The sluttified sex: Verbal misogyny reflects and reinforces gender order in wireless China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Jing-Schmidt ◽  
Xinjia Peng
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
Discourse Practice ◽  
Chinese Social Media ◽  
The Way

AbstractThis article describes emerging misogynistic labels involving the morphemebiăo‘slut’ as a gendered personal suffix in the Chinese cyber lexicon. We analyze the morphological, semantic, and cognitive processes behind their coinage, and the way they are used across gender lines in Chinese social media as a community of discourse practice. Our findings show that women participate in female pejoration as much as men do, and that men are more inclined than women to use pejorative labels that specifically attack female empowerment. Additionally, men construct masculinity and power by using certain misogynistic labels as generics. We argue that verbal misogyny is part and parcel of a larger gender ideology by illuminating the mutual constitution of the linguistic pejoration of women and the gender order in postreform China. This study has implications for research on women's conditions in contemporary China, raises awareness of gender inequality, and lays the groundwork for social actions toward gender equality. (Gender, sexism, neologism, social media, Chinese)*

Japan gender equality policies have economic goals

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Criminal Penalties ◽  
Ruling Party ◽  
The Way

Subject Gender inequality in Japan. Significance The need to improve gender equality has been discussed in Japan for decades, but progress has been slow or non-existent. Impacts The extent of the gendering of elected politics in Japan up until now suggests that progress will be slow. Generational change will likely be needed before the ruling party can field more female candidates. Laws against sexual harassment are more likely to be framed in terms of compensation rather than fines or criminal penalties. Businesses oppose tougher laws against sexual harassment, fearing they will open the way for a flood of lawsuits.

The Gender-Binary Cycle

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamar Saguy ◽  
Michal Reifen Tagar ◽  
Daphna Joel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Proper Order ◽  
Binary Cycle

Gender inequality is one of the most pressing issues of our time. A core factor that feeds gender inequality is people’s gender ideology - a set of beliefs about the proper order of society in terms of the roles women and men should fill. We argue that gender ideology is shaped, in large parts, by the way people make sense of gender differences. Specifically, people often think of gender differences as expressions of a predetermined biology, and of men and women as different "kinds". We describe work suggesting that thinking of gender differences in this biological-essentialist way perpetuates a non-egalitarian gender ideology. We then review research that refutes the hypothesis that men and women are different "kinds" in terms of brain function, hormone levels, and personality characteristics. Next, we describe how the organization of the environment in a gender-binary manner, together with cognitive processes of categorization drive a biological-essentialist view of gender differences. We then describe the self-perpetuating relations, which we term the gender-binary cycle, between a biological-essentialist view of gender differences, a non-egalitarian gender ideology, and a binary organization of the environment along gender lines. Finally, we consider means of intervention at different points in this cycle.

scholarly journals Analyzing gender inequality through large-scale Facebook advertising data

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (27) ◽  
pp. 6958-6963 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garcia ◽  
Yonas Mitike Kassa ◽  
Angel Cuevas ◽  
Manuel Cebrian ◽  
Esteban Moro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
Facebook Advertising

Online social media are information resources that can have a transformative power in society. While the Web was envisioned as an equalizing force that allows everyone to access information, the digital divide prevents large amounts of people from being present online. Online social media, in particular, are prone to gender inequality, an important issue given the link between social media use and employment. Understanding gender inequality in social media is a challenging task due to the necessity of data sources that can provide large-scale measurements across multiple countries. Here, we show how the Facebook Gender Divide (FGD), a metric based on aggregated statistics of more than 1.4 billion users in 217 countries, explains various aspects of worldwide gender inequality. Our analysis shows that the FGD encodes gender equality indices in education, health, and economic opportunity. We find gender differences in network externalities that suggest that using social media has an added value for women. Furthermore, we find that low values of the FGD are associated with increases in economic gender equality. Our results suggest that online social networks, while suffering evident gender imbalance, may lower the barriers that women have to access to informational resources and help to narrow the economic gender gap.

scholarly journals Social Media as a tool to advance Women In Cardiology: paving the way for gender equality and diversity

CJC Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nooshin Beygui ◽  
Disha Bahl ◽  
Christina Mansour ◽  
Erin D. Michos ◽  
Poonam Velagapudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Equality And Diversity ◽  
The Way

Never Mind Patriarchy, But Do Mention the War! Reflections on the Absence of Gender History from the House of European History

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-377
Author(s):  
Ann Ighe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
European History ◽  
European Identity ◽  
Gender History ◽  
European Unification ◽  
The Way

This article explores the absence of a consistent longer historical narrative about gender relations in European history, as the latter is presented in the recently opened House of European History in Brussels and, to some extent, in the European Parliament’s visitor centre, Parlamentarium. It is argued that gender equality is presented as part of a modern European identity, but that it is a phenomenon that isn’t given such a problematic history as many other phenomena – gender inequality is not construed as a part of European history in the way that, for example, totalitarianism and colonialism are. Gender inequality isn’t seen and constructed as a previous challenge to European unification and integration, and therefore gender equality can’t be perceived as a solution to a relevant problem in the narratives at hand.

The gender-binary cycle: the perpetual relations between a biological-essentialist view of gender, gender ideology, and gender-labelling and sorting

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1822) ◽  
pp. 20200141
Author(s):  
Tamar Saguy ◽  
Michal Reifen-Tagar ◽  
Daphna Joel
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Proper Order ◽  
Binary Cycle ◽  
And Gender

Gender inequality is one of the most pressing issues of our time. A core factor that feeds gender inequality is people's gender ideology—a set of beliefs about the proper order of society in terms of the roles women and men should fill. We argue that gender ideology is shaped, in large parts, by the way people make sense of gender differences. Specifically, people often think of gender differences as expressions of a predetermined biology, and of men and women as different ‘kinds’. We describe work suggesting that thinking of gender differences in this biological-essentialist way perpetuates a non-egalitarian gender ideology. We then review research that refutes the hypothesis that men and women are different ‘kinds’ in terms of brain function, hormone levels and personality characteristics. Next, we describe how the organization of the environment in a gender-binary manner, together with cognitive processes of categorization drive a biological-essentialist view of gender differences. We then describe the self-perpetuating relations, which we term the gender-binary cycle , between a biological-essentialist view of gender differences, a non-egalitarian gender ideology and a binary organization of the environment along gender lines. Finally, we consider means of intervention at different points in this cycle. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The political brain: neurocognitive and computational mechanisms’.

MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
PHILIP ADEBO
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Way

The emergence of mobile connectivity is revolutionizing the way people live, work, interact, and socialize. Mobile social media is the heart of this social revolution. It is becoming a global phenomenon as it enables IP-connectivity for people on the move. Popular social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and MySpace have made mobile apps for their users to have instant access from anywhere at any time. This paper provides a brief introduction into mobile social media, their benefits, and challenges.

Instrumenty polityki równości płci w kontekście sytuacji w Polsce

2016 ◽  
pp. 88-109
Author(s):  
Wiktoria Domagała
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Nations

The article undertakes the issue of gender equality policies in the context of its indicators. The main purpose of the paper is to identify the areas of gender inequality, its scale and determinants. Firstly, the article presents the legislation of gender equality policies – its main objectives. Next, the paper discusses indicators that were implemented by organisations such as the Organisation of the United Nations and the European Union. These selected indicators are presented, taking into account the situation in Poland. In conclusion, the paper highlights the main obstacles to the pursuit of equal opportunities for women and men in Poland.

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