Baber Johansen, The Islamic Law on Land Tax and Rent: The Peasants' Loss of Property Rights as Interpreted in the Hanafite Legal Literature of the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods (London: Croom Helm, 1988). Pp. 143.

Abstrak Pemberlakuan aturan mengenai kewarisan di Indonesia selama ini terjadi perdebatan antara para ahli hukum tentang status hukum Islam dan hukum adat.Berkaitan dengan permasalahan dalam hukum waris pada hukum Islam dan hukum Adat, maka perlu adanya kesesuaian bagi masyarakat yang akan mempergunakan masing-masing hukum tersebut dalam menyelesaian warisannya kepada sang ahli waris yang berhak. Ketentuan hukum Islam di Indonesia belum merupakan undang-undang (kodifikasi) haruslah sistematis dan prosedural, harus jelas siapa subyek dan obyeknya dan diundangkan oleh lembaga yang berwenang dalam negara. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perbandingan dalam pembagian waris berdasarkan pada hukum islam dan hukum adat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan yuridis empiris. Hasil penelitian yaitu Hukum waris Islam telah menempatkan atauran kewarisan dan hukum mengenai harta benda dengan sebaik-baiknya dan seadil-adilnya. Islam menetapkan hak milik seseorang atas harta, baik bagi laki-laki maupun perempuan seperti perpindahan hak milik dan perempuan pada waktu masih hidup atau perpindahan harta kepada ahli warisnya setelah ia meninggal dunia. Hukum waris adat berpangkal dari bentuk masyarakat dan sifat kekeluargaan yang terdapat di Indonesia menurut sistem keturunan, dan setiap sistem keturunan yang ada mempunyai kekhususan dalam hukum waris yang satu dengan yang lain berbeda-beda. Kata Kunci:Waris, Hukum Islam, Hukum Adat Abstract The enactment of the rules regarding inheritance in Indonesia has been a debate between legal experts about the status of Islamic law and customary law. In connection with problems in inheritance law in Islamic law and Customary law, it is necessary for the community to use each of these laws in complete the inheritance to the rightful heirs. The provisions of Islamic law in Indonesia are not yet laws (codification) must be systematic and procedural, it must be clear who the subject and object are and are promulgated by the authorized institutions in the country. The formulation of the problem in this study is how comparisons in inheritance distribution are based on Islamic law and customary law. This research method uses qualitative methods with an empirical juridical approach method. The results of the research, namely Islamic inheritance law has placed the inheritance and law regarding property as well as possible and as fair as fair. Islam establishes someone's property rights, both for men and women, such as the transfer of property rights and women while still alive or the transfer of property to his heirs after he dies. The customary inheritance law stems from the form of the community and the family character found in Indonesia according to the hereditary system, and each of the offspring systems that have specific inheritance laws is different from one another Keyword: Inheritance, Islamic Law, Customary Law

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Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional Lagu Aceh dan Model Pewarisannya

Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum ◽

10.24815/kanun.v22i1.12781 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 25-48

Author(s):

Sri Walny Rahayu ◽

Widiya Fitrianda

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Legal Protection ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Economic Rights ◽

Legal Norms ◽

The Government ◽

Traditional Songs

Lagu-lagu tradisional Aceh merupakan bagian rezim hak cipta dan termasuk dalam ekspresi budaya tradisional masyarakat Aceh, kekayaan dan identitas bangsa. Untuk memajukan lagu-lagu tradisonal sebagai bagian kebudayaan Aceh, diperlukan langkah strategis melalui perlin-dungan, pengembangan, pemanfaatan, pembinaan untuk mewu-judkan masyarakat Aceh yang berdaulat secara politik, berdikari secara ekonomi, dan berkepribadian dalam Kebudayaan. Hal lainnya, lagu-lagu tradisional Aceh merupakan hak milik yang dapat beralih melalui warisan. Dalam praktiknya ahli waris pencipta lagu-lagu Aceh tidak memahami dan belum mendapatkan hak ekonominya sebagai-mana diatur dalam Pasal 16 ayat (2) Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Budaya masyarakat komunal berbeda pandang dengan filosofi konsep hak kekayaan Intelektual, bersifat eksklusif monopoli, dan lemahnya implementasi penegakan hukum hak cipta merupakan persoalan yang harus mendapat perhatian pemerintah di Aceh dalam melestarikan budaya tradisonalnya. Tujuan penulisan menjelaskan perlindungan hukum terhadap lagu tradisional Aceh yang merupakan ekspresi budaya tradisional, menjelaskan perlindungan kepada ahli waris pencipta lagu Aceh melalui warisan menurut Undang-Undang Hak Cipta, Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata, dan Hukum Islam menjelaskan kendala pengalihan pencipta hak ekonomi lagu-lagu tradisional Aceh melalui warisan. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder sebagai data utama, atau yang disebut penelitian yuridis normatif yang menguji norma hukum sebagai objek penelitian. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan hukum komparatif. Tulisannya disajikan dalam bentuk analisis deskriptif. Aceh Traditional Cultural Expression and Its Inheritance Model Traditional Acehnese songs which are part of the copyright regimes are one part of the expression of traditional Acehnese culture, wealth and national identity. The promotion of Acehnese culture through traditional songs requires a strategic step through protection, development, utilization, and coaching to realize an Acehnese society that is politically sovereign, economically independent, and has a personality in culture. Other things Traditional Aceh songs are property rights that can be transferred through inheritance. In practice the heirs of Acehnese songs creators do not understand and obtain economic rights from the commercial use of Acehnese songs as stipulated in Article 16 paragraph (2) of Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The communal society's culture is different from the philosophy of the concept of intellectual property rights that is exclusively monopoly and the weak implementation of copyright law enforcement is an issue that must be gotten the attention of the government, especially in Aceh to preserve the traditional Acehnese culture which is the expression of its people. The purpose of writing is to explain the legal protection of traditional Acehnese songs which are expressions of Acehnese cultural identity, explain the protection to the heirs of the creators of Aceh songs through inheritance according to the 2014 UUHC, the Civil Code and Islamic Law and explain what constitutes obstacles to the transfer of rights economic creator of traditional Acehnese songs through inheritance. This type of research uses secondary data as the main data, or so-called normative juridical research that tests legal norms as the object of research. The approach used is the conceptual approach and comparative legal approach. This writing is presented in the form of descriptive analysis.

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Is Imbibing Al-khamr (Intoxicating Drink) for Medical Purposes Permissible by Islamic Law?

Arab Law Quarterly ◽

10.1163/0268055032342749 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 355-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nurdeen Deuraseh

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Islamic Law ◽

The Other ◽

Other Hand ◽

Legal Literature

AbstractIn this article attempts are made to study one of the important topics that has been widely discussed in Islamic legal literature, namely al-tadawi bi al-muharramat (treatment with forbidden things), with special reference to al-khamr (intoxicating drink). In this regard, there are two different opinions of Muslim jurists regarding the use of intoxicating drink (al-khamr) for medical purposes. The majority of Muslim jurists are of the opinion that treatingdisease with forbidden things is unlawful. As such, they did not allow the use of intoxicating drink for any reason, including its use as a remedy, or to quench thirst, even if there are no other permissible fluids to drink. On the other hand, a few Muslim jurists did allow the use of an intoxicating drink as a remedy, or to quench thirst if no other permissible fluid is available.

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Islamic Law Analysis of Criminal Sanctions for Abortion in the Criminal Code: A Call for Reform

Psychology and Education Journal ◽

10.17762/pae.v58i1.1797 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 5398-5407

Author(s):

Ishaq, Maratun Saadah

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Criminal Sanction ◽

Criminal Sanctions ◽

Library Research ◽

Legal Literature ◽

Legal Sanctions

This study aims to contribute to Islamic law regarding the criminal sanction of abortion in the Criminal Code (KUHP) as an effort to reform Indonesian criminal law. The method used is comparison, with data collection carried out by library research, by studying Islamic legal literature, interpretation of the Quran (tafsir), hadith, Criminal Code, and the Draft of Criminal Code. The sanctions for abortion in articles 346, 347, 348 and 349 of the Criminal Code are only imprisonment, not accompanied by fines. According to Islamic law these sanctions are not sufficient, because they tend to make the perpetrators not deterred, as a result the purpose of punishment is not achieved. Therefore, it needs to be updated by including the value of Islamic legal sanctions in the form of fines (diat), so that the purpose of punishment can be achieved.

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Artikulasi Islam Nusantara dalam Perjuangan Agraria

ISLAM NUSANTARA: Journal for Study of Islamic History and Culture ◽

10.47776/islamnusantara.v1i1.21 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 41-88

Author(s):

Mohamad Shohibuddin

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Rural Sociology ◽

Tenure Reform ◽

Legal Literature ◽

Inheritance System ◽

Marital Property ◽

Nahdlatul Ulama ◽

Mamluk Period

This article focuses on a specific topics rarely discussed in the scholarship of Islam Nusantara, namely the contribution of Islam Nusantara in addressing agrarian problems experienced by the community. To disclose such contribution, the author proposes the perspective of “access and exclusion” as a theoritical framework for understanding the nature of social struggle in the agrarian field. Based on this, the author will disclose the contribution of Islam Nusantara in “pursuing access” and at the same token “preventing exclusion” within various situations of agrarian struggle, starting from the family level (as concerned with inheritance system and joint marital property) to broader level of socio-agrarian relations (as related to inequalities in land tenure, relations of production and spatial allocation). In addition, the author will examines “agrarian ijtihad” issued by Nahdlatul Ulama and also proposes the idea of “agrarian waqf”—both constitute religious responses to “challenges of access” and “threats of exclusion” taking place within the community. Keywords: Islam Nusantara, struggle for access; struggle against exclusion; agrarian ijtihad; Nahdlatul Ulama; agrarian waqf Reference Abbasi, Muhammad Zubair, “The Classical Islamic Law of Waqf: A Concise Introduction.” Arab Law Quarterly 26, No. 2 (2012): p. 121-153. Abu Zahrah, Muhammad, Muhâdlarât fî al-Waqf. Tanpa tempat terbit: Ahmad ’Ali Mukhaymar, 1959. Hall, Derek, Philip Hirsch, Tania Murray Li, Powers of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas in Southeast Asia. Singapore: NUS Press, 2011. Ibrahim, Bilal, “Beyond State and Peasant: The Egalitarian Import of Juristic Revisions of Agrarian and Administrative Contracts in the Early Mamlūk Period.” Islamic Law and Society 16, No. 3-4 (2009): p. 337-382. Johansen, Baber, The Islamic Law on Land Tax and Rent: The Peasants’ Loss of Property Rights as Interpreted in the Hanafite Legal Literature of the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods. London, New York, Sydney: Croom Helm, 1988. Lembaga Ta'lif wan Nasyr PWNU Jawa Timur, Ahkamul Fuqaha: Solusi Problematika Aktual Hukum Islam. Keputusan Muktamar, Munas dan Konbes Nahdlatul Ulama (1926-2004). Surabaya: Khalista, 2007. Luthfi, Ahmad Nashih, “Sejarah dan Revitalisasi Perjuangan Pertanian Nahdlatul Ulama Melawan Ketidakadilan Agraria.” Bhumi: Jurnal Agraria Dan Pertanahan 3, No. 2 (2017): p. 145-159. Megawati Institute,Hasil Riset Oligarki Ekonomi. Jakarta: Megawati Institute, 2017. Powers, David S., “Orientalism, Colonialism, and Legal History: The Attack on Muslim Family Endowments in Algeria and India.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 31, No. 3 (1989): p. 535-571. Ribot, Jesse C. and Nancy Lee Peluso, “A Theory of Access.” Rural Sociology 68 No. 2 (2003): p. 153-181. Shohibuddin, Mohamad, Eko Cahyono, Adi Dzikrullah Bahri, “Undang-Undang Desa dan Isu Sumber Daya Alam: Peluang Akses atau Ancaman Eksklusi?” Wacana 19, No. 36 (2017): p. 29-81. Tersedia melalui tautan berikut ini: http://ipb.link/desa-dan-agraria. Shohibuddin, Mohamad, Ahmad Nashih Luthfi, Westi Utami, ed. Meninjau Ulang Pengaturan Hak Adat. Yogyakarta dan Bogor: STPN Press dan Pusat Studi Agraria IPB, 2019. Bisa diunduh melalui tautan berikut: http://bit.ly/36pdY5e. Shohibuddin, Mohamad dan Adi D. Bahri, ed. Perjuangan Keadilan Agraria. Yogyakarta, Bogor, Jakarta dan Bandung: Insist Press bekerja sama dengan Sajogyo Institute, Bina Desa dan Akatiga, 2019. Pengantar penyunting dapat dilihat melalui tautan ini: http://bit.ly/2QR2jaK. Shohibuddin, Mohamad, “Dua Wajah Islam Nusantara.” Koran Sindo, 11 April 2017. Versi lebih panjang dapat dilihat pada tautan ini: https://www.facebook.com/notes/mohamad-shohibuddin/dua-wajah-islam-nusantara/10155013669631224. ----------, Perspektif Agraria Kritis: Teori, Kebijakan dan Kajian Empiris. Yogyakarta: STPN Press, PSA IPB, Sajogyo Institute dan KPA, 2018. Bisa diunduh melalui tautan berikut ini: http://ipb.link/perspektif-agraria. ----------, Wakaf Agraria: Signifikansi Wakaf Bagi Agenda Reforma Agraria. Yogyakarta dan Bogor: Baitul Hikmah, Magnum Pustaka Utama dan Sajogyo Institute, 2019. Beberapa review buku ini bisa dilihat pada tautan ini: http://bit.ly/2NLwyxp. ----------, “Mempertimbangkan Wakaf Sebagai Skema Alternatif Pelaksanaan Tenure Reform.” Dalam Mohamad Shohibuddin dan Adi D. Bahri, ed. Perjuangan Keadilan Agraria. Yogyakarta, Bogor, Jakarta dan Bandung: Insist Press bekerja sama dengan Sajogyo Institute, Bina Desa dan Akatiga, 2019. Bab ini bisa diunduh melalui tautan berikut ini: http://bit.ly/2PI0omw. ----------, “Wakaf Berjangka untuk Pembaruan Tenurial Skala Desa.” Dalam Adi D. Bahri dan Mohamad Shohibuddin, ed. Perjuangan Keadilan Agraria: Inspirasi Gunawan Wiradi. Bogor, Bandung, Jakarta, Yogyakarta: Sajogyo Institute, PSA IPB, Akatiga, Bina Desa, STPN Press, 2020. Bisa diunduh melalui tautan ini: https://ipb.link/wakaf-berjangka. ----------, Ketimpangan Agraria di Indonesia: Pendekatan Studi, Kondisi Terkini dan Kebijakan Penanganan. Bogor: IPB Press, 2020. Versi e-book bisa diperoleh melalui tautan berikut ini: http://bit.ly/BukuKetimpanganAgraria. Winoto, Joyo, “Reforma Agraria: Mandat Politik, Konstitusi dan Hukum dalam Rangka Mewujudkan Tanah untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan Rakyat.” Kuliah Umum disampaikan di Balai Senat Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta pada 22 November 2007.

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