Use of bovine somatotropin in the tropics: the effect of sometribove on milk production of Bos indicus, dairy crossbred and Bos taurus cows in Zimbabwe

1991 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
C. Madakadze ◽  
T. Mutsvangwa ◽  
D. L. Hard ◽  
G. De Kerchove
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Injection Site Reaction ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Release Formulation

SUMMARYTwenty-four Bos indicus cows of the Mashona/Nkone breeds, 36 dairy crossbreds (Mashona/ Nkone x Friesian), 48 Holsteins, 42 Friesians and 25 Jerseys were used to study the effect on milk production of sometribove (500 mg), a prolonged release formulation of bovine somatotropin (BST). BST was administered at 14-day intervals by subcutaneous injections into the ischio-rectal fossa which lies lateral to and on either side of the anus (tailhead). With the exception of the Bos indicus cows, which received seven injections of BST, all other treated cows received eight.The administration of BST to Bos indicus cows, significantly (P < 0·05) increased milk yield from 0·45 to 1·75 kg/cow per day, and extended lactation. These effects combined to increase total milk production during the 14-week trial from 226 kg for the control group to 993 kg for the group treated with BST. With dairy crossbreds the use of BST significantly (P < 0·01) increased milk yield from 8·6 to 11·0 kg/cow per day. Milk composition for Bos indicus and dairy crossbreds wasunaffected by the administration of BSTBST significantly (P < 0·05) increased milk yield in Jersey (+ 2·9 kg/day), Friesian (+ 3·6 kg/day) and Holstein (+ 2·7 kg/day) cows. Bodycondition of treated cows tended to be slightly lower than that of the control cows at the end of treatment.Cows remained in excellent health throughout all the trials. Farmers commented on how easy the injection was to give in the tailhead site, and on the complete absence of any adverse injection site reaction.

scholarly journals Effect of a Prolonged-Release Formulation of N-Methionyl Bovine Somatotropin (Sometribove) on Milk Composition

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1775-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Barbano ◽  
J.M. Lynch ◽  
D.E. Bauman ◽  
G.F. Hartnell ◽  
R.L. Hintz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Composition ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Release Formulation

The effects of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on food intake, diet digestibility and milk production of crossbred cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khalili ◽  
T. Varvikko ◽  
S. Crosse
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Forage Type

AbstractAn experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on forage intake, diet digestibility and milk production. Twenty-four crossbred cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus), in early lactation, were allocated to the following six dietary treatments: native grass hay (H) or oat-vetch hay (OV), offered ad libitum, and supplemented with either 0, 2·5 or 5·0 kg per cow per day of a wheat-middling-based concentrate. A four-period, partially balanced, change-over design was used and the treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial.The daily dry-matter (DM) intake was 640 g (P < 0·001) higher with cows on (H) diets compared with those on OV diets. However, OV diets were more digestible (0·675 v. 0·566, P < 0·001) resulting in 800 g higher (P < 0·05) daily intake of digestible DM. The daily milk yield was 1·24 kg higher (P < 0·001) for cows on OV diets compared with H diets. Milk fat concentration was higher (P < 0·05), but milk protein concentration was lower (P < 0·001) with H diets. The rates of rumen degradation of DM and nitrogen of OV were higher than of H for all incubation periods; similarly the values of the rate constant of DM and nitrogen were greater for OV than for H.The daily DM intake increased by 3·72 kg/day (P < 0·001), when the amount of concentrate increased from 0 to 5·0 kg/day, indicating a minor substitution of basal forage by concentrate. The apparent DM digestibilities of the diets were higher when the diets were supplemented with concentrates. The milk yield increased linearly (P < 0·001), when the level of concentrate supplement increased from 0 to 5 kg, resulting in 0·52 kg more milk per day per kg additional concentrate given.

The effects of forage type (maize-lablab or oat-vetch) and level of supplementation (wheat-middlings) on food intake, diet apparent digestibility, purine excretion and milk production of crossbred (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Khalili ◽  
P. O. Osuji ◽  
N. Umunna ◽  
S. Crosse
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Middlings ◽  
Forage Type

AbstractAn experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on forage intake, diet apparent digestibility, purine excretion and milk production. Twelve crossbred cows (Bos taurus × Bos indicus), in early lactation, were allocated to the following six dietary treatments: maize-lablab forage (ML) or oat-vetch forage (OV), offered ad libitum, and supplemented with either 0, 2·5 or 5·0 kg per cow per day of a supplement (wheat middlings). A four-period, partially balanced, change-over design was used and the treatments were arranged as 2 × 3 factorial.Mean organic matter (OM) intake was 670 g higher with cows on ML-based diets compared with those on OV-based diets (P <0·02). The apparent digestibilities of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) were similar for cows given ML- or OV-based diets but the apparent digestibility of OM was higher for ML diets (P <0·05). Values of the degradation parameters (a, b and c) of DM and NDF were greater for ML forage than for the OV forage. Forage type did not affect daily milk yield nor excretion of purine derivatives in urine used to estimate microbial-nitrogen supply (P >0·05). The concentration of milk fat and total solids in the milk were similar for the two forage types offered but the concentration of milk protein was slightly higher for the cows given ML-based diets (P <0·05).Daily OM intake increased by 3·75 and 2·70 kg per cow per day (P <0·001) respectively, when the amount of concentrate increased from 0 to 5·0 kg per cow per day for the ML- and OV-based diets. The CP apparent digestibilities of the diets were higher when the diets were supplemented with concentrates but there was no effect of supplementation on the apparent digestibilities of OM and NDF. The supply of microbial-nitrogen increased linearly with increasing level of concentrate supplementation (P <0·05). Milk yield increased linearly when the level of concentrate supplement increased from 0 to 5 kg (P <0·001), resulting in 0·39 and 0·29 kg more milk per day per kg additional concentrate given in cows on ML and OV, respectively. There was also a tendency for a quadratic effect (P <0·12), especially with ML diets, showing that when the level of concentrate increased from 0 to 2·5 or from 2·5 to 5·0 kg/day, the milk yield increased respectively by 0·62 and 0·15 kg/day per kg additional concentrate given.

Effects of long-term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin on milk production and plasma insulin-like growth factor and insulin in crossbred Holstein cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. CHAIYABUTR ◽  
S. THAMMACHAROEN ◽  
S. KOMOLVANICH ◽  
S. CHANPONGSANG
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective of the study was to determine the in vivo relationship between the long-term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST), circulating levels of IGF-I and insulin, mammary blood flow and other variables relevant to milk synthesis, in crossbred, Holstein cattle. Ten first-lactation, non-pregnant, crossbred, Holstein dairy cattle were divided into two groups of five animals each; an experimental group and a control group. Animals in each group were fed with rice straw, treated with 5 kg urea dissolved in 100 litres water per 100 kg dry rice straw as the source of roughage. Four consecutive study periods were carried out in each group. These consisted of a pretreatment period (45 days postpartum before lactation peak) and three treatment periods during early lactation (105 days postpartum), mid-lactation (165 days postpartum) and late lactation (225 days postpartum). During the treatment periods, animals that had completed 60 days of lactation were injected subcutaneously at fortnightly intervals with 500 mg of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) (POSILAC, Monsanto, USA) in the experimental group, while animals in the control group were injected subcutaneously at fortnightly intervals with 800 mg of sterile sesame oil, without rbST, as a placebo. During the pretreatment period, there were no significant differences in plasma concentrations of IGF-I, insulin and other parameters between the control group and the experimental group. During the treatment periods, the increase in the concentration of plasma IGF-I in rbST treated animals was significantly higher than in the control animals throughout the lactation period. Plasma glucose, protein and triglyceride concentrations in each group remained stable throughout the study. The total daily dry matter intakes were not significantly different between the groups. Milk yield increased by 20% with rbST treatment and it was 22% greater than that of the control animals receiving placebo in early lactation. Milk yield of rbST treated animals rose to a peak in early lactation and then gradually declined. In late lactation, milk yield of rbST-treated animals decreased by 19% as compared with early lactation. Udder plasma flow and udder blood flow markedly increased with rbST treatment and there were no significant changes in the control animals. The ratio of udder blood flow to the rate of milk production increased in mid- and late lactation in controls and the rbST treated animals. These findings suggest that the short persistency of lactation in rbST treated animals was similar to that in the control animals receiving placebo. Changes in milk production during the progress of lactation in rbST treated animals might not be controlled systemically only but also locally within the mammary gland. The lack of effect of higher plasma IGF-I levels on persistency of lactation in rbST treated animals, may be due to changes in the pattern of IGF-I binding proteins and paracrine production inhibiting IGF-I action.

Effect of by-pass protein supplements on milk production of dairy cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Puja Thapa ◽  
Thaneshwar Pandey ◽  
Rabin Acharya ◽  
Bhargab Dhital
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
T1 And T2

Bypass protein stimulates the voluntary feed intake, increase quality milk production and thereby improves the economic status of dairy cows farming. This study was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of bypass protein on lactation performance of dairy cattle. The experiment was conducted by using 2 factorial completely randomized designs. Milk yield of individual animal was recorded daily and milk composition was recorded at fortnight interval. Results revealed that the average daily milk yield of cows fed with Heat treated soyabean cake-T1 (4.29 L) was greater than cows fed with formalin treated soyabean cake-T2 (3.56 L) followed by control group-T3 (2.62 L). . The fortnight average milk protein and fat percentages were 2.91, 2.94 and 3.18% and 5.52, 5.55 and 4.47% for T0, T1 and T2 groups respectively. The weekly average milk SNF and milk density were 8.12, 8.37 and 8.64 % and 25.67, 27.80 and 27.10%, for group T0, T1 and T2 respectively. Experiment revealed that by-pass protein supplementation to lactating animals is one of the option for improving the milk production and milk composition and suggested that further study should be conducted to precise the optimum level of bypass protein supplementation and to quantify the experimental period.

Bos indicus and Bos taurus crossbred dairy cattle in Australia. I. Crossbreeding with selection among filial generations

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Hayman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Filial Generation ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Maternal Instinct ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dairy Animal

An attempt to breed a dairy animal having satisfactory milk production in a difficult environment is reported. Red Sindhi and Sahiwal (Bos indicus) males crossed with Jersey (Bos taurus) females were used as foundation breeds, and each cross was bred on to the F3 generation. All females in each generation were milked for at least one lactation. Males used as sires in each generation were chosen from progeny of the best available females. The report covers the 16 year period 1955–1970 and is based on the first lactation records of parental females and their F1, F2, and F3 progenies. Owing to the phenomenon known as "maternal instinct", the mean first lactation milk yield of each filial generation was inferior to that of the parental generation of Jerseys. The Jersey mean was 1944 kg milk in 206 days, that of F1, F2, and F3 Sahiwal x Jersey crosses 815 kg in 112 days, and that of F1, F2, and F3 Sindhi x Jersey crosses 375 kg in 83 days. Maximum first lactation yield recorded for a Jersey was 4536 kg in 305 days, for a Sahiwal x Jersey cross 4649 kg in 305 days, and for a Sindhi x Jersey cross 2694 kg in 305 days. The range in recorded milk yields among F2 and F3 Sahiwal x Jersey females indicated that selection against maternal instinct and for total milk yield would be effective.

Accessing drop in milk production in cattle due to cold climate and subsequent nutrient amelioration in temperate Kashmir

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovais Aarif ◽  
Z. A. Pampori ◽  
Dilruba Hasin ◽  
Aasif A Sheikh ◽  
Irfan A. Sheikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Live Stock ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
The Difference

The preliminary study to quantify the drop in milk production in cattle due to cold climate and subsequent nutritional amelioration in temperate Kashmir where the temperature in the winter months ranges from -4 to 10 0C was conducted at Mountain Live stock Research Institute (MLRI), SKUAST-Kashmir and in various dairy farms in the vicinity. In the treatment group, the animals were provided with 150 grams of jaggery and 200 grams of crushed fenugreek daily in addition to normal feeding schedule. The data regarding milk yield and associated parameters were compared between winter (December to February) and spring (March to May) months. The milk yield was recorded daily for 15 days and then presented as an average. The average milk yield in treatment group (6.41±0.53 kg) was significantly (p than 0.05) higher as compared to control group (4.48±0.21 kg) in the winter months. Similarly, the milk yield in the spring months was higher in treatment group (9.12±0.22 kg) as compared to control group (8.68±0.23 kg) but the difference was statistically non-significant. No significant changes were observed in milk composition in winter and spring months in both control and treatment groups. The overall milk production in the treatment group (7.76±0.49 kg) was significantly (p than 0.05) higher in comparison to control (6.58±0.39 kg). Prolactin was higher in treatment group in both winter and spring months but the difference was significant (p than 0.05) in winter months (7.20±0.38 and 5.67±0.13 ng/ml) only. Similarly, growth hormone in treatment group (5.53±0.16 ng/ml) was significantly higher as compared to control group (3.34±0.16 ng/ml) in winter months. Cortisol concentration was significantly (p than 0.05) higher in control group (33.04±0.27 ng/ml) as compared to treatment group (24.33±1.84 ng/ml) in winter months.

Use of prolonged-release bovine somatotropin for milk production in British Friesian dairy cows. 1. Effect on intake, milk production and feed efficiency in two consecutive lactations of treatment

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Phipps ◽  
R. F. Weller ◽  
N. Craven ◽  
C. J. Peel
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prolonged Release

SUMMARYIn two consecutive lactations in 1985/86 and 1986/87, 60 cows were injected with 500 mg of Sometribove, methionyl bovine somatotropin (BST), or a placebo at day 60±3 post partum; injections were repeated fortnightly for the remainder of each lactation. All cows received the same complete diet (metabolizable energy (ME) 11·5 MJ/kg dry matter; crude protein 169 g/kg dry matter) ad libitum for the first 20 weeks of lactation, after which, energy concentration of the diet was reduced as yield declined.The administration of BST significantly increased milk yield by 4·3 (P < 0·001) and 3·1 kg/day (P < 0·05) in the first and second lactations, respectively. The mean dry matter (DM) intake of 16·3 kg/day in lactation 1 for the treated group was significantly (P < 0·01) higher than the 14·7 kg/day recorded for the control group. The response in intake was not significant until 6 weeks after treatment started. However, in the pretreatment period of the subseque1t lactation, the DM intake of the cows in the treated group was already significantly (P < 0·01) higher (+ 1·2 kg/day) than that of the control group. Although the DM intake in the treatment period of lactation 2 was also higher for the treated group, the difference from the control group was not significant.With the exception of a significant (P < 0·01) increase in milk protein (control 35·3 g/kg v. treated 36·3 g/kg) in lactation 1, overall milk composition was unaffected by BST treatment. The administration of BST increased apparent feed efficiency (kg 4% fat-corrected milk (FCM)/kg DM intake) by 6 and 10% and gross feed efficiency (kg FCM/MJ ME) by 8 and 6% in lactations 1 and 2, respectively.Animals treated with BST had significantly (P < 0·05) lower scores for body condition during the treatment period in lactation 1. This was, however, recouped during the dry period so that both groups had similar body conditions before the start of the next treatment period.BST administered every 14 days in a prolonged-release formulation increased the yields of milk and milk constituents and apparent and gross feed efficiency during two consecutive lactations of treatment.

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