Screening for hearing loss and middle-ear effusion in school-age children, using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions: a feasibility study

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 1299-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Georgalas ◽  
J Xenellis ◽  
D Davilis ◽  
A Tzangaroulakis ◽  
E Ferekidis
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

AbstractIntroduction:The characteristics of otoacoustic emissions that make them ideally suited for universal newborn hearing loss screening could potentially be useful for the screening of older children. This study was performed in order to assess the role of otoacoustic emissions in a screening programme for middle-ear disorders and hearing loss in school-age children.Methods:Cross-sectional, preliminary screening study.Setting:Primary schools of Argolida municipality, south-east Greece, between December 2004 and March 2005.Patient selection and recruitment:All the primary school students of Argolida were invited, by press releases and individually by their teachers, to attend a session of otological and audiological screening.Results:One hundred and ninety-six children were evaluated using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. Twenty per cent failed in both ears, while in 32 per cent otoacoustic emissions could not be produced in at least one ear. Younger children had higher rates of absent transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. The absence of otoacoustic emissions was highly correlated with tympanic membrane changes seen on otoscopy and the presence of a type B tympanogram. As a single screening modality, otoacoustic emissions had a 100 per cent sensitivity in diagnosing hearing loss worse than 30 dB, and a 90 per cent sensitivity and 64 per cent specificity in diagnosing hearing loss worse than 25 dB, which did not improve by adding tympanometry to the screening protocol.Conclusion:These results strongly suggest the potential usefulness of otoacoustic emission testing in screening school-age children for hearing loss. Further studies, taking into account cost-effectiveness issues, are indicated.

Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in Children after Cisplatin Chemotherapy

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory C. Allen ◽  
Christopher Tiu ◽  
Kazunari Koike ◽  
A. Kim Ritchey ◽  
Marcia Kurs-Lasky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Cumulative Dose ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Middle Ear Pressure ◽  
High Cumulative Dose ◽  
Middle Ear Disease

Little is known about cisplatin ototoxicity in pediatric patients. Measurement of otoacoustic emissions is a rapid, reproducible, objective method of evaluating hearing. We examined whether transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in pediatric patients exposed to cisplatin in the past correlated with audiographic findings. Twelve patients were entered into the study (mean age at treatment 7.8 years, mean cumulative dose 442.5 mg/mm2, mean 7.1 doses). Hearing at 3000 Hz was preserved in 82.6% of patients. In the higher frequencies significant sensorineural hearing loss was noted: 43.5% at 4 kHz; 81.0% at 6 kHz; and 90.5% at 8 kHz. Transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions were measurable in 11 of 12 patients. Middle ear disease accounted for abnormal otoacoustic emission seen in three patients (1 with effusion, 2 with significant negative middle ear pressure). When the middle ear was normal, a statistically significant correlation was seen between the transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions reproducibility and pure-tone threshold (correlation coefficient = −0.69, p = 0.008). Increased hearing loss was also associated with young age at first dose of cisplatin ( p = 0.044), high number of chemotherapy cycles ( p = 0.042), and high cumulative dose ( p = 0.042). (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:584–8.)

Analysis of Tympanometry of a Severe to Profound Hearing-Impaired Population of School-Age Children

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilda Morgenstern ◽  
Barbara Jones-Crymes
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Hearing Impaired ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Screening Technique ◽  
Impedance Audiometry

Impedance audiometry provides a reliable technique for identifying undetected middle ear pathologies in children with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss. In this study, tympanograms were obtained on 104 children with sensorineural hearing losses of 60 dB or more. The tympanograms were classified according to type and were compared for bilateral similarity. A high percentage of the younger children had abnormal tympanograms, with almost half of these children having the same type of abnormal tympanogram bilaterally. The use of impedance audiometry as a screening technique for hearing-impaired school-age children is discussed.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil Transmitted Helminthes Infection and Stunting Among School-aged Children in Ibadan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Ibrahim ◽  
M.K. Tijani ◽  
R. I. Nwuba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
And Control

AbstractBackgroundIn developing countries, infections caused by soil-transmitted helminthes (STH), such as Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm, pose major public health problems among the school-age children, resulting in impaired physical growth such as stunting and thinness, and cognitive development. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of STH infections, stunting and thinness, and risk factors among school-age-children in Ibadan. This becomes highly imperative in order to serve as a guide on the prevention and control.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria, between May and November 2018. All the school-age-children between the ages 5 and 18 years old (mean 10.4 ± 1.7 years), from primary one to six took part in the study. Demographic data were obtained and STH infections was analysed in single-stool samples by Kato-Katz. Anthropometric parameters were taken to calculate Height for-age Z score (HAZ) and Body-Mass-Index (BMI) for-age Z score (BAZ), in order to determine among school-aged-children stunting and thinness respectively.ResultsIn overall, 458 school-age-children partook in the study. The prevalence of STH was 9.0%, out of which 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively. The overall prevalence obtained revealed that the results of stunting and thinness (HAZ < -2SD, BAZ < -2SD) were 24.7% and 27.3% respectively based on the WHO Child Growth Standards (2007). Notably, ages of the children (P< 0.01), their classes (P=0.05), different schools (P=0.003), washing of hands after toileting (P = 0.05) were important risk factors determining STH infection, HAZ and BAZ.ConclusionThe study showed that specific risk factors among school children in the studied area will make them vulnerable with high risk of STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. Effective prevention and control strategies can be well planned when risk factors and dynamics of transmission in vulnerable groups have been painstakingly identified.SummaryAscaris, Trichuris and hookworm are responsible for major public health problems among the school-age children (SAC); this has led to stunting and thinness, and impaired cognitive development. With the aim to determine prevalence of STH infections, stunting, thinness and associated risk factors, a cross-sectional study of STH infection in 8 primary schools at Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria was conducted in 2018. School-aged children between the ages of 5 and 18 were enrolled, demographic data, stool samples and anthropometric parameters were obtained in order to determine STH infection and nutritional status. 9.0% was the prevalence of STH, the prevalence of 7.6%, 2.8% and 1.5% were recorded for Ascaris, Trichuris and multiparasitism respectively, while 24.7% and 27.3% were obtained for stunting and thinness respectively. The children’s age, hand washing after toileting and locations of the different schools were significantly correlated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ. This study is highly imperative because its shows some risk factors associated with STH infection, HAZ and BAZ among SAC, this can serve as a guide on the prevention and control among SAC.

scholarly journals The association between obesity and problematic smartphone use among school-age children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in Shanghai

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicong Ma ◽  
Jiangqi Wang ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Yingnan Jia
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Female Students ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problematic Smartphone Use ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Smartphone Use

Abstract Background The study aimed to investigate the association between content-based problematic smartphone use and obesity in school-age children and adolescents, including variations in the association by educational stage and sex. Methods Two-stage non-probability sampling was used to recruit 8419 participants from nineteen primary schools, five middle schools, and thirteen high schools in Shanghai in December 2017. Obesity was identified by body mass index (BMI), which was obtained from the school physical examination record, while problematic smartphone use was measured by the Revised Problematic Smartphone Use Classification Scale as the independent variable. Results The rates of obesity varied with educational stages, while problematic smartphone use increased with educational stages. Male students reported higher obesity rates (37.1%vs19.4%, P < 0.001) and greater problematic smartphone use scores (25.65 ± 10.37 vs 22.88 ± 8.94, P < 0.001) than female students. Problematic smartphone use for entertainment (smartphone users addicted to entertainment games, music, videos, novels and other applications) was positively associated to obesity status for primary school [odds ratio (OR), 1.030; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.005–1.057] and high school students (OR, 1.031; 95% CI, 1.004–1.059). For female students, problematic smartphone use for entertainment was positively associated with obesity status (OR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.018–1.075). Conclusions Problematic smartphone use may be associated with obesity in children and adolescents. The association differed based on the educational stage and sex, and the difference possessed dimensional specificity.

scholarly journals Effects of changes in dynamic characteristics of the middle ear on transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Sanja Spiric ◽  
Predrag Spiric ◽  
Dalibor Vranjes ◽  
Aleksandra Aleksic
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Acoustic Energy ◽  
Hearing Level ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Serous Otitis Media ◽  
Research Show

Transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions are transmitted through the middle ear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dynamic properties of the transmission system on the measurability of transient otoacoustic emissions. The authors analyzed the presence of transient otoacoustic emissions in 48 children with serous otitis media regarding the tympanogram, presence and type of effusion and pure tone average findings. The results obtained in this research show the predominant absence of transient otoacoustic emissions in patients with type B tympanogram (69.1%) especially if the effusion is mucoid (77.5%) with the hearing loss of 15 decibel hearing level. This research shows that disorders in dynamic characteristics of the middle ear in patients with serous otitis obstruct the transmission of acoustic energy and affect the measurability of transient otoacoustic emissions, especially if the effusion is mucoid and hearing loss of 15 decibel hearing level.

Evaluation of the incidence of malocclusions among school-age children in Lublin

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-166
Author(s):  
Andrzej Świrski ◽  
Katarzyna Olszewska ◽  
Maria Mielnik-Błaszczak ◽  
Krzysztof Owczarek
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class I ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Study Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Students ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Lower Incisors

The evaluation of the incidence of malocclusions is the first step to assess the demand for orthodontic treatment in a given population, to plan prophylactic activities, to set priorities for early treatment, and to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of therapeutic activities to be introduced. <b>Aim.</b> To assess malocclusions in primary school students at the age of 10–12 years in Lublin. The epidemiological study was aimed to assess the presence of dental abnormalities, but without complete specialised orthodontic diagnostics. <b>Material and methods.</b> The study group included 242 children at the age of 10–12 years, namely 118 girls and 124 boys who were students at randomly selected primary schools in Lublin. A clinical examination of the masticatory organ was conducted in school dental offices. <b>Results.</b> Normal occlusion was observed in 15.3% of children in the study group. Malocclusions ranging from mild to severe were observed in 84.7% of subjects. Class I malocclusion was diagnosed in 57% of the study group, class II – in 24.3%, and class III – in 3.3%. In a group of 10–12-year-old children the most common orthodontic abnormality included increased overbite that was observed in 52.1% of subjects, followed by crowding of lower incisors diagnosed in 45.9% of subjects. <b>Conclusions.</b> Among 10-12-year-old students of Lublin schools malocclusions were observed in the significant majority of children. Class I and class II malocclusions were predominant therapeutic needs in a group of 10-12-year-old children according to studies conducted. With regard to class I malocclusions the most frequently diagnosed abnormalities requiring orthodontic treatment included: increased overbite, crowding of lower incisors and transverse abnormalities. <b>(Świrski A, Olszewska K, Mielnik-Błaszczak M, Owczarek K. evaluation of the incidence of malocclusions among school-age children in Lublin. Orthod Forum 2017; 13: 153-66)</b>

scholarly journals REDUCE THE USE OF GADGETS: Parent’s coping strategies for children’s social development

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Asirotul Marifah ◽  
Naning Puji Suryantini
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social

Today's technological advances are very rapid and increasingly sophisticated with the creation of gadgets. Gadgets greatly affect the development of elementary school students, especially developments in social interaction. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the old usage of gadgets with the social development of school children. The design of this research is  correlation analysis with the cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were all 1-5 grade students at Jabon 2 Mojoanyar Elementary School in Mojokerto Regency with 125 children. The  sampling technique uses total sampling. The sample of this study amounted to 125 children. The  research instrument used a social development questionnaire. Data analysis using crosstab. The  results of this study indicate that most children use gadgets> 2 hours a day, 89 children (71.2%), and most school-age children have sufficient social development, 83 children (66.4%). The results of the crosstab analysis show that the longer children use gadgets, the less social development of children.  Children who use gadgets over time from the time limit specified by some experts make them addicted and less sensitive to the surrounding environment. Children tend to be individual and passive in interacting with their social environment and peers.   Keywords: Gadget, social Development, school-age children

scholarly journals A prospective study of body image dissatisfaction and BMI change in school-age children

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofra Duchin ◽  
Constanza Marin ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Carlos Mendes de Leon ◽  
Joyce M Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Body Shapes

AbstractObjectiveBody image dissatisfaction (BID) in school-age children is positively associated with weight status in cross-sectional studies; however, it is uncertain whether BID is a risk factor for the development of adiposity over time. The aim of the present study was to examine the association of BID with changes in BMI in school-age children.DesignLongitudinal study. At recruitment, children were asked to indicate the silhouette that most closely represented their current and desired body shapes using child-adapted Stunkard scales. Baseline BID was calculated as the difference of current minus desired body image. Height and weight were measured at recruitment and then annually for a median of 2·5 years. Sex-specific BMI-for-age curves were estimated by levels of baseline BID, using mixed-effects models with restricted cubic splines.SettingPublic primary schools in Bogotá, Colombia.SubjectsSix hundred and twenty-nine children aged 5–12 years.ResultsIn multivariable analyses, thin boys who desired to be thinner gained an estimated 5·8 kg/m2 more BMI from age 6 to 14 years than boys without BID (P = 0·0004). Heavy boys who desired to be heavier or thinner gained significantly more BMI than boys without BID (P = 0·003 and P = 0·007, respectively). Thin girls who desired to be heavier or thinner gained significantly less BMI than girls without BID (P = 0·0008 and P = 0·05, respectively), whereas heavy girls who desired to be heavier gained an estimated 4·8 kg/m2 less BMI than girls without BID (P = 0·0006). BID was not related to BMI change in normal-weight children.ConclusionsBID is associated with BMI trajectories of school-age children in a sex- and weight-specific manner.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Hearing Status of School-Age Children from Rural and Urban Areas of Mid-Eastern Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4299
Author(s):  
Edyta Pilka ◽  
W. Wiktor Jedrzejczak ◽  
Krzysztof Kochanek ◽  
Malgorzata Pastucha ◽  
Henryk Skarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of hearing loss in school-age children from rural and urban areas of mid-eastern Poland using standard audiological tests—pure tone audiometry (PTA), impedance audiometry (IA), and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). (2) Methods: Data were collected from a group of 250 children aged 8 to 13, made up of 122 children from urban areas and 128 children from rural areas of mid-eastern Poland. Hearing was assessed in each of the subjects by means of PTA, IA (tympanometry), and transient-evoked OAEs (TEOAEs). Otoscopy was also performed. (3) Results: There were significantly fewer abnormal results in children from urban than rural areas: they were, respectively, 10.1% and 23.1% for IA, 3% and 9.7% for PTA, and 17.3% and 31.8% for TEOAEs. For hearing-impaired ears in rural areas (failed TEOAE), hearing thresholds were, on average, 11.5 dB higher at 0.5 kHz than for children in urban areas. Comparison of each PTA result with the corresponding IA showed that all cases of hearing loss were related to malfunction of the middle ear. (4) Conclusions: The results of all three hearing tests were significantly worse in children from rural areas compared to those from urban areas. This indicates that audiological healthcare in rural areas needs improvement and that universal hearing screening programs for school-age children would be helpful.

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