Psychiatric aspects of railway fatalities

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The South ◽  
Dense Area ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
High Suicide Rate ◽  
National Statistics

SynopsisNational statistics for railway fatalities in England and Wales show a reduction of train crashes and a fluctuating level of deaths, of which an increasing proportion is from suicide. A closer examination of a two-year sample from the South of England revealed a large proportion of probable suicides and a small proportion of pure accidents. The remainder appeared to have medical, mainly psychiatric, contributions to their death, of which alcohol was an important factor in single young men. Rail suicides appear to be younger, the men less often married, the women more often married, and both sexes less often widowed than other suicides. They included more cases of major psychosis and neurosis, but fewer and less severe alcoholics. Characteristic patterns of this method of suicide are described with examples. Hypotheses to explain the choice of method suggest that it is not related to either volume of traffic, or residence in a rail-dense area or in an area with a high suicide rate, or the proximity of a psychiatric hospital.

A Study of Firesetters in the South-West of Ireland

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine H. O'Sullivan ◽  
Michael J. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
The South ◽  
High Suicide Rate ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
South West ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
West Of Ireland

A survey of 54 firesetters who had been in hospital or prison was conducted. The results confirmed earlier findings on several aspects, such as male predominance, unstable childhood and proclivity to self-injurious behaviour. Revenge emerged as the commonest motive overall and an association with alcohol was found. Only 11% of the fire-raising episodes, whether among hospital or prison groups, were truly trivial. Arsonists in prison and hospital had many features in common and generally were quite psychologically disturbed, which contrasted with those who set fires for profit. A poor outcome was found, with continuing self-harm and a high suicide rate. Our findings suggest that arson recidivism arises in at least 35% of arsonists.

scholarly journals Suicide rates in people of South Asian origin in England and Wales: 1993–2003

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwame McKenzie ◽  
Kamaldeep Bhui ◽  
Kiran Nanchahal ◽  
Bob Blizard
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
The South ◽  
Asian Origin ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
South Asian Origin ◽  
Suicide Rates

BackgroundLow rates of suicide in older men and high rates in young women have been reported in the South Asian diaspora worldwide. Calculating such suicide rates in the UK is difficult because ethnicity is not recorded on death certificates.AimsTo calculate the South Asian origin population suicide rates and to assess changes over time using new technology.MethodSuicide rates in England and Wales were calculated using the South Asian Name and Group Recognition Algorithm (SANGRA) computer software.ResultsThe age-standardised suicide rate for men of South Asian origin was lower than other men in England and Wales, and the rate for women of South Asian origin was marginally raised. In aggregated data for 1999–2003 the age-specific suicide rate in young women of South Asian origin was lower than that for women in England and Wales. The suicide rate in those over 65 years was double that of England and Wales.ConclusionsOlder, rather than younger, women of South Asian origin seem to be an at-risk group. Further research should investigate the reasons for these changes and whether these patterns are true for all South Asian origin groups.

Suicide in Dublin: I. The Under-reporting of Suicide and the Consequences for National Statistics

1975 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Desmond McCarthy ◽  
Dermot Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Suicide Rates

SummaryThis study of suicide in Dublin during 1964–1968 from coroners' records was undertaken to estimate the discrepancy between coroners' verdicts, the national suicide statistics compiled from them and the clinical assessment of probability of suicide by psychiatrists examining the same records. The large difference in numbers of suicides deriving from the two approaches has considerable implications for national suicide statistics, and these have been briefly considered. From the findings presented we believe that we are justified in concluding that: (a) there are real differences in national suicide rates, at least between Ireland, England and Wales, and Scotland, and (b) the Irish suicide rate is low, though not as low as official statistics suggest, and (c) the discrepancy between official and ‘true’ suicide rates in Ireland is greater than in England and Wales and in Scotland.

scholarly journals Effect of 11 September 2001 on suicide and homicide in England and Wales

2003 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Salib
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Group Integration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
External Threat ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe tragic events of 11 September 2001 and televised scenes of the terrorists' homicidal and suicidal acts could have had an impact on the behaviour of some people, who harbour suicidal ideation or homicidal tendencies.AimsTo assess the effect of 11 September 2001 on the rate of suicide and homicide in England and Wales.MethodAnalysis of the number of suicides (ICD–9 codes: E950–E959), undetermined injury deaths (E980–E989) and homicides (E960–E969) in England and Wales in the 12 weeks before and after 11 September 2001 and during a similar period in the previous two years.ResultsThe number of suicides reported in the month of September 2001 was significantly lower than other months in the same year and any September of the previous 22 years in England and Wales. A suicide reduction in men, regardless of age, occurred in the week starting Tuesday 11 September 2001. A reduction in female suicide occurred during the four weeks following the attack. There was no evidence of a similar effect on homicide.ConclusionsThe tragic events of 11 September 2001 appear to have had a brief but significant inverse effect on suicide. The finding of this study supports Durkheim's theory that periods of external threat create group integration within society and lower the suicide rate through the impact on social cohesion.

scholarly journals Sources And Movement of Icebergs in the South-West Ross Sea, Antarctica

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Keys ◽  
Dennis Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Small Proportion ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Ross Ice Shelf ◽  
South West ◽  
Fast Ice ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Coastal Strip

The shape, surface features, composition, and thickness of icebergs trapped annually in a 200 km long coastal strip of fast ice have been examined to determine their sources and movement. The thin western ice front of the Ross Ice Shelf seems to produce about 40% of the icebergs while local glaciers produce the remainder. The ice-shelf icebergs are carried west towards Ross Island then north up the western side of the Ross Sea. A small proportion of them gets trapped mainly by grounding on shallow areas of the sea floor which protrude across the regional long-shore currents.

Extended suicide

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
David Lester
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Serial Killers ◽  
High Suicide Rate ◽  
Extended Suicide

Analyses of individuals choosing to die in suicide pacts and by groups of people in mass suicides are presented. Those involved appear to differ demographically and psychologically from suicides acting alone. In addition, examples of murderers who died by suicide after killing are presented, including mass murderers who have a high suicide rate and serial killers who have a much lower suicide rate than do mass murderers. In other cases, individuals chose suicide after murdering family members, sometimes in mercy killings but often after murdering family members. Today people appear to want company in death, and why suicide pacts, even between strangers, are becoming more common. Suicide is increasingly moving from being a solitary act to becoming a social behaviour.

The Pig Industry of the South-West

1948 ◽  
Vol 1948 (02) ◽  
pp. 47-66
Author(s):  
S. T. Morris
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
South West ◽  
Home Consumption

In the decade up to the outbreak of World War II. in 1939, the counties of Devon and Cornwall accounted for nearly 10% of the pig population of England and Wales. It is an exporting area for all classes of livestock, but the preponderance of exports over home consumption is indicated in pigs more than any other class of livestock as the figures in Table I., based on information obtained in a survey into the movements and slaughtering of livestock in 1930, show.*

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