scholarly journals Mules in Southern Agriculture: Revisited

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 583-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
The South

AbstractThis article provides additional empirical evidence concerning the choice of the mule as the dominant draft animal in southern agricultural production in the latter 19th and early 20th century. While the mule was uniquely suited to the crops and climate of the region, two divergent arguments have been presented as to why the mule was the dominant draft animal in southern agricultural production. This research reevaluates these arguments and provides evidence that it was, in fact, the characteristics of this hybrid that made it the preferred draft animal for the South.

scholarly journals Regional variation in the distribution of property rights over land in sixteenth-century Ottoman rural Manisa

2020 ◽  
pp. 351-368
Author(s):  
Pinar Ceylan
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Production Systems

Concentrating on the Western Anatolian district of Manisa and employing tax surveys dating 1575, this study points to the regional variation in property rights institutions, which resulted in different inequality regimes across space. Empirical evidence suggests the existence of two agricultural production systems characterized by different property and surplus relations, in the southern and northern parts of the district in the late sixteenth century. Accordingly, inequality structures in these areas reflected region-specific patterns of property rights distribution within and across direct producers and landlords’ classes.

Evidence on the Use of Oxen in the Postbellum South

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin A. Garrett
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
American Economy

Given the importance of draft animals—horses, mules, and oxen—in the development of the American economy, it is surprising how little attention has been paid to their contribution. Moreover, this is not, in most cases, attributable to a lack of empirical evidence; the vast majority of the work on draft animals to date is found in oral history and folklore literature. While this literature delighted in presenting the sentiments and personal stories of a few rather than attempting to provide a broader perspective, it does provide valuable historical information. Not surprisingly, however, the sentiments of a few, perhaps sometimes embellished, occasionally led to conclusions that are not consistent with predictions. For example, recent evidence supports the superiority of mules over horses and oxen in southern agricultural production, which refutes the notion that southerners used the mule for cultural reasons (Garrett 1990; Kauffman 1993). As Rockoff (1991: 243) states, “One of the main functions of the economic historian, from the point of view of economics, is to examine the foundation of these myths.”

Modes of Agricultural Production in the South Pacific: A Rejoinder

1984 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Jiardaker ◽  
E. M. Fleming ◽  
G. T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South

Water Pricing for Agricultural Production in the South of Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoulkarim Esmaeili ◽  
Solmaz Vazirzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Water Pricing ◽  
The South

Agricultural Science and its Application

1961 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Ralph W. Phillips ◽  
Leslie T. C. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Winter Vegetables ◽  
Area North

China is a vast country, varying widely in its land, its climate, its agriculture and its people. Extending across some 35 degrees of latitude, and with extreme ranges in elevation and in precipitation, it has many types of agricultural production. At one extreme are the intensively cultivated rice fields of the south. On some of these, two crops of rice are grown per year; some are drained after the rice harvest for the production of a crop of winter vegetables. At the other extreme are the grassland areas of the northern Manchurian provinces, Inner Mongolia, Kansu, Chinghai, west Szechwan, Tibet and Sinkiang, with their herds of sheep, goats, cattle, yaks and camels. In between is the so-called wheat area, north of the Chingling Mountains and extending to the edge of the grasslands.

Clean water, sanitation and under-five children diarrhea incidence: Empirical evidence from the South Africa’s General Household Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun Olusola Omotayo ◽  
Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju ◽  
Abeeb Babatunde Omotoso ◽  
Adebayo Isaiah Ogunniyi ◽  
Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The South ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
General Household Survey

The Agricultural Revolution in Nineteenth-Century France

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Newell
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Regional Data ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Agricultural Revolution ◽  
Nineteenth Century France ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Agricultural Trends

The literature on French economic history generally dates the onset of the agricultural revolution in France from the midnineteenth century. However, the available empirical evidence on national agricultural trends, brought together in 1961 by Toutain, shows that the rapid, sustained growth in both total and per capita agricultural production comes earlier, during the period from 1815–24 to 1865–74. This article explores the sources of this rapid national growth by assembling and analyzing previously unutilized regional data on production and hectares of major field crops. The southern diffusion of mixed farming is identified as the change in the productive process which may account for the French agricultural revolution.

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