scholarly journals Serological evidence of infection with Tana and Yaba pox viruses among several species of monkey

1974 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Downie
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
New World ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
South American ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Cynomolgus Monkeys

SUMMARYSera from cynomolgus monkeys from Malaysia, from Indian rhesus monkeys, from various species of monkeys from Africa and from South America have been examined for neutralizing antibody to Tanapox and Yaba viruses. No antibody was found to either virus in the sera of rhesus monkeys or South American monkeys. A certain proportion of sera from cynomolgus monkeys and various species of African monkey showed antibody to one or other of the viruses, but few of the positive sera showed antibody to both. The results would seem to suggest that infection with the two viruses is endemic in African and Malaysian monkeys but does not occur or is very rare in Indian rhesus and New World monkeys.

scholarly journals Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas A. Arnemann ◽  
Stephen H. Roxburgh ◽  
Tom Walsh ◽  
Jerson V.C. Guedes ◽  
Karl H.J. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
South American Continent

AbstractThe Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H. armigera spread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central Brazilian H. armigera mtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution of H. armigera mtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southern H. armigera populations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions of H. armigera into the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.

scholarly journals Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Andre Arnemann ◽  
Stephen Roxburgh ◽  
Tom Walsh ◽  
Jerson Guedes ◽  
Karl Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
South American Continent

AbstractThe Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H. armigera spread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central Brazilian H. armigera mtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution of H. armigera mtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southern H. armigera populations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions of H. armigera into the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.

Eocene primates of South America and the African origins of New World monkeys

Nature ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 520 (7548) ◽  
pp. 538-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano Bond ◽  
Marcelo F. Tejedor ◽  
Kenneth E. Campbell ◽  
Laura Chornogubsky ◽  
Nelson Novo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys

scholarly journals High susceptibility, viral dynamics and persistence of South American Zika virus in New World monkeys

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Berry ◽  
Claire Ham ◽  
Jo Hall ◽  
Adrian Jenkins ◽  
Elaine Giles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zika Virus ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
South American ◽  
Viral Dynamics ◽  
High Susceptibility

scholarly journals Serological evidence for Saint Louis encephalitis virus in free-ranging New World monkeys and horses within the upper Paraná River basin region, Southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walfrido Kühl Svoboda ◽  
Lívia Carício Martins ◽  
Luciano de Souza Malanski ◽  
Marcos Massaaki Shiozawa ◽  
Kledir Anderson Hofstaetter Spohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Serological Evidence ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Upper Paraná River ◽  
Upper Paraná River Basin ◽  
Basin Region ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Saint Louis Encephalitis

scholarly journals Simian homologues of human herpesvirus 8

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (1408) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blossom Damania ◽  
Ronald C. Desrosiers
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
New World ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Spider Monkeys ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Old World ◽  
Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

γ–Herpesviruses can be found in most primates including Old World an New World monkeys. The γ– herpesvirinae are grouped into two classes: lymphocryptoviruses (γ 1 ) and rhadinoviruses (γ 2 ). The lymphocryptoviruses include Epstein–Barr virus, lymphocryptovirus of rhesus monkeys, and Herpesvirus papio of baboons. Rhadinoviruses that infect New World monkeys include Herpesvirus saimiri , whose natural host is the squirrel monkey, and Herpesvirus ateles , which infects spider monkeys. Rhadinoviruses that infect hominoids and Old World monkeys include Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus, also known as HHV–8, and rhesus monkey rhadinovirus.

Electroborus brighti: the first Hylesinini bark beetle described from Dominican amber (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony I. Cognato
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
New World ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
South American ◽  
Dominican Amber

AbstractElectroborus brighti, new genus, new species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) is described based on two specimens from Dominican amber, which represents the first Hylesinini found in Dominican amber. A phylogenetic analysis of 24 Hylesinini species and a Strombophorus Hagedorn species based on morphological characters suggests E. brighti is not related to the Neotropical genus Phloeoborus Erichson, but shares a close affinity to African Hylesinini genera. The discovery of this new genus adds to the evidence that tropical South America and Africa shared similar faunas throughout evolutionary history. Although many Old World taxa have become extinct in the New World, the existence of E. brighti among Recent faunas is a possibility, given that the South American and African scolytine faunas are relatively poorly studied.

The larva of the genus Paracordulia Martin, 1907 (Odonata: Corduliidae s.s.) and a generic key to the larvae of Corduliidae s.l. occuring in South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3412 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
GÜNTHER FLECK ◽  
ULISSES G. NEISS
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Generic Level ◽  
First Time

The ultimate stadium of a larva of the genus Paracordulia Martin, 1907 is described and illustrated for the first time. Itrepresents the last New World corduliid larva unknown at the generic level. The reared female differs slightly from otherknown female specimens, and thus no species name can be assigned to it. A key to the South American genera of corduliid larvae is given.

Two new species of orb-weaving spiders of the genus Larinia (Araneae, Araneidae) in meridional Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4247 (1) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO OTT ◽  
EVERTON NEI LOPES RODRIGUES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
South American ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
World Distribution

The araneid genus Larinia Simon currently includes 56 species, eleven of them with New World distribution (World Spider Catalog, 2016). North American species of the genus were revised first time by Levi (1975) and South American species by Harrod et al. (1991). According to these authors there are four species known from subtropical South America (Larinia bivittata Keyserling 1885; L. montecarlo (Levi, 1988); L. t-notata (Tullgren, 1905); L. tucuman Harrod, Levi & Leibensperger, 1991) and also four species known from tropical South America (L. ambo Harrod, Levi & Leibensperger, 1991; L. directa (Hentz, 1847); L. lampa Harrod, Levi & Leibensperger, 1991; L. neblina Harrod, Levi & Leibensperger, 1991). According to Buckup et al. (2010) a total of 209 species of Araneidae are recorded for state of Rio Grande do Sul, including the three species L. bivittata, L. montecarlo and L. t-notata. 

Floral Biology and Reproduction in Poa (Poeae: Gramineae)

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 577 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Anton ◽  
HE Connor
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
New World ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
South American ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Indeterminate Form ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

Flowers in the cosmopolitan genus Poa L. are predominantly hermaphrodite but many departures from this sex form occur in the New World. Dioecism is primarily a South American breeding system with about three times as many dioecious species as in the rest of the world. Gynomonoecism is a Central and South American trait heavily represented in Andean Peru and Bolivia. This zone of gynomonoecism separates dioecism in North and South America. Gynodioecism, a convenient evolutionary position on the pathway to dioecism, is relatively infrequent and in North America is of indeterminate form in several taxa. Apomixis has long been recognised in European Pea; in western North America, apospory has invaded dioecious species and generated populations of pistillate plants. In Peru and Bolivia, several taxa are composed exclusively of plants with pistillate flowers, but these have arisen from gynomonoecious progenitors. Poa is of Eurasian origin and migrated to North America and thence to South America. Sex-form kinds and frequencies are in stark contrast in the two parts of the continent, but are explicable in evolutionary terms. The selection pressures generating the deviations from hermaphroditism and their timing are unknown.

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