Symptoms of problematic feeding in children with CHD compared to healthy peers

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britt F. Pados
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Medical Conditions ◽  
Validity And Reliability

AbstractChildren with CHD often experience difficulty with oral feeding, which contributes to growth faltering in this population. Few studies have explored symptoms of problematic feeding in children with CHD using valid and reliable measures of oral feeding. The purpose of this study was to describe symptoms of problematic feeding in children with CHD compared to healthy children without medical conditions, taking into account variables that may contribute to symptoms of problematic feeding. Oral feeding was measured by the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool, a parent report assessment of feeding with evidence of validity and reliability. This secondary analysis used data collected from web-based surveys completed by parents of 1093 children between 6 months and 7 years of age who were eating solid foods by mouth. General linear models were used to evaluate the differences between 94 children with CHD and 999 children without medical conditions based on the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool total score and four subscale scores. Covariates tested in the models included breathing tube duration, type of CHD, gastroesophageal reflux, genetic disorder, difficulty with breast- or bottle-feeding during infancy, cardiac surgery, and current child age. Children with CHD had significantly more symptoms of problematic feeding than healthy children on the Pediatric Eating Assessment Tool total score, more physiologic symptoms, problematic mealtime behaviours, selective/restrictive eating, and oral processing dysfunction (p <0.001 for all), when taking into account relevant covariates. Additional research is needed in children with CHD to improve risk assessment and develop interventions to optimise feeding and growth.

scholarly journals Bottle-Feeding Challenges in Preterm-Born Infants in the First 7 Months of Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2095268
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Hill ◽  
Jinhee Park ◽  
Britt F. Pados
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Born

Preterm infants frequently experience oral feeding challenges while in the neonatal intensive care unit, with research focusing on infant feeding during this hospital stay. There is little data on symptoms of problematic feeding in preterm-born infants in the months after discharge. The purpose of this study was to describe symptoms of problematic bottle-feeding in the first 7 months of life in infants born preterm, compared to full-term infants. Parents of infants less than 7 months old completed an online survey that included the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool—Bottle-feeding and questions about the infant’s medical and feeding history. General linear models were used to evaluate differences in NeoEAT—Bottle-feeding total score and subscale scores by preterm category, considering other significant factors. Very preterm infants had more symptoms of problematic bottle-feeding than other infants. Current age, presence of gastroesophageal reflux, and anomalies of the face/mouth were associated with problematic bottle-feeding.

Orthodontic Aspects on the Chronological and Dental Age in Children with Down Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Mariana Pacurar ◽  
Bogdan Dragomir ◽  
Alina Silvana Szalontay ◽  
Cristian Romanec
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Dental Maturation ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
The Family

Genetics is a key discipline in medicine, but also a clinical discipline with medical and social implications. The interest in reducing the number of genetic disorders and recognizing the risk of them repeating when a family confronts itself with a genetic anomaly becomes more and more important in the hierarchy of prophylactic emergencies. Presenting themselves as metabolic diseases (monogenic mutations) or malformations (polygenic and multifactorial heredity) because of their frequency, these disorders position themselves on an ascendant curve. They become difficult to deal with for the society, for the family and for the interested individual and cause emotional disorders. The Down syndrome is the most frequent type of genetic disorder. It is characterized by a specific set of signs and symptoms. People with Down syndrome require special medical care that, apart from the family, must include a team of doctors of various specializations and also a dentist. They are predisposed to hearing and sight disorders and thyroid problems as well. In 50% of the cases there are also anomalies of the heart, and the risk of leukaemia is 20 times higher. Some of them even develop an Alzheimer type dementia during their life. The people with Down syndrome can have an average IQ up to a moderate form of handicap. In particular, the studies on Down syndrome in dentistry are quite frequent, but they focus more on cavities, periodontal disease and hypodontia. In spite of this, the connection of Down syndrome and dental eruption is less studied. Consequently, the present study is intended to fill this missing part from the specialized literature, focusing on the relation between the Down syndrome and the chronological and dental ages in children. The health of the oral cavity is neglected in these patients, their parents focusing more on the treatment of the other systemic disorders of their children; the lack of interest is reflected in their poor oral hygiene.The trial group included 94 children with mixt dentition, aged between 6 and 12, divided as follows: 36 children with Down syndrome enrolled at the Educational Centre for Inclusive Education no. 1 of Tg. Mures and Alpha Transilvana Foundation. The chronology and the eruption sequences are subjected to certain variations and they are influenced by the presence of cavities, the premature loss or, on the contrary, the prolonged retention of deciduous teeth as well as dental anchylosis. Dental maturation is less subjected to variations, as it is a progressive, continuous and cumulative process. The presence of Down syndrome in children generates a delay in teeth eruption by 1.27 years compared to the data identified in the specialized literature and to the information obtained on the healthy children included in the study.

scholarly journals Dysphagia Prevalence, Time Course, and Association with Probable Sarcopenia, Inactivity, Malnutrition, and Disease Status in Older Patients Admitted to an Emergency Department: A Secondary Analysis of Cohort Study Data

Geriatrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Tina Hansen ◽  
Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen ◽  
Morten Baltzer Houlind ◽  
Juliette Tavenier ◽  
Line Jee Hartmann Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Disease Status

There is evolving evidence for an association between dysphagia and sarcopenia in older adults. For optimizing the acute health care initiative across health care settings, this study investigated prevalence and time-course of dysphagia in older patients admitted to an emergency department (ED) as well as its association with parameters for probable sarcopenia, inactivity, malnutrition, disease status, and systemic inflammation. A secondary analysis of data from the FAM-CPH cohort study on acutely admitted older medical patients (n = 125). Data were collected upon ED admission as well as four and 56 weeks after discharge. Using the Eating Assessment Tool cut-off score ≥ 2, signs of dysphagia were present in 34% of the patients at ED admission and persisted in 25% of the patients 56 weeks after discharge. Signs of dysphagia at 56-week follow-up were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with probable sarcopenia (low handgrip strength (OR = 3.79), low leg muscle strength (OR = 8.14), and low physical performance (OR = 5.68)) and with baseline swallowing inactivity (OR = 5.61), malnutrition (OR = 4.35), and systemic inflammation (OR = 1.33). Signs of dysphagia in older patients admitted to an ED was prevalent, persisted 56 weeks after discharge, and was associated with probable sarcopenia and related conditions; all modifiable targets for management of dysphagia in older patients.

scholarly journals Relative validity and reliability of a diet risk score (DRS) for clinical practice

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000134
Author(s):  
Emily A Johnston ◽  
Kristina S Petersen ◽  
Jeannette M Beasley ◽  
Tobias Krussig ◽  
Diane C Mitchell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Score ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Relative Validity ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
Diet Assessment

IntroductionAdherence to cardioprotective dietary patterns can reduce risk for developing cardiometabolic disease. Rates of diet assessment and counselling by physicians are low. Use of a diet screener that rapidly identifies individuals at higher risk due to suboptimal dietary choices could increase diet assessment and brief counselling in clinical care.MethodsWe evaluated the relative validity and reliability of a 9-item diet risk score (DRS) based on the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, a comprehensive measure of diet quality calculated from a 160-item, validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). We hypothesised that DRS (0 (low risk) to 27 (high risk)) would inversely correlate with HEI-2015 score. Adults aged 35 to 75 years were recruited from a national research volunteer registry (ResearchMatch.org) and completed the DRS and FFQ in random order on one occasion. To measure reliability, participants repeated the DRS within 3 months.ResultsIn total, 126 adults (87% female) completed the study. Mean HEI-2015 score was 63.3 (95% CI: 61.1 to 65.4); mean DRS was 11.8 (95% CI: 10.8 to 12.8). DRS and HEI-2015 scores were inversely correlated (r=−0.6, p<0.001; R2=0.36). The DRS ranked 37% (n=47) of subjects in the same quintile, 41% (n=52) within ±1 quintile of the HEI-2015 (weighted κ: 0.28). The DRS had high reliability (n=102, ICC: 0.83). DRS mean completion time was 2 min.ConclusionsThe DRS is a brief diet assessment tool, validated against a FFQ, that can reliably identify patients with reported suboptimal intake. Future studies should evaluate the effectiveness of DRS-guided diet assessment in clinical care.Trial registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03805373).

Objective structured assessment of technical skill in temporal bone dissection: validation of a novel tool

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
M Stavrakas ◽  
G Menexes ◽  
S Triaridis ◽  
P Bamidis ◽  
J Constantinidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Technical Skill ◽  
Global Rating Scale ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cortical Mastoidectomy

Abstract Objective This study developed an assessment tool that was based on the objective structured assessment for technical skills principles, to be used for evaluation of surgical skills in cortical mastoidectomy. The objective structured assessment of technical skill is a well-established tool for evaluation of surgical ability. This study also aimed to identify the best material and printing method to make a three-dimensional printed temporal bone model. Methods Twenty-four otolaryngologists in training were asked to perform a cortical mastoidectomy on a three-dimensional printed temporal bone (selective laser sintering resin). They were scored according to the objective structured assessment of technical skill in temporal bone dissection tool developed in this study and an already validated global rating scale. Results Two external assessors scored the candidates, and it was concluded that the objective structured assessment of technical skill in temporal bone dissection tool demonstrated some main aspects of validity and reliability that can be used in training and performance evaluation of technical skills in mastoid surgery. Conclusion Apart from validating the new tool for temporal bone dissection training, the study showed that evolving three-dimensional printing technologies is of high value in simulation training with several advantages over traditional teaching methods.

Validity and Reliability of a Rosacea Self-Assessment Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moradi Tuchayi ◽  
Hossein Alinia ◽  
Lucy Lan ◽  
Olabola Awosika ◽  
Abigail Cline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Self Assessment

Psychometric Testing of the Health Care Evidence-Based Practice Assessment Tool

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-498
Author(s):  
Martha R. Sleutel ◽  
Celestina Barbosa-Leiker ◽  
Marian Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Health Care Outcomes ◽  
Optimal Health

Background and Purpose: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential to optimal health care outcomes. Interventions to improve use of evidence depend on accurate assessments from reliable, valid, and user-friendly tools. This study reports psychometric analyses from a modified version of a widely used EBP questionnaire, the information literacy for nursing practice (ILNP). Methods: After content validity assessments by nurse researchers, a convenience sam ple of 2,439 nurses completed the revised 23-item questionnaire. We examined internal consistency and used factor analyses to assess the factor structure. Results: A modified 4-factor model demonstrated adequate fit to the data. Cronbach’s alpha was .80–.92 for the subscales. Conclusions: The shortened ILNP (renamed Healthcare EBP Assessment Tool or HEAT) demonstrated adequate content validity, construct validity, and reliability.

Urdu Translation and Validation of Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3505-3508
Author(s):  
Noor Ul Ain Fatima ◽  
Qurat-Ul- Ain ◽  
Fareeha Kausar ◽  
Mian Ali Raza ◽  
Misbah Waris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
A Value ◽  
Abc Scale ◽  
Translation And Validation

Objective: To translate and validate the ABC-Scale in Urdu language to predict risk of fall in older population. Study design: Cross-cultural Translation and validation Place and Duration: Study was conducted in older adult community of Sialkot from March 2020 to December 2020. Methodology: Translation of ABC in Urdu was conducted by using Beaton et al guidelines. Two bilingual translators translated the original version into Urdu language step wise, correction process was followed. Then two backward translations were done by language expert. After all this process, the translated version was reviewed by the professionals and the final version was applied on 15 individuals. Its reliability and validity was tested on 60 older adults. Results: For test re test reliability, intra class correlation coefficient ICC was measured with a value of 0.984 Which shows good test re-test reliability. The internal consistency and reliability of ABC was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha for total score with a value of 0.985. Content validity was good with values of CVI ranging from 0.767 to 0.955. To test the discriminative validity, independent t test was used to show the difference between the healthy and unhealthy adults. Factor analysis of UABC showed total variance 81.277 and cumulative variance was also 81.277. To calculate construct validity of U-ABC Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used and measured as 0.558. Conclusion: It was concluded that Urdu version of UABC is a valid assessment tool for older adults with fear of fall. It has good content validity, construct validity and reliability. Keywords: activities specific balance scale, validation, Urdu translation, reliability, tool translation

scholarly journals Impact of antibiotics for children presenting to general practice with cough on adverse outcomes: secondary analysis from a multicentre prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (675) ◽  
pp. e682-e693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh M Redmond ◽  
Sophie Turnbull ◽  
Beth Stuart ◽  
Hannah V Thornton ◽  
Hannah Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Acute Cough

BackgroundClinicians commonly prescribe antibiotics to prevent major adverse outcomes in children presenting in primary care with cough and respiratory symptoms, despite limited meaningful evidence of impact on these outcomes.AimTo estimate the effect of children’s antibiotic prescribing on adverse outcomes within 30 days of initial consultation.Design and settingSecondary analysis of 8320 children in a multicentre prospective cohort study, aged 3 months to <16 years, presenting in primary care across England with acute cough and other respiratory symptoms.MethodBaseline clinical characteristics and antibiotic prescribing data were collected, and generalised linear models were used to estimate the effect of antibiotic prescribing on adverse outcomes within 30 days (subsequent hospitalisations and reconsultation for deterioration), controlling for clustering and clinicians’ propensity to prescribe antibiotics.ResultsSixty-five (0.8%) children were hospitalised and 350 (4%) reconsulted for deterioration. Clinicians prescribed immediate and delayed antibiotics to 2313 (28%) and 771 (9%), respectively. Compared with no antibiotics, there was no clear evidence that antibiotics reduced hospitalisations (immediate antibiotic risk ratio [RR] 0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47 to 1.45; delayed RR 0.70, 95% CI = 0.26 to 1.90, overall P = 0.44). There was evidence that delayed (rather than immediate) antibiotics reduced reconsultations for deterioration (immediate RR 0.82, 95% CI = 0.65 to 1.07; delayed RR 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.88, overall P = 0.024).ConclusionMost children presenting with acute cough and respiratory symptoms in primary care are not at risk of hospitalisation, and antibiotics may not reduce the risk. If an antibiotic is considered, a delayed antibiotic prescription may be preferable as it is likely to reduce reconsultation for deterioration.

scholarly journals Association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms: a cross-sectional study among adolescents in four developing countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Santivañez-Romani ◽  
Valeria Carbajal-Vega ◽  
Reneé Pereyra-Elías
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sentinel Site ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundStudies assessing the association between vegetarianism and mental health have found divergent results. Evidence from adolescents in developing countries is scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in 15-year-old adolescents from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam.MethodsA cross-sectional, secondary analysis of the Young Lives cohort study was used. The exposure variable was the self-report of being a vegetarian (yes or no). The outcome was the level of emotional symptoms, numerically evaluated using the score obtained in the subscale “Emotional Symptoms” of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We calculated crude and adjusted coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), using generalized linear models of the Gaussian family, considering each sentinel site as a cluster. The analysis was stratified by country. Additionally, we made a global analysis including the four countries.ResultsA total of 3484 adolescents were analyzed. The overall prevalence of vegetarianism was 4.4%, but it varied between countries (from 0.4% in Vietnam to 11.5% in India). The average emotional symptoms score was 3.5 [standard deviation (SD) 2.3] points. The scores were not statistically different between vegetarians and non-vegetarians (p > 0.05). In the adjusted analysis, in Vietnam, vegetarians had lower emotional symptoms scores on average than non-vegetarians [β: −1.79; 95% CI: −3.05 to −0.55]. No differences were found neither in the other countries nor in the overall sample.ConclusionThere was no association between a vegetarian diet and emotional symptoms in the analyzed adolescents of four developing countries.

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