Prevalence and habitat specificity of steinernematid and heterorhabditid nematodes isolated during soil surveys of the UK and the Netherlands

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M. Hominick ◽  
A.P. Reid ◽  
B.R. Briscoe
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Dna Repeat ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Soil Surveys

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from soil samples collected during three separate surveys, two in the United Kingdom and one in the Netherlands. The nematodes were identified by their restriction fragment length polymorphisms on hybridization of Southern blots with a ribosomal DNA repeat unit clone. A total of eight steinernematid species/RFLP types and two heterorhabditids were isolated. The distributions of the majority of these species/RFLP types were significantly different between the three surveys and some of the species displayed a close association with certain habitat types.

scholarly journals A unique measles B3 cluster in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands linked to air travel and transit at a large international airport, February to April 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Nic Lochlainn ◽  
Sema Mandal ◽  
Rita de Sousa ◽  
Karthik Paranthaman ◽  
Rob van Binnendijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Virus Strain ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
The Uk ◽  
In Transit

This report describes a joint measles outbreak investigation between public health officials in the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands following detection of a measles cluster with a unique measles virus strain. From 1 February to 30 April 2014, 33 measles cases with a unique measles virus strain of genotype B3 were detected in the UK and the Netherlands, of which nine secondary cases were epidemiologically linked to an infectious measles case travelling from the Philippines. Through a combination of epidemiological investigation and sequence analysis, we found that measles transmission occurred in flight, airport and household settings. The secondary measles cases included airport workers, passengers in transit at the same airport or travelling on the same flight as the infectious case and also household contacts. This investigation highlighted the particular importance of measles genotyping in identifying transmission networks and the need to improve vaccination, public health follow-up and management of travellers and airport staff exposed to measles.

Cloning of the rDNA repeat unit from a British entomopathogenic nematode (Steinernematidae) and its potential for species identification

Parasitology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Reid ◽  
W. M. Hominick
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Rdna Repeat ◽  
Dna Repeat ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Rdna Repeat Unit ◽  
Unique Restriction ◽  
Plasmid Puc18

SUMMARYThe entire ribosomal DNA repeat unit of a steinernematid species (Nashes isolate) was cloned as three separate EcoR I fragments in the plasmid pUC18. An equimolar cocktail of these three clones was used to identify Steinernema species on Southern blots as each species displays its own unique restriction fragment length polymorphisms. The clones also identified two new species isolated in a soil survey of coastal regions of Britain. One of the clones (pSn4.0) can detect length heterogeneities in the rDNA repeat unit of various isolates of some of the species, particularly the most common in the United Kingdom, S. feltiae. These differences in the rDNA repeat unit length remained constant over several years for one isolate of S. feltiae, but were different for each of the geographical isolates studied to date.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EIA AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE: REFLECTING ON 25 YEARS OF EIA PRACTICE IN THE NETHERLANDS AND THE UK

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250025 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOS ARTS ◽  
HENS A. C. RUNHAAR ◽  
THOMAS B. FISCHER ◽  
URMILA JHA-THAKUR ◽  
FRANK VAN LAERHOVEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
The Uk

The European Union (EU) Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive which was introduced some 25 years ago has had a major impact on decision-making practices in EU member states. In the professional literature, this impact has mostly been discussed under the heading of "effectiveness", with an emphasis being given in particular to procedural elements. The extent to which EIA has contributed to objectives, such as raising environmental awareness and leading to an incorporation of environmental values in decision-making has only been rarely investigated. This paper reflects on these latter two aspects of EIA effectiveness in two EU member states; the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. Empirical evidence was compiled mainly on the basis of a comprehensive literature review and online surveys with EIA professionals in both countries. Our results indicate that overall the instrument is about equally effective in both countries with regards to the incorporation of environmental concerns in decision-making. As both countries have different governance mechanisms, further research is needed on why perceived effectiveness does not differ more.

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms within the ribosomal DNA repeat unit of British entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae)

Parasitology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Reid ◽  
W. M. Hominick
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Dna Repeat ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

SUMMARYGenomic DNA extracted from entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from 89 soil samples taken throughout the United Kingdom was hybridized with the ribosomal DNA clone from Caenorhabditis elegans (pCe7). When the DNA was digested with EcoR I and Hind III in a double digest, 5 distinct RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) types were observed. While the prevalence of the 5 types was not equal, no correlation with geographical location, soil type or habitat could be detected. Subsequent hybridizations of total genomic DNA from the various RFLP types divided them into 2 groups. The most prevalent group, identified as Steinernema feltiae ( = bibionis), contained 2 of the RFLP types (Al and A2). The other group contained the remaining 3 RFLP types (B1, B2 and B3). Although similar to S. feltiae ( = bibionis), the members of the B-types can be distinguished from this species on morphological grounds and preliminary crossbreeding experiments have demonstrated that the 2 groups are reproductively isolated.

Whose empowerment and independence? A cross-national perspective on ‘cash for care’ schemes

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLARE UNGERSON
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
National Study ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Care Relationship ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Cross National Study ◽  
Cross National

This paper uses qualitative data from a cross-national study of ‘cash for care’ schemes in five European countries (Austria, France, Italy, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom) to consider the concepts of empowerment and independence in relation to both care-users and care-givers. The paper locates the schemes along two axes, one of regulation/non-regulation, the other whether relatives can be paid or not. Each of the schemes has a different impact both on the care relationship and on the labour market for care. In The Netherlands where relatives can be paid, for example, a fully commodified form of informal care emerges; but in Austria and Italy with low regulation, a mix of informal and formal care-givers/workers has emerged with many international migrant workers. In the UK, direct payments allow care-users to employ local care-workers who deliver care for various lengths of time; while in France a credentialised system means that care-work is delivered by qualified workers but for very short intervals. The main conclusion is that none of these schemes have a simple outcome or advantage, and that the contexts in which they occur and the nature of their regulation has to be understood before drawing conclusions about their impact on empowerment and independence on both sides of the care relationship.

scholarly journals Routines and Structure in the Assessment of Visuospatial Neglect in Rehabilitation Facilities: Current Practice in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine S. Bosma ◽  
◽  
Monique A.A. Caljouw ◽  
Jacqueline K. Benfield ◽  
Laura Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Geriatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Visuospatial Neglect ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Rehabilitation Facilities ◽  
The Uk

Visuospatial neglect (VSN) adversely impacts both the length of rehabilitation and activities of daily living (ADL) of patients after stroke and can reduce their participation in community activities. Therefore, it is important to assess VSN after stroke in neurorehabilitation facilities. The process of assessing VSN comprehensively in current geriatric rehabilitation remains unclear. This study examined the process of VSN in post-stroke assessment emphasizing the details of the (systematic) routines and structure of VSN assessment in current geriatric rehabilitation facilities in the Netherlands and rehabilitation facilities in the United Kingdom (UK). Health care professionals in geriatric rehabilitation facilities in the Netherlands (n = 6) and in stroke and neurorehabilitation facilities in the UK (n = 6) were interviewed. VSN was not routinely assessed in any of the geriatric rehabilitation facilities in the Netherlands, and only in half of the neurorehabilitation facilities in the UK. Healthcare teams in the Netherlands detected no patients with VSN over a two month period. Several VSN assessment tools were employed. Neuropsychological tests were most frequently used. Nine interviewees indicated the need to improve the process of VSN assessment in actual practice. The suggestions focused on improving the process of assessing VSN and developing relevant knowledge development and training. This study showed that in current rehabilitation practice, VSN was not always assessed in a routine (every stroke patient) and structured (who, when, and, which tests) manner. VSN was not routinely assessed with more than one test (neuropsychological and during daily activities), contrary to best practice recommendations. VSN remains probably underrecognized, especially in geriatric rehabilitation facilities. It is important to improve the current process, including selecting the most appropriate tools for assessing VSN.

Lipid utilisation during storage of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis megidis from Greece and the UK

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hara Menti ◽  
Mavji Patel ◽  
Denis Wright ◽  
Roland Perry
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Steinernema Feltiae ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Heterorhabditis Megidis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Uk

Abstract The total lipid (TL) content and the fatty acid composition of the different lipid classes in infective juveniles of Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis megidis isolates from Greece (GR) and from the United Kingdom (UK) were compared, and the changes during storage were determined. Steinernema feltiae GR had a greater amount of TL than S. feltiae UK, which was reflected in a greater neutral lipid (NL) content. The phospholipid and free fatty acid fractions of the two Steinernema populations were similar. The two Heterorhabditis populations did not differ in their lipid content. In both S. feltiae populations, NL decreased by ca 60% during the first 4 weeks but remained more or less stable during the next 16 weeks. In the two Heterorhabditis populations, NL decreased by ca 70% during the first 4 weeks and continued to decrease, with 3-5% remaining after 12 weeks. The fatty acid profiles and the percentages of saturation of NL and phospholipid fractions in each population were similar before and after storage.

Mainstreaming in response to superdiversity? The governance of migration-related diversity in France, the UK and the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Ilona van Breugel ◽  
Peter Scholten
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
Governance Strategy ◽  
Actor Networks ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Migrant Groups

This chapter examines whether, and if so, how and why, governance mainstreaming forms a suitable policy response to situations of superdiversity. The concept of governance refers to problem-solving strategies that are developed and implemented in complex networks of actors, including but certainly not limited to government institutions and government policies. The concept of governance mainstreaming has been developed more broadly in other areas such as gender, disability, and environmental governance. Building from this literature, the chapter defines mainstreaming of migration-related diversity as the effort to embed diversity in a generic approach across policy areas as well as policy levels, to establish a whole-society approach to diversity rather than an approach to specific migrant groups, in complex actor networks. The chapter then analyses patterns in the policy approaches to immigrant integration in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and France from the conceptual lens of governance mainstreaming, and considers how and why mainstreaming was developed as a governance strategy, and what role superdiversity played in the rationale for and the choice of strategy towards mainstreaming.

Restitution Policies on Nazi-Looted Art in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom: A Change from a Legal to a Moral Paradigm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabitha I. Oost
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Constant Tension ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Individual Ownership

Abstract:This article considers the constant tension facing several national panels in their consideration of Nazi spoliation claims concerning cultural objects. It will argue that this tension results from a shift in paradigms in dealing with Nazi-related injustices—from a strictly legal paradigm to a new victim groups-oriented paradigm, where addressing and recognizing the suffering caused by the nature of past crimes is central. While these national panels originate from this new paradigm and embody the new venues found for dealing with Nazi-looted art claims, this paradigm change at the same time presents these panels with a predicament. It seems impossible to abandon the legalist paradigm completely when remedying historical injustices in the specific category of cultural objects. Through a comparison between the Dutch and United Kingdom (UK) systems, this article will illustrate from both an institutional and substantive perspective that these panels seem to oscillate between policy-based, morality-driven proceedings (new paradigm) and a legal emphasis on individual ownership issues and restitution in kind (old paradigm). This article addresses this tension in order to provide insights on how we could conceptually approach and understand current restitution cases concerning Nazi-looted art in the Netherlands and the UK.

Handling adaptation policy choices in Sweden, Germany, the UK and the Netherlands

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Massey ◽  
Dave Huitema ◽  
Heiko Garrelts ◽  
Kevin Grecksch ◽  
Heleen Mees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Adaptation Policy ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Vague Concept ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Uk

Attention is increasing in academia towards the governance of adaptation, specifically how state and non-state actors are defining the adaptation ‘problematique’ and crafting public policies to address it. Adaptation is the ‘adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities’. The challenge for governments is taking this rather vague concept and turning it into viable and implementable public policies. This implies that they have to make choices as to the types of polices to create, the sectors they should cover, ministerial jurisdictions and funding. This article contributes to the discussion on the adaptation governance by presenting a conceptual framework that outlines policy choices governors need to make, by applying this framework to a number of countries, and starting the debate on which choice or choices were particularly instrumental in shaping adaptation policy in particular countries as a whole. It focuses on four countries traditionally seen to be adaptation leaders: Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document