On the disappearance of fine, disc-like features from thin foils of steel

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 608-609
Author(s):  
S. W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Fine Carbide ◽  
Iced Water ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Carbide Particles

Fine carbide particles form in quenched-and-aged specimens of iron containing a small amount of carbon. Similar precipitation occurs in ferrite grains within dual-phase steels. The particles have been described as discs or loops, typically about 20 run in diameter and 2 nm thick, which lie on ﹛100﹜ planes within ferrite grains. The precipitates are believed to form in association with vacancies and produce increases in hardness and yield strength. Two studies showed that these features disappeared after heating specimens in the transmission electron microscope (TEM), and this note reports further on this phenomenon.Continuously annealed and cold-rolled sheet steel (provided by Inland Steel Company) contained (in wt pet) 0.087 C, 0.97 Mn, 0.27 Si, 0.034 Al, 0.008 S, and 0.005 N. Specimens were intercritically annealed at 770°C for five minutes and quenched in iced water. Tensile testing was conducted within one day of heat treatment, and then specimens were stored at room temperature for about six months. Thin foils were produced by conventional thinning methods and jet polished at 75 V and 80 mA in an electrolyte containing 95% acetic acid and 5% perchloric acid. Specimens were examined in a Philips EM400 operated at 120 kV.

scholarly journals Formable Cold Rolled Sheet Steel with Ultra-High Lankford Value by Elevating {111} Intensity Extremely.

1992 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Koyama ◽  
Yoshikazu Matsumura ◽  
Shiroh Sanagi ◽  
Nobuhiko Matsuzu ◽  
Nobuyuki Kino
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Cold Rolled

Investigations of HAVAR® Alloy Using Positrons

2012 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. May Tal Beck ◽  
Wolfgang Anwand ◽  
Andreas Wagner ◽  
Gerhard Brauer ◽  
A. Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Positron Beam ◽  
Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Slow Positron ◽  
Positron Spectroscopy ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Proton Dose

A study of irradiation-induced damage in HAVAR® foils was initiated in order to extract the highest proton dose the foils can sustain. The lattice structure of HAVAR® foils in different metallurgic conditions is presented, as well as visible internal structure, measured by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS) techniques were used to investigate these foils, and another foil that had been irradiated to the maximal proton dose limit, set by the manufacturer to a total charge of 1 mAh (= 3.6 C). PAS techniques included Doppler broadening (DB) measurement in the SPONSOR beam and lifetime (LT) measurements, both carried at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR). Both positron spectroscopy methods show clear differences between the investigated foils, with distinguished characteristics for annealed, cold-rolled and irradiated foils. The advantages of using a slow positron beam to study thin foils and defect profiles, over a table-top LT spectrometer, are discussed and demonstrated by the HAVAR® measurements.

Three Surface TEM Observations of Cold Rolled 1100 Aluminum

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
D. L. Rohr ◽  
S. S. Hecker
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Plastic Strains ◽  
Thickness Direction ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Rolled Plates

As part of an on-going study of 1100 Al at large plastic strains, we have examined cold-rolled samples from three orientations; through the sheet surface, and in the thickness direction along the rolling direction (RD) and transverse to the RD. Cell and subgrain sizes were determined in the same manner as for the earlier work.The starting plates of 1100 Al were annealed at 500 C and then rolled at room temperature to various thicknesses. These rolled plates were used to produce final samples rolled to 0.5 mm thickness with 62, 80, and 90% reductions. Thin foils were produced by lapping and jet electropolishing. A method was developed to make thin foils perpendicular to the sheet by lapping small pieces of sheet (1 mm wide) edgewise from both edges. This produces sheet 0.25 mm thick by 0.5 mm wide which were mounted between two 0.25-mm-thick 1100 Al disks 3 mm in dia. These disks had been slitted in the center to have slits ≪ 0.5 mm wide.

Continuous Cooling Transformation Behavior of High Strength Low-Alloyed Cold Rolled Sheet Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Ding Zhong Zhong ◽  
Long Qi Zhao ◽  
Tao Peng ◽  
Li Xin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Deformation Condition ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Transformation Temperatures ◽  
Continuous Cooling Transformation ◽  
Continuous Cooling ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Cold Rolled

The dilatometry curves and the critical phase transformation temperatures of high strength low-alloyed (HSLA) cold rolled sheet steel were determined by thermal simulation test machine. The samples were austenitized at 900°C,deformed at 40% of deformation and cooled at different rates of 0.1°C/s~ 60°C/s. The continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagram under deformation condition can be drawn. The results showed that the critical phase transformation temperatures are as follows: Ac3=900°C, Ac1=735°C, Ar3=825°C, Ar1=695°C. A few amount of martensite in high strength low-alloyed cold rolled steel can be obtained at the cooling rate of 60°C/s. The experimental data provide the technical references for rolling control, cooling control and heat treatment in real production.

Structure formation during recrystallization of cold-rolled sheet steel 06Kh18ch

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 685-688
Author(s):  
A. N. Babitskaya ◽  
V. G. Mishchenko ◽  
V. S. Movshovich
Keyword(s):  
Structure Formation ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Cold Rolled

Phase Transformations and Recrystallization in Cold-Rolled Al-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy Prepared by Powder Metallurgy

2017 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Vlach ◽  
Bohumil Smola ◽  
Ivana Stulikova ◽  
Veronika Kodetova ◽  
Hana Kudrnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mg Addition ◽  
Thermal And Electrical Properties ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Flow Changes ◽  
Zr Alloy

The mechanical, thermal and electrical properties and recrystallization behaviour of the cold-rolled AlMgScZr alloy prepared by powder metallurgy were studied. The materials were investigated during isothermal annealing (400 and 550 °C) and during step-by-step linear annealing from room temperature up to 570 °C. The observed results were compared with microstructure observation by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction from a previous study of the Al–Mg-based alloys with Sc and Zr. The precipitation sequence of the Al–Mg system and coarsening of the Sc,Zr-containing particles caused electrical and heat flow changes during the annealing. The presence of the Al3(Sc,Zr) particles has an anti-recrystallization effect that prevents recrystallization at temperature minimally up to ~ 400 °C. A partial recrystallization of the alloy was registered after annealing at 550 °C already for 30 min. The cause of the anti-recrystallization effect is precipitation of the Mg-containing particles as follows from a comparison to the alloy without Mg. But the Mg-addition to the Al–Sc–Zr alloy prepared by powder metallurgy has a poorer anti-recrystallization effect than a Mn-addition.

scholarly journals Formable Cold Rolled Sheet Steel with Ultra-High Lankford Value by Lubricant Hot Rolling in Ferrite Region.

Materia Japan ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Sakata ◽  
Saiji Matsuoka ◽  
Takashi Obara ◽  
Kozo Tsunoyama ◽  
Masaji Shiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Ferrite Region

scholarly journals Texture Distributions Through the Thickness of an ELC-BH Sheet With Very High r¯-Value Produced by a New Technology

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Guan ◽  
Jiajuan Zhou ◽  
Xiaojun Hu ◽  
Qiulin Wu
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fiber Axis ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Annealing Texture ◽  
Cold Rolling And Annealing ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Very High

Effects of a new technology which made r¯-value increase remarkably on the distributions of the cold rolling and annealing textures through the thickness of an extra low-carbon and high strength bake-hardening sheet steel have been researched by means of the method of ODF. The results are expressed as follows: (1) γ-fiber axis texture in the ELC-BH sheet obtained by the new technology develops so strongly and purely, especially within the sheet. This is the essential cause why r¯-value of the sheet remarkably increases. (2) The very strong γ-fiber axis texture of being completely different from conventional one is closely related to the cold rolled sheet supplied by the new technology which benefits to develop {111} annealing texture strongly. The inside of the cold rolled sheet is far more favorable than its surface to the development of the γ-fiber axis texture.

Observations of the Cell Structure of Heavily Rolled Phosphor Bronze

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
R. N. Caron ◽  
S. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Cell Structure ◽  
Rolling Plane ◽  
Average Thickness ◽  
Rolled Sample ◽  
Final Thickness ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Cold Worked

Transmission electron microscopy has often been used to observe the nature of the heavily cold worked condition in metals in order to evaluate the effect of this microstructure on subsequent processes and properties. However, interpretation of a heavily cold rolled microstructure when viewed normal to the rolling plane is made difficult by the fact that the average thickness of the elongated cells resulting from such deformation is often smaller than the thickness of the foil. The final thickness of a heavily rolled structure is often too thin for convenience in making thin foils trans- verse to the rolline plane. The technique of plating copper to thicken the thin cold rolled sample sufficiently for om pat ibility with standard methods for preparing transmission foils has been successfully used.

The Effects of Nb and Cr Addition on Mechanical and Chemical Properties of Cold-Rolled Ni3(Si,Ti) Intermetallic Foils

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Kaneno ◽  
Takayuki Takasugi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Thermomechanical Process ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
High Temperature Tensile

Nb and/or Cr added Ni3(Si,Ti) as well as unalloyed Ni3(Si,Ti) intermetallic thin foils (i.e., Ni3(Si,Ti), Ni3(Si,Ti)+Nb, Ni3(Si,Ti)+Cr and Ni3(Si,Ti)+Nb,Cr) were fabricated from arc-melted polycrystalline ingots by thermomechanical process and subsequent heavy cold-rolling. Tensile property at room temperature as well as at high temperature and oxidization behavior of the cold-rolled foils with a thickness of ~200μm were investigated. The Ni3(Si,Ti) and Ni3(Si,Ti)+Nb alloys showed a single-phase microstructure consisting of L12 phase, while the Ni3(Si,Ti)+Cr and Ni3(Si,Ti)+Nb,Cr alloys exhibited a two-phase microstructure with A1 (fcc) Ni solid solution phase within the L12 grains. All the cold-rolled foils showed high tensile strength (over 2GPa) at room temperature although no plastic elongation was observed. The addition of Nb and/or Cr slightly enhanced the room-temperature tensile strength of the Ni3(Si,Ti) alloy. On the other hand, the addition of Nb and/or Cr prominently enhanced high-temperature tensile strength as well as oxidization resistance, while the addition of Cr improved high-temperature elongation.

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