lagos, does not breed there upon Pistia, but an extensive search failed to reveal its breeding-place.

The spider fauna of Shetland and its zoogeographic context

1979 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-122
Author(s):  
N. Philip Ashmole
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dunes ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Spider Community ◽  
Arctic Conditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Time ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Last Glacial

SynopsisThe spider fauna of Shetland is described on the basis of collections made in 1974–75 and earlier published and unpublished data. The number of species recorded is increased from 35 to 90. Work on Ronas Hill and elsewhere has shown that Shetland has a substantial array of montane spiders, many of them occurring at much lower elevations than is normal in mainland Britain: a height of 400 m on Shetland is roughly equivalent—in terms of the spider community—to one of 900 m in the Cairngorms. Shetland appears to lack, however, a number of the arctic-alpine species present at high levels in mainland Scotland and the Faroes. The spider fauna of moorland in Shetland is shown to have closely similar composition to that of a moorland area in the Pennines, although the latter has more species. Other habitats discussed include sand dunes in South Mainland and serpentine heaths in Unst.The new information permits for the first time assessment of the spider fauna of Shetland in its zoogeographic context. Almost all of the species found in Shetland, the Faroes and Iceland are present in both Scotland and Fennoscandia; however, only two-thirds of the Faroes species and less than half of the Iceland species are also found in Shetland.Consideration of the Pleistocene history of the area permits analysis of the origins of the faunas. Some species adapted to arctic conditions may have survived through the last glacial episode in Iceland, where there were ice-free areas, but such survival is most unlikely for the Faroes and Shetland: for Orkney the picture is unclear. There was no subsequent overland immigration to Iceland or the Faroes and little or none to Shetland, but Orkney may have received rather more of its species in this way. The rapid postglacial rise in sea level ensured that the bulk of the species in all these faunas had to colonise over water. Some species were transported by man and a few may have travelled on natural rafts, but the majority seem to have immigrated by ballooning.Orkney probably received all its colonists from mainland Scotland and Shetland could also have done so. Immigration from Fennoscandia, however, was undoubtedly important in the case of Iceland, significant in the Faroes and possibly also contributed to the Shetland fauna. Only Iceland can be shown to have received species from Greenland.In an Appendix the spider species recorded from Orkney, Shetland, the Faroes and Iceland are tabulated and the occurrence of these species on the Scottish mainland and in Fennoscandia and Greenland is indicated.

Auto Markets in the World and Strategy of Japan’s Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.

scholarly journals Coronavirus and Soft Law in Germany: Business as Usual?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Matthias Knauff
Keyword(s):  
Legal Order ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Binding Forms ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Made In

In combating the coronavirus pandemic in Germany, soft law has played an important, albeit not a central, role. Its use basically corresponds to that of under “normal circumstances”. In accordance with the German constitutional order, almost all substantial decisions are made in a legally binding form. However, these are often prepared through or supplemented by soft law. This article shows that soft law has played an important role in fighting the pandemic and its effects in Germany, although there cannot be any doubt that legally binding forms of regulation have prevailed. At the same time, the current pandemic has shed light on the advantages and effects of soft law in the context of the German legal order.

scholarly journals The Austrian Osteopathic Practitioners Estimates and RAtes (OPERA): a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick L.S. van Dun ◽  
Lorenzo Arcuri ◽  
Johan Verbeeck ◽  
Jorge E. Esteves ◽  
Francesco Cerritelli
Keyword(s):  
Median Number ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
New Information ◽  
Almost All ◽  
English Opera

Abstract Background: Since the previous survey of the osteopathic profession in Austria was almost a decade ago, an update was necessary. The Osteopathic Practitioners Estimates and RAtes (OPERA) project was developed as a Europe-based survey, whereby an updated profile of the profession not only provides new data for Austria, but also allows for a clear comparison with other European countries. Methods: A voluntary, online-based, closed-ended survey was distributed across Austria in the period between April and August 2020. The original English OPERA-questionnaire, composed of 52 questions in seven sections, was formally translated in German and adapted to the Austrian situation. Recruitment was performed through social-media and an e-based campaign.Results: The survey was completed by 338 individuals, of which 239 (71%) were female, and the median age was 40-49 years. Almost all respondents had preliminary healthcare training, mainly in physiotherapy (72%). The majority of respondents were self-employed (88%) and working as sole practitioners (54%). The median number of consultations per week was 21-25 and the majority of respondents scheduled 46-60 minutes for each consultation (69%). The most commonly used diagnostic techniques were: palpation of position/structure, palpation of tenderness and visual inspection. The most commonly used treatment techniques were cranial, visceral and articulatory/mobilisation techniques. The majority of patients estimated by respondents consulted an osteopath for musculoskeletal complaints mainly localised in the lumbar and cervical region. Although the majority of respondents experience a strong osteopathic identity, only a small proportion (17%) advertise themselves exclusively as osteopaths. Conclusions: This study represents the first published document to determine the characteristics of the osteopathic practitioners in Austria using large, national data. It provides new information on where, how, and by whom osteopathic care is delivered. The information provided may contribute to the evidence used by stakeholders and policy makers for the future regulation of the profession in Austria.

scholarly journals Rediscovery of the Yellow-bellied Sea Snake, Hydrophis platurus (Linnaeus, 1766) in Máncora, northern Perú

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1563
Author(s):  
Javier Quiñones ◽  
Karla García Burneo ◽  
Claudio Barragan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Snake ◽  
Warm Event ◽  
New Information ◽  
Southeast Pacific ◽  
Northern Peru ◽  
Sst Anomalies ◽  
Made In

The presence of the Yellow-bellied Sea Snake (Hydrophis platurus) in the Southeast Pacific is rarely reported, with only one confirmed observation from northern Perú made in the early 1950s. We present new information based on a live-stranded specimen recently found in Peruvian waters, having washed ashore at Máncora (04.1255° S, 81.0958° W) in northern Perú on 12 July 2012. This stranding was associated with a Modoki El Niño warm event, since positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies up to 2.5°C were registered at this time.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS IMPLEMENTATION PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS AS EVALUATION MATERIALS FOR EQUATING EDUCATION QUALITY IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Widowati Pusporini ◽  
Zamroni ◽  
Mansur Arsyad ◽  
Qomariyatus Sholihah
Keyword(s):  
School Principals ◽  
School Principal ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Curriculum Management ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Partnership Program ◽  
Made In

Purpose of the study: This research was compiled to analyze the improvement of the quality of education in Indonesia. The purpose of program evaluation is to know for sure whether the achievement of the results, progress, and obstacles encountered in the implementation of the program. Recognizing the low competency of school principals of the principal's partnership programs. Methodology: The type of this research is development, research which aims to produce instruments to evaluate a school principal partnership program. The development design in this study using the Plomp model. The data was analyzed qualitatively as input for improvement of activities in 2018. The following data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and observations. Main Findings: The data and analysis show that the partnership program has recorded various advances made in the impact schools — both those related to curriculum management and implementation of supervision of learning and strengthening of school ecosystems. The effectiveness of school programs is very dependent on the carrying capacity of each school. However, it is the real result of this program is the change in mindset not only for principals but for almost all stakeholders. Applications of this study: This Study is analyzed based on the school principal partnership program report to become recommendation and references for another partnership programs, improving the competency of school principals, and developing remote area (3T regions/frontier, outermost, and disadvantaged in Indonesia national scale) of Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of this study: The findings imply that the partnership program has a significant impact on the equity growth in remote areas.

scholarly journals An Empirical Investigation of the Option Value of College Enrollment

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M Stange
Keyword(s):  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
College Attendance ◽  
Academic Ability ◽  
Option Value ◽  
School Graduate ◽  
Schooling Decisions ◽  
New Information ◽  
Average High School ◽  
Made In

This paper quantifies the option value arising from sequential schooling decisions made in the presence of uncertainty and learning about academic ability. College attendance has option value since enrolled students have the option, but not obligation, to continue in school after learning their aptitude and tastes. I estimate that option value accounts for 14 percent of the total value of the opportunity to attend college for the average high school graduate and is greatest for moderate-aptitude students. Students' ability to make decisions sequentially in response to new information increases welfare and also makes educational outcomes less polarized by background. (JEL D83, I23)

scholarly journals New R Coronae Borealis Stars in the LMC, Discovered in the MACHO Photometry Database

1999 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 361-362
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Clayton ◽  
D. Kilkenny ◽  
D. L. Welch ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Extensive Search ◽  
R Coronae Borealis Stars ◽  
Made In

An extensive search has been made in the MACHO Photometry Database for new R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars in the LMC. Only three such stars were known previously. Eleven new LMC RCB stars have been spectroscopically confirmed so far.

scholarly journals Lassa Fever: Viral Replication, Disease Pathogenesis, and Host Immune Modulations

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Hinh Ly
Keyword(s):  
Lassa Fever ◽  
West African ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Virus Life Cycle ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Made In

Despite major discoveries made in the last few decades about Lassa fever, there are still many unresolved key issues that hamper the development of effective vaccines and therapies against this deadly disease that is endemic in several West African countries. Some of these issues include the lack of a detailed understanding of the viral and participating host factors in completing the virus life cycle, in mediating disease pathogenesis or protection from disease, and in activating or suppressing host innate and cellular immunity against virus infection, as well as of the animal models required for testing vaccines and therapeutics. This Special Issue is devoted to understanding some of these important issues and to exploring the current status of the research and development in combating Lassa fever.

scholarly journals Remarks on the Biology and Zoogeography of Solenodon (Atopogale) cubanus Peters, 1861 (Mammalia, Insectivora)

1983 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis S. Varona
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Feral Cats ◽  
Relict Populations ◽  
Unpublished Information ◽  
Made In

The biology of Solenodon cubanus Peters, 1861, is poorly known. Recently, a male and two females were studied in the Havana Zoo and observations on this species were made in the field as well. The animals were docile unless startled or handled roughly. Previously unpublished information on their morphology, salivary toxicity, gland secretion, feeding habits, activity, predators, living quarters, social behavior, etc., is given. The present geographic distribution is centered in dense, humid forests on mountains of the eastern provinces with relict populations in central and western Cuba. The mongoose (Herpestes) and feral dog are potential predators that are actually not sympatric with Solenodon. Feral cats pose the greatest nonhuman threat to the continued existence of this most interesting mammal endemic to Cuba.

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