The Limits of U.N. Intervention in the Third World

1968 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest W. Lefever
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Third World ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
State Building ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
The Third World

The strangely unreal debate on the feasibility of United Nations intervention in Rhodesia or South Africa (to overthrow “colonialist” regimes) or in Vietnam (to stop or deescalate a war) would benefit from a more serious examination of the largest and most daring U.N. experiment on record. The Congo peacekeeping operation was unique, controversial and costly. The growing body of empirical data about this four-year operation provides a solid basis for understanding the severe limits of the United Nations as an instrument for political reform and crisis management in the Third World, to say nothing of the more difficult tasks of state-building and nation-building.

Globalization and the death of liberal democracy

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Cammack
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Third World ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
The State ◽  
The West ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World

It is doubtful as to whether the countries of the Third World are likely to move to the kind of liberal democracy that is regarded as characteristic of the West. In particular, parties are often remaining ‘parties of the State’ and not organizations truly competing with each other. This is in part a consequence of economic globalization, as the requirements of global economic liberalization do not fit with the requirements of democracy. In such a context, clientelism around the State may be inevitable and it contributes to ensuring that the main party in the country, and indeed all parties become ‘parties of the State’, as is the case in Mexico or Malaysia and perhaps in the Ukraine and South Africa. Thus, globalization does not mean the end of the State, but possibly the end of liberal democracy.

scholarly journals The Production and Consumption of Cultural Villages in South Africa: A Decolonial Epistemic Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Ndlovu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Third World ◽  
The Third ◽  
The People ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Tourism Studies ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Epistemic Perspective

While many of the peoples who exist in the ‘spatio-temporal’ construct known as the postcolonial world today are convinced that they have succeeded – through anticolonial and anti-imperial struggles – to defeat colonial domination, the majority of the people of the same part of the world have not yet reaped the freedoms which they aimed to achieve. The question that emerges out of the failure to realise the objectives of anti-colonial and anti-imperial struggles by the people of the Third World after a number of years of absence of juridical-administrative colonial and apartheid systems is to what extent did the people who sought to dethrone colonial domination understand the complexity of the colonial system? And to what end did the ability and/or inability to master the complexity of the colonial system affect the process of decolonization? Through the case study of the production and consumption of cultural villages in South Africa, this article deploys a de-colonial epistemic perspective to reveal, within the context of tourism studies, the complexity of the colonial system and why a truly decolonized postcolonial world has so far eluded the people of the developing world.

scholarly journals Postmoderne epistemologie en postkoloniale hermeneutiek

2004 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andries G. Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Third World ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Postcolonial Studies ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Biblical Texts ◽  
The Third World

Postmodern epistemology and postcolonial hermeneuticsPostcolonial hermeneutics is concerned with linguistic, cultural and geographical transfer. Within the framework of biblical studies it explores strategies of interpreting texts from the situation of previously colonised people who are accommodated in a new liberated context, but find themselves both included and excluded. Biblical texts are historically considered to be both the products of people who were subjected to the exploitation of Middle-Eastern and Graeco-Roman super powers and interpreted today in the third world by people who also were subjects of modern colonial powers. Postcolonial studies represent a postmodern epistemology which implies a deconstructive approach to hermeneutics. The article consists of five “preludes”, introducing postmodern epistemology, postcolonial hermeneutics, postcolonial biblical studies, and unlocking potential biblical research in South Africa.

Malayanised Chinese-Language Cinema

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-164
Author(s):  
Wai-Siam Hee
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
The Third ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Way

The fifth chapter discusses how the Singaporean Chinese director Yi Shui created a Malayanised Chinese-language cinema during the 1950s and ’60s and offers a retrospective of the way people in Malaya and Singapore framed their nation-building discourse in relation to anti-colonialism and anti-imperialism after the Bandung Conference in 1955. This chapter rereads Yi Shui’s On Issues of the Malayanisation of Chinese-Language Cinema, examining its ‘Chinese-language cinema’ against the context of the Third World politics of ‘Malayanisation’ in the 1950s and ’60s. The chapter explores how Chinese-language cinema settles and resolves the diverse linguistic and cultural identities of Singaporean and Malayan Chinese audiences with varying backgrounds. ‘Chinese language’, as a term including both Mandarin and topolects, becomes a bargaining chip for Chinese-speaking peoples to resist the dual political oppression of English- and Malay-speaking groups. This chapter also analyses Yi Shui’s Chinese-language cinema practice through examining contemporary discourse and debates in Singaporean and Malayan periodicals on Malayanised Chinese-language cinema. The semi-documentary Third World film The Lion City and the melodrama Black Gold, set in a tin mine, feature multiple coexisting Chinese languages and attempt to mediate the misunderstandings rooted in the national boundaries and politics of various topolect groups.

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