scholarly journals Syntactic soundness proof of a type-and-capability system with hidden state

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANÇOIS POTTIER
Keyword(s):  
Linear Logic ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Type System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Proof Technique ◽  
The Core ◽  
Proof Techniques ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Intuitionistic Linear Logic

AbstractThis paper presents a formal definition and machine-checked soundness proof for a very expressive type-and-capability system, that is, a low-level type system that keeps precise track of ownership and side effects. The programming language has first-class functions and references. The type system's features include the following: universal, existential, and recursive types; subtyping; a distinction between affine and unrestricted data; support for strong updates; support for naming values and heap fragments via singleton and group regions; a distinction between ordinary values (which exist at runtime) and capabilities (which do not); support for dynamic reorganizations of the ownership hierarchy by disassembling and reassembling capabilities; and support for temporarily or permanently hiding a capability via frame and anti-frame rules. One contribution of the paper is the definition of the type-and-capability system itself. We present the system as modularly as possible. In particular, at the core of the system, the treatment of affinity, in the style of dual intuitionistic linear logic, is formulated in terms of an arbitrarymonotonic separation algebra, a novel axiomatization of resources, ownership, and the manner in which they evolve with time. Only the peripheral layers of the system are aware that we are dealing with a specific monotonic separation algebra, whose resources are references and regions. This semi-abstract organization should facilitate further extensions of the system with new forms of resources. The other main contribution is a machine-checked proof of type soundness. The proof is carried out in the Wright and Felleisen's syntactic style. This offers an evidence that this relatively simple-minded proof technique can scale up to systems of this complexity, and constitutes a viable alternative to more sophisticated semantic proof techniques. We do not claim that the syntactic technique is superior: We simply illustrate how it is used and highlight its strengths and shortcomings.

A Systemic Approach for the Formalization of the Information Systems Concept

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Mora ◽  
Ovsei Gelman ◽  
Francisco Cervantes ◽  
Marcelo MejIa ◽  
Alfredo Weitzenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Conceptual Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Problematic Situation ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Concept System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of

In the new economic context, based on Information and Knowledge resources, the concepts of Information Systems and Information Technology (IS&IT) are fundamental to understand the organizational and managerial process in all levels: strategic, tactic and operational. From an academic and practitioner perspective, we pose that the correct use of the concept of IS&IT, and in specific of Information Systems, is critical. First ones need to study the same object and second ones need to use the same common conceptual knowledge about what are Information Systems. Nevertheless, uniquely informal and semiformal definitions of Information Systems have been reported in the literature and thus a formal definition based on core systemic foundations is missing. For these reasons, the conceptualization and formal definition of what are Information Systems acquires a relevant research and praxis status. This chapter addresses this problematic situation posing a formal definition of the term Information Systems based on core theoretical principles of the Systems Approach. For that, we firstly review the foundations of Systems Approach to establish the basis for our conceptual development. Then, an updated formal definition of the core concept System originally developed by Gelman and Garcia (1989) and that incorporates new insights from other systemic researchers is presented. With these theoretical bases, we proceed to review the contributions and limitations of main informal and semiformal definitions of the term Information Systems reported at the literature. Then the new formal definition of this term is developed using the updated formal definition of the term System. We continue with a discussion of how the definition posed formalizes systemic concepts of previous definitions, of how these are partial cases of the new definition and of how it can be used to model and study Information Systems in organizations. Finally, we conclude with main remarks and implications of this definition and with directions for further research.

Conflicts of Interest

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-142
Author(s):  
Alonso Villarán ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Specific Definition

What is a conflict of interest? What is morally problematic about one? Beginning with the definition, this paper organizes the core (philosophical) literature and creates two continuums—one devoted to the more specific definition of ‘interest,’ and the other to that of ‘duty’ (two elements that belong to the definition of conflicts of interest and over which the debate revolves). Each continuum places the authors according to the narrowness or broadness of their positions, which facilitates the understanding of the debate as well as what is at stake when defining conflicts of interest. The paper then develops a moral analysis that leads to the sought-for definition and to an explanation of why we should treat conflicts of interest carefully. While doing so, the paper discloses the criterion to judge whether a definition is right and presents the duties that makes conflicts of interest special as ‘tertiary’ duties of morality.

The Technocene or Technology as (Neo)Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agostino Cera ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Nominative Case ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
Conditio Humana ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract: While putting forward the proposal of a “philosophy of technology in the nominative case,” grounded on the concept of Neoenvironmentality, this paper intends to argue that the best definition of our current age is not “Anthropocene.” Rather, it is “Technocene,” since technology represents here and now the real “subject of history” and of (a de-natured) nature, i.e. the (neo)environment where man has to live.This proposal culminates in a new definition of man’s humanity and of technology. Switching from natura hominis to conditio humana, the peculiarity of man can be defined on the basis of an anthropic perimeter, the core of which consists of man’s worldhood: man is that being that has a world (Welt), while animal has a mere environment (Umwelt). Both man’s worldhood and animal’s environmentality are derived from a pathic premise, namely the fundamental moods (Grundstimmungen) that refer them to their respective findingness (Befindlichkeit).From this anthropological premise, technology emerges as the oikos of contemporary humanity. Technology becomes the current form of the world – and so gives birth to a Technocene – insofar as it introduces in any human context its ratio operandi and so assimilates man to an animal condition, i.e. an environmental one. Technocene corresponds on the one side to the emergence of technology as (Neo)environment and on the other to the feralization of man. The spirit of Technocene turns out to be the complete redefinition of the anthropic perimeter.While providing a non-ideological characterization of the current age, this paper proposes the strategy of an ‘anthropological conservatism,’ that is to say a pathic desertion understood as a possible (pre)condition for the beginning of an authentic Anthropocene, i.e. the age of an-at-last-entirely-human-man.

Reviews of the Literature

1955 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Underlying Assumption ◽  
The Core ◽  
Legal Structure ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Central Bond ◽  
Definition Of

This book is meant as an overview of the rapidly increasing literature on "those social roles which arise from the classification of men by the work they do." The core of his problem, Professor Caplow states, is the interplay of such factors as "the availability of natural resources, political ideologies, and the legal structure … with the more or less predictable consequences of the division of labor" (e.g. size, specialization, and rationalization). His underlying assumption, he says, is Durkheim's: occupation is the central bond of solidarity in modern urban society. Neither the formal definition of task nor the underlying assumption are pursued systematically—and, in fact, occupational groupings are later seen as subordinate to "more fundamental affiliations based on kinship, locality, religion, property, and status." (p. 182).

scholarly journals Humorism and Characterization in Topan’s Mfalme Juha

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
Emiliano Minerba
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
Critical History ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Art And Culture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Inner Contradictions

This paper discusses the character of King Juha, the protagonist of the comedy Mfalme Juha by Farouk Topan, using an approach that considers the humoristic dimension of this character. The definition of humorism employed here is that given by Pirandello: the result of an aesthetic process in which the comic effect deriving from an object of laughter is tempered and contrasted by a “sentiment of the contrary” that observes and builds empathy with the inner contradictions of the object itself. After a short outline of Mfalme Juha’s critical history which shows that the humoristic dimension of King Juha has never been considered in critiques, this paper focuses on an analysis of this character, in which the core feature of egocentricity is identified. Juha’s egocentricity and its humoristic nature are analysed in the character’s relationship with his subjects as their king and in his idea of art and culture; in both cases it is shown that what is important is not the wickedness or egoism of Juha, but his lack of comprehension of the world. Juha is incapable of understanding his environment and other people, since he can not doubt his own superiority: this puts him in several comic situations, but on the other hand makes him a victim of his smart subjects, so that he arouses a feeling of sympathy in which Pirandello’s sentiment of the contrary can be traced.

Girard translation and logical predicates

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAHITO HASEGAWA
Keyword(s):  
Short Proof ◽  
Linear Logic ◽  
Lambda Calculus ◽  
Independent Interest ◽  
Proof Technique ◽  
Typed Lambda Calculus ◽  
Intuitionistic Linear Logic

We present a short proof of a folklore result: the Girard translation from the simply typed lambda calculus to the linear lambda calculus is fully complete. The proof makes use of a notion of logical predicates for intuitionistic linear logic. While the main result is of independent interest, this paper can be read as a tutorial on this proof technique for reasoning about relations between type theories.

ISF: A Visual Formalism for Specifying Interconnection Styles for Software Design

1998 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 517-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spiros Mancoridis
Keyword(s):  
Software Design ◽  
Deductive Database ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
The Core ◽  
Custom Design ◽  
Database Technology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Visual Notation

We have developed a framework for specifying high-level software designs. The core of the framework is a very simple visual notation. This notation enables designers to document designs as labelled rectangles and directed edges. In addition to the notation, our framework features a supporting formalism, called ISF (Interconnection Style Formalism). This formalism enables designers to customize the simple design notation by specifying the type of entities, relations, legal configurations of entities and relations, as well as scoping rules of the custom notation. In this paper we present the formal definition of ISF and use ISF to specify two custom design notations. We also describe how ISF specifications, using deductive database technology, are used to generate supporting tools for these custom notations.

scholarly journals Reduction Of A Term In A Scientific Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (05) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Denis Bakhtiyorovich Sadullaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Formal Definition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Reduction Relation ◽  
Methodology Of Science

The subject of this research is the concept of reduction in the logic and methodology of science. On the one hand, reduction is understood as a relationship between a term and its defining expression within a scientific theory, on the other hand, as a relationship between two theories. Since the expansion of the theory occurs due to the introduction of new terms into its vocabulary with the help of nominal definitions, reduction is an operation opposite to the definition: due to reduction, terms are removed from the dictionary of the theory. Moreover, the theory itself is defined in accordance with the set-theoretic approach as a class of sentences that are closed with respect to derivability. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it examines the semantic and epistemological aspects of the formal definition of reduction. In particular, the explication of the reduction relation between the two theories is based on the concept of functional equivalence of theories. It has been established that the list of basic terms of the theory can only be specified conventionally. All terms introduced with the help of nominal definitions turn out to be reducible. Consequently, a distinctive feature of a theoretical term is the possibility of its reduction.

scholarly journals Lotman and play: For a theory of playfulness based on semiotics of culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Thibault
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Play Theory ◽  
The Core ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Anthropic Activity ◽  
Core Questions ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Role

The aim of the article is to introduce an approach to play based on semiotics of culture and, in particular, grounded in the works and ideas of Juri Lotman. On the one hand, it provides an overview of Lotman’s works dedicated to play and games, starting from his article on art among other modelling systems, in which the phenomenon of play is treated deeply, and mentioning Lotman’s articles dedicated to various forms of play forms, such as involving dolls and playing cards. On the other hand, it applies a few Lotmanian theories and ideas to playfulness in order to shed some light on this highly debated, as well as intriguing, anthropic activity. Thus, the paper approaches some of the core questions for a play theory, such as the definition of play, the cultural role of toys and playthings, the importance of unpredictability, the position held by playfulness in the semiosphere and, finally, the differences and commonalities between play and art. Lotman’s theories and works, often integrated by other existing semiotic or ludologic perspectives offer an extremely insightful and fresh take on play and illustrate the great heuristic potential of semiotics of culture.

On session types and polynomial time

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
UGO DAL LAGO ◽  
PAOLO DI GIAMBERARDINO
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Linear Logic ◽  
Type System ◽  
Session Types ◽  
Intuitionistic Linear Logic

We show how systems of session types can enforce interactions to take bounded time for all typable processes. The type system we propose is based on Lafont's soft linear logic and is strongly inspired by recent works about session types as intuitionistic linear logic formulas. Our main result is the existence, for every typable process, of a polynomial bound on the length of reduction sequences starting from it and on the size of its reducts.

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