A Change in the Forest: Myth and History in West Java

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wessing
Keyword(s):  
Social Boundaries ◽  
West Java ◽  
Linguistic Markers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Supernatural Explanation ◽  
The Village

The demarcation of boundaries is an important feature of the Sundanese social and geographical landscape. Markers indicating the limits of territories, ceremonial areas and the like abound. Linguistic markers indicate interpersonal social boundaries. Boundaries are generally regarded as places of danger and various supernatural entities are said to guard those between any two spheres in general. On Java generally, regularly recurring anniversaries, such as Idul Fitri and 1 Sura, the Javanese new year are marked with significant ceremonies such as bersih desa or petik laut or, in the past, rampok macan protecting the village or realm from evil.Less immediately obvious are boundaries in time, marking the transition between zaman, or eras. A change in era is of a different kind from the cyclical changes since by its very nature it is a non-repeating event. The topic of this paper is one such change in West Java, the change from Hindu rule to Islamic hegemony, and the mythology which consequently arose, providing a supernatural explanation for this quite powerful event.

scholarly journals Ethnozoological study of the wild pig (Sus spp.) hunting among Sundanese in Upper Citarum Watershed area, West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dede Mulyanto ◽  
Oekan Soekotjo Abdoellah ◽  
Johan Iskandar ◽  
Budhi Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
West Java ◽  
Watershed Area ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hunting Success ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Rural Ecosystem ◽  
The Village ◽  
Wild Pig

Abstract. Mulyanto D, Abdoellah OS, Iskandar J, Gunawan B. 2021. Ethnozoological study of the wild pig (Sus spp.) hunting among Sundanese in Upper Citarum Watershed area, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4930-4939. In the past, wild pigs had a high population in the rural ecosystem of West Java. However, the population of wild pigs, particularly Javan warty pig, decreases due to forest destructions and intensive hunting. This study aimed to elucidate the local knowledge on wild pigs, the mode of hunting, and diverse aspects of wild pig hunting. We conducted qualitative methods with ethnozoological approach, including participant observation and in-depth interview. The results showed that based on the local people the wild pig can be divided into four “races”, while based on zoology, two species of wild pig are documented in Java. During hunts all members get specific key roles. Thus, hunting success is increased by division of labor. Hunting wild pigs played an important role in socio-economic and cultural function for the village community. Due to intensive hunting of wild pigs, the population of these animals, particularly the Javan warty pig are decreased, and consequently the socio-economy of this animal in rural ecosystem may decrease ot even disappear.

scholarly journals RESILIENCE SYSTEM OF COMPLEX AGROFORESTRY WITH ALBIZIA AS THE MAIN STAND IN WEST JAVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Marcellinus M.B Utomo
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
West Java ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Albizia Falcataria ◽  
The Village

The dynamics in forest management in general as well as in agroforestry are always associated with ecological and social changes. For more than 30 years, the common pattern of community forests especially in West Java applies a complex agroforestry pattern. Currently, one of the most popular trees is albizia (Falcataria moluccana). However, in the past years, gall rust attack becomes a serious problem for the farmers. By borrowing a resilience system approach, this paper describes how a complex agroforestry resilience system with albizia as the primary stand is working in relation to providing sustainable livelihoods so far for the complex agroforestry farmers with all the dynamics especially in the last 10-20 years particularly related to gall rust attack. By selecting a research site in the village of Kalijaya, Ciamis District, West Java Province, this paper aims to understand how the resilience system works in this landscape. The understanding will be a baseline propose some recommendations for the landscape of the villages of Kalijaya specifically and the same type community forests in West Java in general in order to make agroforestry landscapes remain capable or even improving the farmer livelihood by anticipating various threats that may occur in the future by taking into consideration the role that can be undertaken by agroforestry-related parties.

Katalogisasi Naskah Sunda Kuno Koleksi Kabuyutan Ciburuy

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Mamat Ruhimat
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Past ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Historical Heritage

ABSTRAKTradisi tulis merupakan bukti kemajuan peradaban suatu bangsa. Naskah-naskahSunda Kuno yang ada saat ini merupakan peninggalan sejarah perjalanan bahasa dan budayaNusantara. Penelitian terhadap naskah-naskah Sunda Kuno tidak begitu banyak karenajumlah penelitinya sedikit. Bahkan katalog yang khusus mencatat naskah Sunda Kuno dimasyarakat pun belum ada. Katalogisasi Naskah Sunda Kuno di Jawa Barat merupakanupaya menginventarisasi dan mendokumentasi naskah-naskah Sunda Kuno di masyarakat.Katalogisasi juga merupakan direktori penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap naskah SundaKuno sehingga menjadi pembuka jalan bagi para peneliti yang ingin menggali kekayaanintelektual masa lalu. Katalogisasi naskah Sunda Kuno dimulai dari koleksi KabuyutanCiburuy di Kabupaten Garut. Kabuyutan ini menyimpan kurang lebih 30 kropak naskahSunda Kuno yang diperkirakan ditulis pada abad XVI-XVIII Masehi. Sebagian besar naskahlontar ini kondisinya rusak parah dan perlu penanganan yang serius. Dari ketiga puluhnaskah tersebut baru 15 naskah yang dapat diidentifikasi dan dibuat deskripsi lengkapnya.Kata kunci: Naskah, Katalog, Bahasa, BudayaABST RACTWritten tradition is evidence of the development of civilization of a nation. OldSundanese manuscripts still existing today is a historical heritage of linguistic and culturaljourneys of the Indonesian Archipelago. Unfortunately, most of the manuscripts are notappropriately preserved and from time to time continue to be damaged. Furthermore,the research on the Old Sundanese manuscripts is not so many due to the limited numberof the researchers. Even a catalogue especially listing Old Sundanese manuscripts in thesociety has not been made yet. The existing catalogues have only listed the manuscriptskept by the official institutions such as libraries and museums. Cataloging the OldSundanese manuscripts in West Java is one of the efforts to inventory and document theOld Sundanese manuscripts that are still scattered in the society, both stored in customaryinstitutions and personal collections. Cataloging is also a research directory that has everbeen conducted on Old Sundanese manuscripts, so it can be a pioneer for researchers whowant to explore the intellectual property in the past. As the first stage, cataloging theOld Sundanese manuscripts is started from the collection of Kabuyutan Ciburuy in GarutRegency. Kabuyutan stores approximately 30 compartments (kropak) of Old Sundanesemanuscripts that are estimated to have been written in the 16 to 18 century AD. Most ofthese manuscripts are badly damaged and need to be seriously taken care of. From thethirty manuscripts, only 15 manuscripts can be identified and can be completely described.Keywords: manuscript, catalogue, language, culture

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

scholarly journals FORECAST OF THE REFORMATION OF THE KRASNOYARSK RESERVOIR COASTAL ZONE IN THE KURTAK VILLAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
G.Yu. Yamskikh ◽  
A.V. Kozhukhovsky ◽  
K.V. Marusin ◽  
E.A. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Similar Type ◽  
Coastal Processes ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
The Village ◽  
Term Monitoring

The article presents the analysis and prediction of coastal processes at the site of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir in the village of Kurtak where there are the most intensive processes of coastal reshaping. Over the past 50 years, the coast has receded here by an average of 350 m and continues to actively collapse at a speed of 3-5 m per year. Despite the fact that the intensity of coastal processes in this area has significantly decreased (mainly due to the general decrease in the level of the Krasnoyarsk reservoir), the rate of retreat of the shore is still high. However, it can be concluded that for the researched area the coastal reshaping does not pose a real threat to economic activity in the next 30 years. The article tested various methods of forecasting coastal processes, selected the most appropriate for the shores of a similar type. Verification of models was carried out on the basis of data of long-term monitoring of the site under consideration, which gave the chance to compare results of forecasts on different techniques to real retreat of the coast on this site.

scholarly journals Practical values of Village Libraries and Community Libraries in West Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Pawit M Yusuf ◽  
Encang Saepuddin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Response ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Public Library ◽  
Value Of Life ◽  
Social Value ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Public ◽  
Culture History ◽  
The Village

The existence of the village library has a lot of value for the benefit of people's lives, however, the values in question still needs to be expressed more real in people's lives. The purpose of this study is to assess the values held by the village library and the public library in the village in West Java. Social values, the value of life, culture, history, communication and information, education, religion, preservation, symbol of civilization, archives, documentation, the value of continuity of knowledge between generations, and other values inherent to the function of the village library, are some examples of studies the focus of this study. The method used is the direct observation of village libraries and library communities in West Java. There are 13 village libraries sampled in this study. The results of this research illustrates that the presence of libraries in the villages received a positive response from the community at large. Libraries in the village has a lot of value benefits for many aspects of human life in the village. Some of these include social value, historical value, the value of documentation, and other values prevailing in society.

scholarly journals Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi Penambang Pasir Tradisional di Desa Mataraman (1960-2010)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Norhidayat Norhidayat ◽  
Rochgiyanti Rochgiyanti ◽  
Rusdi Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Sand Mining ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monetary Crisis ◽  
The Village

This research oriented at the traditional mining sand in the village of Mataraman that is the business sector labor-intensive and has long lasting. The purpose of this research is to know about the lives of the miners traditional sand in the village of Mataraman sub-district Banjar Regency. The worst of conditions happened in the past years 1995 to 2000, while the best conditions during this time is the condition post monetary crisis over five years is 2000 and 2005. Sand mining in the village Mataraman also provides role for the economy villagers Mataraman, provide jobs, and becomes a magnet the economic activities and expand their villages indirectly also bring economic impact to its villagers

scholarly journals Sekoper Cinta: Solusi Peningkatan Kualitas Perempuan di Tatar Sunda

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Neng Eri Sofiana
Keyword(s):  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
Violence Against Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Child Violence ◽  
And Control

<p><em>West Java for the past three years has been included in the top three provinces with the highest number of divorces and the highest rate of child violence. Ridwan Kamil and the Chief of the West Java PKK launched 'Sekoper Cinta' or women's school held by the DP3AKB which make an affort to empower women to achieve equality , participation, access, roles, benefits and control between women and men in all fields. This school has held a graduation ceremony for 2,700 women on October 22, 2019. This program is held to improve the quality of women so they can reduce the rate of divorce and violence against children. So, how is this program carried out in West Java, can it reduce the existing divorce rate? Can it be applied in other areas as a solution to protect women and children? In fact, Sekoper Cinta is able to make women and mothers more empowered and qualified with a lot of materials that encourage family resilience and economic independence, so that if applied it will certainly be able to reduce the divorce rate in West Java and this program can be used as guidelines and examples for other areas because the results are able to give freedom to women from gender injustice.</em></p><p> </p><p>Jawa Barat selama tiga tahun terakhir ini termasuk ke dalam tiga besar provinsi dengan jumlah perceraian terbanyak dan angka kekerasan anak terbesar. Ridwan Kamil beserta Ketua PKK Jawa Barat meluncurkan ‘Sekoper Cinta’ atau Sekolah Perempuan Capai Impian dan Cita-Cita sebagai sekolah khusus perempuan yang diadakan oleh Pemprov Jawa Barat dengan Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan Perlindungan Anak dan Keluarga Berencana (DP3AKB) yang berupaya dalam memberdayakan para perempuan demi mewujudkan kesetaraan, partisipasi, akses, peran, manfaat, dan kontrol antara perempuan dan laki-laki di semua bidang. Sekolah ini telah mengadakan wisuda bagi 2.700 perempuan pada 22 Oktober 2019 lalu. Program ini diadakan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas perempuan sehingga dapat menekan angka perceraian dan kekerasan terhadap anak. Maka, bagaimana program ini dilakukan di Jawa Barat, apakah dapat menekan angka perceraian yang ada? Apakah mampu diterapkan di wilayah lain sebagai solusi melindungi kaum perempuan dan anak? Ternyata, Sekoper Cinta mampu membuat perempuan dan ibu-ibu lebih berdaya dan berkualitas dengan sekian banyak materi yang mendorong kepada ketahanan keluarga dan kemandirian ekonomi, sehingga jika diaplikasikan tentu akan mampu menekan angka perceraian yang ada di Jawa Barat dan program ini dapat dijadikan pedoman serta contoh bagi wilayah lainnya karena hasilnya yang mampu memberi kebebasan kepada perempuan dari ketidakadilan gender.</p>

scholarly journals Rola języka w uwalnianiu się z dziedzicznych traum

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2(65)) ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcol
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

The Role of Language in Releasing from Inherited Traumas. Negotiations of the Social Position of the Silesian Minority in Serbian Banat The aim of the paper is to show the dependence between language, collective memory (also post-memory) and sense of identity. This issue is analysed using the example of an ethnic minority living in the village of Ostojićevo (Banat, Serbia) called ‘Toutowie.’ Their ancestors came in the 19th century from Wisła (Silesian Cieszyn, Poland); they left their homes because of great hunger and were looking for jobs in Banat. Narratives about the past contain traumatic experiences of the past generations transmitted in the Silesian dialect and constituting communicative memory. At the same time, a new Polish national identity is being constructed, supported by institutions and authorities; it carries a new image of the world and creates a new cultural memory. This new identity – shaped on the basis of national categories – leads to changes of its self-identification and gives the opportunity to raise its social position in the multi-ethnic Banat community.

scholarly journals Special Issue “Formal Approaches to Grammaticalization”: Introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Martín Fuchs ◽  
Joshua Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Semantic Representations ◽  
Semantic Change ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Linguistic Markers ◽  
The Past

Across languages and language families, it has been observed that some changes in the conventions of interpretation of specific functional meanings and their corresponding linguistic markers are not random, but follow clear and consistent patterns. In light of these systematicities, unidirectional grammaticalization “pathways” or “trajectories” have been proposed to capture these diachronic phenomena. Less well-understood, however, is how and why these particular changes occur, why they should be unidirectional or cyclic, and what (communicative) mechanisms and (semantic) representations support them. This special issue of PLSA assembles work from a number of scholars working across different empirical domains—and with different theoretical backgrounds and commitments—to take stock of both advances in this research program over the past decade, as well as the development of new ways of understanding semantic change phenomena.

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