scholarly journals Incubation periods of enteric illnesses in foodborne outbreaks, United States, 1998–2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Chai ◽  
W. Gu ◽  
K. A. O'Connor ◽  
L. C. Richardson ◽  
R. V. Tauxe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Outbreak Investigation ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

Abstract Early in a foodborne disease outbreak investigation, illness incubation periods can help focus case interviews, case definitions, clinical and environmental evaluations and predict an aetiology. Data describing incubation periods are limited. We examined foodborne disease outbreaks from laboratory-confirmed, single aetiology, enteric bacterial and viral pathogens reported to United States foodborne disease outbreak surveillance from 1998–2013. We grouped pathogens by clinical presentation and analysed the reported median incubation period among all illnesses from the implicated pathogen for each outbreak as the outbreak incubation period. Outbreaks from preformed bacterial toxins (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Clostridium perfringens) had the shortest outbreak incubation periods (4–10 h medians), distinct from that of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (17 h median). Norovirus, salmonella and shigella had longer but similar outbreak incubation periods (32–45 h medians); campylobacter and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli had the longest among bacteria (62–87 h medians); hepatitis A had the longest overall (672 h median). Our results can help guide diagnostic and investigative strategies early in an outbreak investigation to suggest or rule out specific etiologies or, when the pathogen is known, the likely timeframe for exposure. They also point to possible differences in pathogenesis among pathogens causing broadly similar syndromes.

scholarly journals Produce-associated foodborne disease outbreaks, USA, 1998–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (11) ◽  
pp. 1397-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Bennett ◽  
S. V. Sodha ◽  
T. L. Ayers ◽  
M. F. Lynch ◽  
L. H. Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

AbstractThe US Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) gives food safety regulators increased authority to require implementation of safety measures to reduce the contamination of produce. To evaluate the future impact of FSMA on food safety, a better understanding is needed regarding outbreaks attributed to the consumption of raw produce. Data reported to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System during 1998–2013 were analysed. During 1998–2013, there were 972 raw produce outbreaks reported resulting in 34 674 outbreak-associated illnesses, 2315 hospitalisations, and 72 deaths. Overall, the total number of foodborne outbreaks reported decreased by 38% during the study period and the number of raw produce outbreaks decreased 19% during the same period; however, the percentage of outbreaks attributed to raw produce among outbreaks with a food reported increased from 8% during 1998–2001 to 16% during 2010–2013. Raw produce outbreaks were most commonly attributed to vegetable row crops (38% of outbreaks), fruits (35%) and seeded vegetables (11%). The most common aetiologic agents identified were norovirus (54% of outbreaks), Salmonella enterica (21%) and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (10%). Food-handling errors were reported in 39% of outbreaks. The proportion of all foodborne outbreaks attributable to raw produce has been increasing. Evaluation of safety measures to address the contamination on farms, during processing and food preparation, should take into account the trends occurring before FSMA implementation.

Geospatial Mapping of Early Cases in Multistate Foodborne Disease Outbreaks: A Strategy To Expedite Identification of Contaminated Imported Produce, United States, 2006 to 2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (11) ◽  
pp. 1821-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cary Chen Parker ◽  
Crystal McKenna ◽  
Matthew Wise ◽  
Christopher Gezon ◽  
Karl C. Klontz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
Targeted Sampling ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Geospatial Mapping

ABSTRACT From 1998 to 2008, produce-related illness outbreaks accounted for roughly one-half of reported foodborne outbreaks in the United States. In 2013, Mexico accounted for approximately 50 and 30% of the monetary value of all vegetables and fruits, respectively, imported into the United States. We used historical import data to examine the correlation between the port of entry for five implicated produce vehicles from five multistate outbreaks and the geospatial and temporal distribution of illnesses in the corresponding outbreaks in the United States. For comparison, we analyzed the geospatial and temporal distribution of cases from two U.S. multistate outbreaks associated with domestically grown produce. The geospatial distribution of illnesses in the two outbreaks linked to domestic produce differed from that of the import-related produce outbreaks. The results of our pilot study suggest that geospatial distribution of early-onset cases may be used to identify ports of entry for produce likely to be responsible for causing multistate outbreaks in the United States and that targeted sampling of produce items from these ports of entry may expedite identification of an outbreak vehicle.

scholarly journals Food recalls associated with foodborne disease outbreaks, United States, 2006–2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Qihua Qiu ◽  
Daniel Dewey-Mattia ◽  
Sanjana Subramhanya ◽  
Zhaohui Cui ◽  
Patricia M. Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Food Recalls

scholarly journals Applying probability-weighted incubation period distributions to traditional wind rose methodology to improve public health investigations of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bays ◽  
E. Bennett ◽  
T. Finnie
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Wind Rose ◽  
Outbreak Management ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Potential Improvement ◽  
And Control

Abstract In the event of a Legionnaires' disease outbreak, rapid location and control of the source of bacteria are crucial for outbreak management and regulation. In this paper, we describe an enhancement of the traditional wind rose for epidemiological use; shifting the focus of measurement from relative frequency of the winds speeds and directions to the relative volume of air carried, whilst also incorporating probability distributions of disease incubation periods to refine identification of the important wind directions during a cases window of exposure, i.e. from which direction contaminated aerosols most likely originated. The probability-weighted wind rose offers a potential improvement over the traditional wind rose by weighting the importance of wind measurements through incorporation of probability of exposure given an individual's time of symptom onset (obtained through knowledge of the incubation period), and by instead focusing on the volume of carrying air which offers better insight into the most probable direction of the source. This then provides a probabilistic distribution of which direction the wind was blowing around the time of infection. We discuss how the probability-weighted wind rose can be implemented during a Legionnaires' disease outbreak, and how outbreak control teams might use it as supportive evidence to identify the most likely direction of the contaminated source from the presumed site of exposure. In addition, this paper discusses how minor adjustments can be made to the method allowing the probability-weighted wind rose to be applied to other non-communicable airborne diseases, providing the disease's probability distribution for the incubation period distribution is well known.

Are Staff Management Practices and Inspection Risk Ratings Associated with Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in the Catering Industry in England and Wales?

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH L. JONES ◽  
SHARON M. PARRY ◽  
SARAH J. O'BRIEN ◽  
STEPHEN R. PALMER
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Critical Control Point ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Protective Food ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

Despite structured enforcement of food hygiene requirements known to prevent foodborne disease outbreaks, catering businesses continue to be the most common setting for outbreaks in the United Kingdom. In a matched case control study of catering businesses, 148 businesses associated with outbreaks were compared with 148 control businesses. Hazard analysis critical control point systems and/or formal food hygiene training qualifications were not protective. Food hygiene inspection scores were not useful in predicting which catering businesses were associated with outbreaks. Businesses associated with outbreaks were more likely to be larger small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) or to serve Chinese cuisine and less likely to have the owner or manager working in the kitchen, but when size of the SME was taken into account these two differences were no longer significant. In larger businesses, case businesses were more likely to be hotels and were more commonly associated with viral foodborne outbreaks, but there was no explanation within the data for this association.

Increase in Multistate Foodborne Disease Outbreaks—United States, 1973–2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 867-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Von D. Nguyen ◽  
Sarah D. Bennett ◽  
Elisabeth Mungai ◽  
Laura Gieraltowski ◽  
Kelley Hise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foodborne Disease

scholarly journals Limitations to Successful Investigation and Reporting of Foodborne Outbreaks: An Analysis of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in FoodNet Catchment Areas, 1998–1999

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (s3) ◽  
pp. S297-S302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Jones ◽  
Beth Imhoff ◽  
Michael Samuel ◽  
Patricia Mshar ◽  
Katherine Gibbs McCombs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foodborne Disease ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Foodborne Outbreaks

scholarly journals Factors Contributing to Decline in Foodborne Disease Outbreak Reports, United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maho Imanishi ◽  
Karunya Manikonda ◽  
Bhavini P. Murthy ◽  
L. Hannah Gould
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Foodborne Disease

scholarly journals Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks — United States, 2009–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Dewey-Mattia ◽  
Karunya Manikonda ◽  
Aron J. Hall ◽  
Matthew E. Wise ◽  
Samuel J. Crowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Foodborne Disease
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document