Sex and death: old cliché, new reality

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-512
Author(s):  
GIGI SANTOW
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Fatal Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Demographers have traditionally been preoccupied with human reproduction and mortality, and with the links, at different levels of aggregation, between the two. Today, when in some regions of the world sexual intercourse carries with it the risk not just of pregnancy but of fatal infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, that traditional preoccupation acquires a special urgency.

scholarly journals The World Health Organization’s Response to Emerging Human Immunodeficiency Virus Drug Resistance and a Call for Global Action

2017 ◽  
Vol 216 (suppl_9) ◽  
pp. S801-S804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bertagnolio ◽  
Rachel L Beanland ◽  
Michael R Jordan ◽  
Meg Doherty ◽  
Gottfried Hirnschall
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Action

COVID-19: Avoiding a second tragedy in a tuberculosis burdened country

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Raj Yadav ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Nitesh Gupta ◽  
Pranav Ish ◽  
Shibdas Chakrabarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
World Health ◽  
Special Population ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World

To the EditorNovel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first notified in December 2019 from Wuhan, China. Now, it has spread rapidly and has been declared a pandemic affecting over 200 countries with widespread morbidity and mortality. It has been postulated that the most vulnerable population are the elderly, people living in crowded areas, children and immune-compromised individuals, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The correlation of tuberculosis (TB), HIV and malnutrition are well documented and hence, people with tuberculosis should be considered as special population in this pandemic. TB is an ancient disease among humans recorded as far back as seventy thousand years which was declared a global public health emergency in 1993 by the World Health Organisation (WHO). India has the highest TB burden in the world.

Co-Occurrence of Chancroid and Gonorrhea

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Mutairi Nawaf ◽  
Arun Joshi ◽  
Mohammad Tayeh
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Urethral Discharge ◽  
Intramuscular Dose ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Genital Ulcers

Background: Gonorrhea and chancroid are common sexually transmitted infections in many parts of the world. Still, cooccurrence of these two conditions is uncommonly reported. Objective: We present here a patient who presented with painful genital ulcers and urethral discharge simultaneously acquired from a single exposure, which turned out to be chancroid and gonorrhea, respectively. Both conditions responded well to a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone 250 mg. Conclusion: This report describes the uncommon occurrence of gonorrhea and chancroid in a patient. Clinical features, relevant investigations, treatment options of these two sexually transmitted infections, and possible implications in view of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic are briefly discussed.

G2-S16 dendrimer as a candidate for a microbicide to prevent HIV-1 infection in women

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (27) ◽  
pp. 9732-9742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ceña-Diez ◽  
Pilar García-Broncano ◽  
Francisco Javier de la Mata ◽  
Rafael Gómez ◽  
Salvador Resino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Heterosexual Intercourse ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
Hiv 1

Unprotected heterosexual intercourse is the first route for sustaining the global spread of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), being responsible for 80% of new HIV-1 infections in the world.

Mephedrone and chemsex: when it stops being a party and becomes a fatal problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1028-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Troya ◽  
Amalia Martínez de Gándara ◽  
Pablo Ryan ◽  
Guillermo Cuevas ◽  
Virginia Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Gamma Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Chemsex is the use of psychoactive substances, mainly gamma-hydroxybutyrate, 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone), and methamphetamines to facilitate and enhance the experience of sexual intercourse. The toxicity of these drugs may be problematic and lead to a fatal outcome in some patients. We present the case of a 26-year-old man living with human immunodeficiency virus whose frequent use of mephedrone caused his death.

Conclusions and Future Predictions

2020 ◽  
pp. 399-412
Author(s):  
Michael B. A. Oldstone
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
New World ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Human History ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brave New World ◽  
New Challenges

This concluding chapter explains that as viruses like human immunodeficiency virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, Zika, and West Nile evolve and emerge, humans are faced with new challenges. Simultaneously, perceptions about new infections and new plagues continue to change. What can and should be done? One must now consider the possible return of smallpox and its use as a weapon of bioterrorism. Meanwhile, even as the march to contain measles and poliomyelitis viruses continues at an impressive pace, bumps and setbacks have been encountered along the way, especially with measles having recurred in 2019 at the time of writing this book. Ultimately, the history of viruses, plagues, and people is an account of the world and the events that shape it. In the end, the splendor of human history is not in wars won, dynasties formed, or financial empires built but in improvement of the human condition. The obliteration of diseases that impinge on people’s health is a regal yardstick of civilization’s success, and those who accomplish that task will be among the true navigators of a brave new world.

scholarly journals Donor and Recipient Envs from Heterosexual Human Immunodeficiency Virus Subtype C Transmission Pairs Require High Receptor Levels for Entry

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 4100-4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Alexander ◽  
Rebecca Lynch ◽  
Joseph Mulenga ◽  
Susan Allen ◽  
Cynthia A. Derdeyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Heterosexual Transmission ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Virus Subtype

ABSTRACT Compact, glycan-restricted envelope (Env) glycoproteins are selected during heterosexual transmission of subtype C HIV-1. Donor and recipient glycoproteins (Envs) from six transmission pairs were evaluated for entry into HeLa cells expressing different levels of CD4 and CCR5. Donor and recipient Envs demonstrated efficient entry into cells expressing high levels of CD4 and CCR5, and entry declined as CCR5 levels decreased. Infectivity for all Envs was severely impaired in cells expressing low levels of CD4, even at the highest CCR5 levels. In 5/6 pairs, there was no significant difference in efficiency of receptor utilization between the donor and recipient Envs in these HeLa-derived cell lines. Thus, HIV-1 transmission does not appear to select for viruses that can preferentially utilize low levels of entry receptors.

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