VII.—Sketch of the Geology of British Columbia

1881 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 214-227
Author(s):  
George M. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Spread

Cretaceous.—Lying everywhere quite unconformably below the Tertiary beds are the Cretaceous rocks, which constitute on the coast the true Coal-bearing horizon of British Columbia. These rocks probably at one time spread much more widely along the coast than they now do, but have since been folded and disturbed during the continuation of the process of mountain elevation, and have been much reduced by denudation. Their most important area, including the coal-rnining regions of Nanaimo and Comox, may be described as forming a narrow trough along the north-east border of Vancouver Island, 130 miles in length. The rocks are sandstones, conglomerates, and shales. They hold abundance of fossil plants and marine shells in some places, and in appearance and degree of induration much resemble the true Carboniferous rocks of some parts of Eastern America.

scholarly journals I. On the evidence of fossil plants regarding the age of the tertiary basalts of the north-east Atlantic

1885 ◽  
Vol 38 (235-238) ◽  
pp. 14-23 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

In the following communication I desire to make known to the Society some of the results which I obtained by means of grant given to me by the Government Grant Committee. Brief and incomplete as these notes on the fossil plants must necessarily be at the present stage, they will, I trust, serve to disclose how enormously increased our knowledge must become when the study of these plants shall have been completed.

Tsunami Deposits Beneath Tidal Marshes on Northwestern Vancouver Island, British Columbia

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyd E. Benson ◽  
Kurt A. Grimm ◽  
John J. Clague
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Tidal Marshes ◽  
Tsunami Source ◽  
Cascadia Subduction Zone ◽  
Tsunami Deposits ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Sheet ◽  
Sand Sheets

AbstractTwo sand sheets underlying tidal marshes at Fair Harbour, Neroutsos Inlet, and Koprino Harbour on the northwestern coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were probably deposited by tsunamis. The sand sheets become thinner and finer-grained landward, drape former land surfaces, contain marine microfossils, are locally graded or internally stratified, and can be correlated with earthquakes that generated tsunamis in the region. 137Cs dating and historical accounts indicate that the upper sand sheet was deposited by the tsunami from the great Alaska earthquake in 1964. Radiocarbon ages on plant fossils within and on top of the lower sand sheet show that it was deposited sometime after about A.D. 1660. We attribute the lower sand sheet to a tsunami from the most recent plate-boundary earthquake on the Cascadia subduction zone about 300 yr ago, extending the documented effects of this earthquake north of the Nootka fault zone. The 1964 tsunami deposits differ little in thickness and continuity among the three marshes. In contrast, the lower sand sheet becomes thinner and less continuous to the north, implying a tsunami source south of the study area.

scholarly journals Strategies to Revive Traditional Decision-Making in the Context of Child Protection in Northern British Columbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Tara Ney ◽  
Carla Bortoletto ◽  
Maureen Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Family Centered ◽  
Collaborative Decision ◽  
Contemporary Context

For indigenous peoples, recovering from colonial rule and aspiring to flourish, the revival of traditional decision making (TDM) is considered essential. However, transitioning from established colonial practices to TDMs is not well understood. In this paper we identify some of the challenges experienced by a First Nation urban community in the north east of British Columbia as they have tried to develop and implement a culturally-relevant child and family-centered traditional decision-making (TDM) process in the context of government-regulated child protection system. Specifically, we problematize a collaborative decision-making strategy—Family Group Conferencing (FGC). FGCs are premised on values of collaboration, participation, and empowerment, and because this strategy shares many of the values and aspirations of Traditional Decision-Making (TDM), there is a temptation to directly download and incorporate FGCs into the TDM model. In this paper we explore five challenges that warrant particular attention in developing TDM model in this contemporary context: 1) power, 2) cultural adaptability, 3) family support and prevention, 4) coordinator “neutrality”, and 5) sustainable support. We conclude with eight recommendations to overcome these challenges while developing TDMs in a child protection context.

scholarly journals II. Second Report on the evidence of fossil plants regarding the age of the tertiary basalts of the North-East Atlantic

1886 ◽  
Vol 39 (239-241) ◽  
pp. 412-415
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Plants ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Fossil Floras ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Grant

I have the honour to make known the results attending the expen­diture of £75, placed in my hands by the Government Grant Com­mittee for the purpose of investigating the fossil floras of Scotland, which has been expended at Ardtun Head.

The 1946 Mount Colonel Foster rock avalanche and associated displacement wave, Vancouver Island, British Columbia

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Evans
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Rock Avalanche ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Canadian Cordillera ◽  
Mountainous Terrain ◽  
The North ◽  
Displacement Wave ◽  
Volcaniclastic Rocks ◽  
Landslide Lake

The 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake (M = 7.2) triggered a rock avalanche from the north face of Mount Colonel Foster, central Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Approximately 1.5 × 106 m3 of Triassic volcaniclastic rocks detached from between el. 1965 m and el. 1600 m. Although just over half of this volume was deposited in the upper part of the track above el. 1080 m, approximately 0.7 × 106 m3 descended the lower part of the track and entered the waters of Landslide Lake at el. 890 m. The resultant displacement wave ran up a maximum vertical distance of 51 m on the opposite shore and the wave crest was about 29 m high when it spilled over the lip of the lake. Water displaced during the event destroyed forest in the upper reaches of the Elk River valley up to 3 km from Landslide Lake. The wave at Landslide Lake is comparable to other waves generated by similar magnitude rock avalanches in Peru and Norway and it is the largest recorded in the Canadian Cordillera. The case history illustrates the conditions where substantial damage may be caused by a rock avalanche well beyond the limits of its debris when it produces a landslide-generated wave in the mountainous terrain of the Cordillera. Key words: rock avalanche, earthquake-induced landslides, landslide-generated waves, mountains.

On some Tertiary Plants from South-East Burma

1923 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Plants ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
Made In

The small collection of fossil plants from Burma here described was made in 1921 by Professor J. W. Gregory, in the neighbourhood of Tichara and the Mepale River, near the Siamese frontier, east of Moulmein. Tichara is a few miles north-west of Myawadi, on the frontier of Siam, and 14 miles to the north-east of Kawkareik. It is a little north of the Mepale River, which flows south-eastward into the Thaungyin, on which Myawadi stands.

Postglacial crustal movements in southwestern British Columbia and adjacent Washington state

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 690-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Mathews ◽  
J. G. Fyles ◽  
H. W. Nasmith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
Precise Levelling ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Level Shifts ◽  
Considerable Detail

Records of former land–sea relationships in southwestern British Columbia and adjacent Washington State have been established in considerable detail by terrestrial and marine stratigraphy, by terrestrial and littoral landforms, and by archeological remains, aided by radiocarbon dating of shells, wood, peat, and charcoal from critical sites. These records indicate submergent conditions at the time of retreat of the Vashon ice sheet, 13 000 y ago, followed by an unusually quick emergence of several hundred feet by about 12 000 y ago. In the north-east and north of the area studied, this emergence was followed by a submergence of some hundreds of feet during the next half millennium preceding the Sumas ice advance. During and following this ice advance, land again became emergent, and during the period 9 000 to 6 000 y ago sea level stood approximately 35 ft (10 m) below the present shore in some parts of the area. The shore has stood close to its present level for the last 5 500 y in all parts of the area.Early movements were dominantly isostatic. The pre-Sumas submergence is of problematical origin. Sea level shifts since 8 000 y ago appear to be dominantly eustatic; isostatic movements were evidently essentially complete by this time. In historic time very small changes shown by tide gauges and precise levelling may be tectonic.

scholarly journals Spatial variation of trends in wildfire and summer drought in British Columbia, Canada, 1920 - 2000

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Meyn ◽  
Sebastian Schmidtlein ◽  
Stephen W. Taylor ◽  
Martin P. Girardin ◽  
Kirsten Thonicke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

Owing to large climatic and orographic variation, British Columbia covers a variety of ecosystems extending from temperate rainforests on the Pacific coast to boreal forests in the north-east. The aim of this study is to investigate the spatial variation of trends in wildfire activity and their relationship to summer drought for the entire province of British Columbia. Time series of annual wildfire extent and occurrence, summer self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index and summer Aridity Index were derived from spatially explicit data. Sixteen landscape regions according to the provincial Biogeoclimatic Ecosystem Classification system served as spatial reference. The regional series for 1920–2000 were subjected to trend analysis. Correlations between area burned and summer drought were assessed and tested for significance. The observed decrease in wildfire activity is significantly related to wetter summers with the strength of the relationship considerably varying between British Columbia’s landscapes. Our results suggest that aggregated statistics for large regions with complex topography and climate can hide the spatial variation in direction and strength of changes and may accordingly obscure the relationship between fire and drought. Based on high-spatial-resolution data, our study is the first to provide a differentiated picture for British Columbia.

scholarly journals Paleozoic fossil plants of the north-east of the European part of Russia in the collections of the A. A. Chernov Geological museum

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
L. R. Zhdanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Part ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Museum ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Plants ◽  
Available Information

The article is devoted to the history of the study of fossil algae and plants in the Paleozoic sedimentary deposits developed in the north-east of the European part of Russia. The main locations of the fossilized flora in this area are indicated. The history of the study shows that the remains of ancient plants and algae have been studied unevenly, which is due to the nature of the distribution of the remains and their preservation, as well as the lack of specialists. The generalization of the available information made it possible to present a collection of fossil algae and plant remains of the Paleozoic in the A. A. Chernov Geological Museum, which are of scientific and educational interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document