Improvement in prefrontal thalamic connectivity during the early course of the illness in recent-onset psychosis: a 12-month longitudinal follow-up resting-state fMRI study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel Bergé ◽  
Tyler A. Lesh ◽  
Jason Smucny ◽  
Cameron S. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Clinical Meaning ◽  
Mixed Pattern ◽  
The Right ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Previous research in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has shown a mixed pattern of disrupted thalamocortical connectivity in psychosis. The clinical meaning of these findings and their stability over time remains unclear. We aimed to study thalamocortical connectivity longitudinally over a 1-year period in participants with recent-onset psychosis. Methods To this purpose, 129 individuals with recent-onset psychosis and 87 controls were clinically evaluated and scanned using rs-fMRI. Among them, 43 patients and 40 controls were re-scanned and re-evaluated 12 months later. Functional connectivity between the thalamus and the rest of the brain was calculated using a seed to voxel approach, and then compared between groups and correlated with clinical features cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Results At baseline, participants with recent-onset psychosis showed increased connectivity (compared to controls) between the thalamus and somatosensory and temporal regions (k = 653, T = 5.712), as well as decreased connectivity between the thalamus and left cerebellum and right prefrontal cortex (PFC; k = 201, T = −4.700). Longitudinal analyses revealed increased connectivity over time in recent-onset psychosis (relative to controls) in the right middle frontal gyrus. Conclusions Our results support the concept of abnormal thalamic connectivity as a core feature in psychosis. In agreement with a non-degenerative model of illness in which functional changes occur early in development and do not deteriorate over time, no evidence of progressive deterioration of connectivity during early psychosis was observed. Indeed, regionally increased connectivity between thalamus and PFC was observed.

scholarly journals Resting-state neural network disturbances that underpin the emergence of emotional symptoms in adolescent girls: resting-state fMRI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gin S. Malhi ◽  
Pritha Das ◽  
Tim Outhred ◽  
Richard A. Bryant ◽  
Vince Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Right

BackgroundSubsyndromal emotional symptoms in adolescence may represent precursors for full-blown emotional disorders in early adulthood. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms that drive this development is essential for prevention.AimsSelf-referential processing and emotion regulation are remodelled substantively during adolescence, therefore this study examined integration of key neural networks involved in these processes.MethodAt baseline, clinical and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected for 88 adolescent girls (mean age 15 years), and 71 of these girls underwent repeat clinical assessment after 2 years. These 71 girls were then partitioned into two groups depending on the presence (ES+) or absence (ES−) of emotional symptoms, and differences in dynamic functional network connectivity were determined and correlated with clinical variables.ResultsThe two groups displayed a differential pattern of functional connectivity involving the left lateral prefrontal network (LPFN). Specifically, in the ES+ group this network displayed positive coupling with the right LPFN but negative coupling with the default mode network, and the inverse of this pattern was found in the ES− group. Furthermore, the coupling strengths between left and right LPFN at the irst time point predicted follow-up depression and state anxiety scores.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that in adolescent girls, emotional symptoms may emerge as a result of impaired integration between networks involved in self-referential information processing and approach-avoidance behaviours. These impairments can compromise the pursuit of important goals and have an impact on emotion processing and finally may lead to the development of emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression in adulthood.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Brain functional changes in patients with botulism after illegal cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin: A resting-state fMRI study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge-Fei Li ◽  
Shiyu Ban ◽  
Mengxing Wang ◽  
Jilei Zhang ◽  
Haifeng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Botulinum Toxin A ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Brain functional changes in patients with Crohn's disease: A resting‐state fMRI study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Li ◽  
Jie Ma ◽  
Jian‐Guang Xu ◽  
Yan‐Ling Zheng ◽  
Qian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Fmri Study

Depletion of brain functional connectivity enhancement leads to disability progression in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal resting-state fMRI study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 1695-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Faivre ◽  
Emmanuelle Robinet ◽  
Maxime Guye ◽  
Celia Rousseau ◽  
Adil Maarouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Background: The compensatory effect of brain functional connectivity enhancement in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) remains controversial. Objective: To characterize the relationships between brain functional connectivity changes and disability progression in RRMS. Methods: Long-range connectivity, short-range connectivity, and density of connections were assessed using graph theoretical analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired in 38 RRMS patients (disease duration: 120 ± 32 months) and 24 controls. All subjects were explored at baseline and all patients and six controls 2 years later. Results: At baseline, levels of long-range and short-range brain functional connectivity were higher in patients compared to controls. During the follow-up, decrease in connections’ density was inversely correlated with disability progression. Post-hoc analysis evidenced differential evolution of brain functional connectivity metrics in patients according to their level of disability at baseline: while patients with lowest disability at baseline experienced an increase in all connectivity metrics during the follow-up, patients with higher disability at baseline showed a decrease in the connectivity metrics. In these patients, decrease in the connectivity metrics was associated with disability progression. Conclusion: The study provides two main findings: (1) brain functional connectivity enhancement decreases during the disease course after reaching a maximal level, and (2) decrease in brain functional connectivity enhancement participates in disability progression.

scholarly journals Inflammation is Correlated with Abnormal Functional Connectivity in Unmedicated Bipolar Depression: A Resting State FMRI Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guixian Tang ◽  
Pan Chen ◽  
Guanmao Chen ◽  
Shuming Zhong ◽  
Jiaying Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Inflammation might play a role in bipolar disorder (BD), but it remains unclear the relationship between inflammation and brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with BD. In this study, we focused on the alterations of functional connectivity (FC), peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines and their correlations to investigate the role of inflammation in FC in BD depression.Methods In this study, 42 unmedicated patients with BD II depression and 62 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was performed in all participants and independent component analysis (ICA) was used. Serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured in all participants. Correlation between FC values and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in BD was calculated.Results Compared with the HCs, BD II patients showed decreased FC in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) implicating the limbic network and the right precentral gyrus implicating the somatomotor network (SMN). BD II showed increased IL-6 (P = 0.039), IL-8 (P = 0.002) levels. Moreover, abnormal FC in the right precentral gyrus were inversely correlated with the IL-8 (r=-0.458, P = 0.004) levels in BD II. No significant correlation was found between FC in the left OFC and cytokines levels.Conclusions Our findings that serum IL-8 levels is associated with impaired FC in the right precentral gyrus in BD II patients suggest that inflammation might play a crucial role in brain functional abnormalities in BD.

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