scholarly journals Serum-Positive and -Negative AQP4 Antibody NMO in Chinese Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youming Long ◽  
Zhengqi Lu ◽  
Xueqiang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Positive Antibody ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Aqp4 Antibody ◽  
Virchow Robin Space

Objective:To compare the clinical features of our sero-negative and sero-positive neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients.Methods:Thirty-nine patients with NMO were recruited and analyzed retrospectively. Serum aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody status was determined by a cell-based assay. For the sero-negative patients, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples were re-tested using the cell-based assay and an indirect immunofluorescence assay.Results:By the cell-based assay, 30 patients (76.92%, 30/39), were positive for AQP4 antibodies in serum and 37 patients (94.9%, 37/39), had a CSF-positive antibody status. Seven NMO patients (17.9%, 7/39) were sero-negative by the cell-based assay but demonstrated positive CSF results. By indirect immunofluorescence, the remaining two patients, who had no AQP4 antibodies in serum or CSF by the cell-based assay, were positive for IgG antibodies in serum, which selectively targeted the central nervous system microvessels, pia, subpia, Virchow-Robin space, kidney, and stomach. There were no significant differences between the sero-positive and sero-negative NMO groups among their demographic and clinical data.Conclusions:Repeating the test using a different assay or CSF is helpful to clarify whether sero-negative NMO patients do in fact carry AQP4 antibodies.

scholarly journals A case of human monocytic ehrlichiosis in Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Arsic ◽  
Ana Gligic ◽  
Elizabeta Ristanovic ◽  
Branislav Lako ◽  
Aleksandar Potkonjak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
High Fever ◽  
Tick Bite ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Ehrlichia Chaffeensis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
History Of

Introduction. Ehrlichiosis is a bacterial zoonosis transmitted by hematophagous arthropods - ticks. In humans, it occurs as monocytic, granulocytic, and ewingii ehrlichiosis. Pathological process is based on parasitic presence of Ehrlichia organisms within peripheral blood cells - monocytes and granulocytes. Case Outline. Fifty-two year old patient was admitted to hospital due to high fever of over 40?C that lasted two days, accompanied with chills, muscle aches, malaise, loss of appetite, headache, confusion, breathing difficulties, and mild dry cough. The history suggested tick bite that occurred seven days before the onset of disease. Doxycycline was introduced and administered for 14 days, causing the disease to subside. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to analyze three serum samples obtained from this patient for Ehrlichia chaffeensis antibodies, and peripheral blood smear was evaluated for the presence of Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia aggregation into morulae. Conclusion. Ehrlichiosis should be considered in each case where there is a history of tick bite together with the clinical picture (high fever, chills, muscle aches, headache, generalized weakness and malaise, and possible maculopapular rash). The presence of Ehrlichia chaffeensis antibodies was confirmed in a patient with the history of tick bite, appropriate clinical picture and indirect immunofluorescence assay. This confirmed the presence of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, a disease that is uncommonly identified in our country.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Four Commercially Available Epstein-Barr Virus Enzyme Immunoassays with an Immunofluorescence Assay as the Reference Method

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara C. Gärtner ◽  
Ralf D. Hess ◽  
Dirk Bandt ◽  
Alexander Kruse ◽  
Axel Rethwilm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassays ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

ABSTRACT Four commercially available enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) (Novitec, Biotest, Virotech, and DiaSorin) were evaluated, with an indirect immunofluorescence assay as the reference method, for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) VCA (viral capsid antigen) immunoglobulin G (IgG), VCA IgM, or EBNA (EBV nuclear antigen) IgG at three different locations (Homburg, Stuttgart, and Dresden). Serum samples from 66 immunocompetent patients with infectious mononucleosis, 73 patients without prior EBV infection, and 96 patients with past EBV infections and 29 serum samples with possible cross-reactions to other herpesviruses were included. In addition, 25 samples from an extensively pretested panel that is commercially available (Boston Biomedica) were tested. Each sample was tested at only one location. The four EIAs varied considerably in performance. When analyzing for EBV diagnosis, the Novitec assay performed the best, with 4.9% discrepant diagnoses, followed by the Biotest, Virotech, and DiaSorin assays, with 6.8, 11.7, and 14.0% discrepant diagnoses, respectively. On the basis of single-parameter analysis, the Novitec assay also showed the lowest number of discrepant results, with 3.5%, compared with the Virotech, Biotest, and DiaSorin assays, which produced 5.4, 6.4, and 8.6% discrepant results, respectively. VCA assays using affinity-purified native antigens performed better than assays with recombinant or synthetic antigens. The synthetic EBNA-1s showed the lowest concordance with the reference compared to recombinant p72. Commercially available EBV EIAs differed considerably in performance; however, some proved to be reliable and convenient alternatives to the indirect immunofluorescence assay for routine diagnostics. Native antigens, rather than synthetic peptides, are favored for EBV serology testing.

scholarly journals Antiphospholipase A2Receptor Autoantibodies: A Comparison of Three Different Immunoassays for the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Behnert ◽  
Mario Schiffer ◽  
Janina Müller-Deile ◽  
Laurence H. Beck ◽  
Michael Mahler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Quantitative Correlation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Circulating Autoantibodies

Background. The recent identification of circulating autoantibodies directed towards the M-type phospholipase A2receptor (PLA2R) has been a major advancement in the serological diagnosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. The goal of this study was to compare the performance characteristics of two commercial assays as well as the first addressable laser bead immunoassay (ALBIA) developed for the detection of anti-PLA2R antibodies.Methods.Serum samples of 157 IMN patients and 142 controls were studied. Samples were tested by a cell based immunofluorescence assay (CBA-IFA, Euroimmun, Germany), by ELISA (Euroimmun), and by a novel ALBIA employing an in vivo expressed recombinant human PLA2R.Results. Overall, the three assays showed significant qualitative and quantitative correlation. As revealed by receiver operating characteristic analysis, the ALBIA correlated better with the CBA-IFA than the ELISA (P=0.0003). The clinical sensitivities/specificities for IMN were 60.0% (51.0–68.5%)/98.6% (95.0–99.8%) and 56.2% (47.2–64.8%)/100.0% (97.4–100.0%) for ALBIA and CBA-IFA, respectively.Conclusion. The ALBIA represents a promising assay for the detection of anti-PLA2R antibodies showing similar performance to the CBA-IFA and the advantage of ease of use and suitability for high throughput, rapid turnaround times, and multiplexing.

scholarly journals Serosurvey of Rickettsia spp. in small mammals from Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina de Campos Binder ◽  
Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽  
Jonas Sponchiado ◽  
Geruza Leal Melo ◽  
Jonas Moraes-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate exposure of wild small mammals to spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae in Mato Grosso do Sul State, central-western Brazil. Serum samples of 68 small mammals were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) against six Rickettsia species from Brazil. Overall, 37.5% (9/24) marsupials and 6.8% (3/44) small rodents were seroreactive to at least one of the Rickettsia species, with end point titres ranging from 64 to 512. These results suggested that wild small mammals were infected by SFG rickettsiae, and could participate in the ecology of rickettsiae in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

scholarly journals Establishment of a peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies against PRRSV M protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Rubo Zhang ◽  
Ling Zhu ◽  
Huidan Deng ◽  
Fengqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inactivated Vaccine ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Peptide Elisa

Abstract Background Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases affecting the swine industry globally. Evaluation of antibody responses and neutralizing antibody titers is the most effective method for vaccine evaluation. In this study, the B cell line epitopes of PRRSV M protein were predicted, and two peptide ELISA assays were established (M-A110-129 ELISA, M-A148-174 ELISA) to detect antibodies against PRRSV M protein. Field serum samples collected from pig farms were used to validate the peptide ELISA and compare it with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Results The sensitivity and specificity of M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA were (111/125) 88.80%, (69/70) 98.57% and (122/125) 97.60%, (70/70) 100%, relative to indirect immunofluorescence assay. This peptide ELISA could detect antibodies against different genotypes of PRRSV including type 1 PRRSV, classical PRRSV, HP-PRRSV, and NADC30 like PRRSV, but not antibodies against other common swine viruses. The results of ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA were 0.967 and 0.996, respectively. Compared the concordance of results using two peptide ELISA assays, the IDEXX PRRSV X3 Ab ELISA and a virus neutralization test, were assessed using a series of 147 sera from pigs vaccinated with the NADC30-like PRRSV inactivated vaccine. The M-A148-174 ELISA had the best consistency, with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient of 0.8772. The concordance rates of the Hipra PRRSV ELISA kit, M-A110-129 ELISA and M-A148-174 ELISA in the field seropositive detection results were 91.08, 86.32 and 95.35%, relative to indirect immunofluorescence assay. Conclusions In summary, compared with M-A110-129 ELISA, the PRRSV M-A148-174 ELISA is of value for detecting antibodies against PRRSV and the evaluation of the NADC30-like PRRSV inactivated vaccine, but the advantage is insufficient in serological early diagnosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay for Detection of Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG Antibodies against Yellow Fever Virus

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Niedrig ◽  
Oliver Kürsteiner ◽  
Christian Herzog ◽  
Karen Sonnenberg
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igm Antibodies

ABSTRACT The first commercial indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using Euroimmun Biochip technology was evaluated for the serodiagnosis of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies against yellow fever virus (YFV) and was compared with the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), which is currently the gold standard test for YFV. An overall correlation between the tests of 98.7% was established based on the analysis of 150 sera from individuals after vaccination with the 17D yellow fever vaccine. The sensitivity and specificity, calculated using the 150 sera from vaccinees and 150 sera from healthy blood donors, were 95% and 95%, respectively, for the IgG IFA and 94% and 97% for the IgM IFA. Antibody titers found in the PRNT correlated poorly with the IgM and IgG titers detected by IFA. The analysis of preexisting heterologous flaviviral immunity revealed the presence of antibodies reactive with YFV, tick-borne encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and dengue virus serotypes 1 to 4 in 20 out of the 150 vaccinees. The indirect IFA showed that nine of these individuals with previous flaviviral exposure who received 17D vaccine failed to produce detectable IgM antibodies. Despite this preexisting immunity, all vaccinees developed protective immunity as detected by PRNT and anti-YFV IgG antibodies as detected by IFA. The high specificity and sensitivity of the IFA make it a useful tool for rapid diagnosis of yellow fever during outbreaks, for epidemiological studies, and for serosurveillance after vaccination.

scholarly journals Serological Detection of Capillaria hepatica by Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-433
Author(s):  
Martina Juncker-Voss ◽  
Heinrich Prosl ◽  
Helga Lussy ◽  
Ulrike Enzenberg ◽  
Herbert Auer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Capillaria Hepatica ◽  
The Past ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT In this paper, a serological assay for the detection of antibodies to Capillaria hepatica , a zoonotic parasite, is described. In the past, the only way of detecting Capillaria hepatica was to perform a liver biopsy. The indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) assay, based on liver sections of naturally infected mice and human serum samples, is suitable for detecting early stages of human infections and for screening purposes. No cross-reactivity with other parasitic infections was detected. We have applied the IIF assay to serum samples of 60 employees of the Zoological Garden of Vienna, Schönbrunn, Austria, and found one positive and one questionable sample.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Full-Length Agrin Protein in Chinese Patients With Myasthenia Gravis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shumin Wang ◽  
Haonan Yang ◽  
Rongjing Guo ◽  
Lulu Wang ◽  
Yingna Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
A Cell

This study aimed to establish a cell-based assay (CBA) for the detection of agrin antibodies (Agrin-Ab) to explore the clinical features of agrin antibody-positive Chinese patients with myasthenia gravis (Agrin-MG). We developed a CBA based on the human full-length agrin protein expressed in HEK293T cells for the reliable and efficient detection of Agrin-Ab. Clinical data and serum samples were collected from 1948 MG patients in 26 provinces in China. The demographic and clinical features of Agrin-MG patients were compared with those of other MG patient subsets. Eighteen Agrin-MG cases were identified from 1948 MG patients. Nine patients were Agrin-Ab positive, and nine were AChR-Ab and Agrin-Ab double-positive (Agrin/AChR-MG). Eleven (61.11%) patients were males older than 40 years of age. The initial symptom in 13 (81.25%) cases was ocular weakness. Occasionally, the initial symptom was limb-girdle weakness (two cases) or bulbar muscle weakness (one case). Agrin-MG patients demonstrated slight improvement following treatment with either acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or prednisone; however, the combination of the two drugs could effectively relieve MG symptoms. In China, Agrin-MG demonstrated seropositivity rates of 0.92%. These patients were commonly middle-aged or elderly men. The patients usually presented weakness in the ocular, bulbar, and limb muscles, which may be combined with thymoma. These patients have more severe diseases, although the combination of pyridostigmine and prednisone was usually effective in relieving symptoms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Rapid Device for Serological Diagnosis of Leishmania infantum Infection in Dogs as an Alternative to Immunofluorescence Assay and Western Blotting

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ferroglio ◽  
S. Zanet ◽  
W. Mignone ◽  
M. Poggi ◽  
A. Trisciuoglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Test Speed

ABSTRACTIn this study, we compared a rapid immunochromatographic test (Speed Leish K; BVT Groupe Virbac, La Seyne sur Mer, France) with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFAT) and Western blotting (WB) for the detection ofLeishmania infantumantibodies in dogs. A total of 250 serum samples were collected from 125L. infantum-positive and 125L. infantum-negative dogs. Among the positive samples, 81 were strongly positive at low IFAT dilutions, while 44 were low-reactivity sera (IFAT titers, 1:40 to 1:80). The sensitivity and specificity of the Speed Leish K were 96.3% and 100%, respectively, compared with those of the IFAT. When IFAT low-reactivity sera (titers, 1:40 or 1:80) were tested with the Speed Leish K, using WB results as a reference, the sensitivities were 93.75% for sera with a 1:80 titer and 73.33% for sera with a 1:40 titer, and the specificity was 100%. The Speed Leish K is easy to use and performs well, so it can be considered a quick and reliable tool for the diagnosis ofL. infantuminfection in dogs.

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