scholarly journals Changes in total and central adiposity and body fat distribution among 7–10-year-old schoolchildren in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2105-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Biazzi Leal ◽  
Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis ◽  
David Alejandro González-Chica ◽  
Filipe Ferreira da Costa ◽  
Dalton Francisco de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Skinfold Measurements ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Relative Change

AbstractObjectiveTo describe changes in total and central adiposity and body fat distribution in children over a 5-year period by investigating variations in BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and skinfold thicknesses (SFT).DesignA school-based sample of children from 2nd to 5th grades of elementary schools participated in two cross-sectional studies in 2002 (n 2936) and 2007 (n 1232).SettingPublic and private schools of Florianopolis, Brazil.SubjectsSchoolchildren aged 7–10 years had their weight, height, WC and SFT measured according to standard procedures. Body fat distribution was assessed by triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and medial calf skinfold measurements. Changes in BMI, WC, WHtR and SFT were analysed, adjusting for type of school and monthly family income.ResultsAdjusted mean differences between 2002 and 2007 for BMI and WC were always positive and of similar magnitude between boys and girls. However, a statistically significant increase was observed only for BMI (raw and Z-score values) in boys. WHtR remained stable in both sexes. Adjusted median values for SFT also increased in boys and girls, except for triceps skinfold. BMI, WC and SFT tended to increase across age classes in both sexes. The relative change observed for the median central skinfolds (subscapular and suprailiac) was greater than that of peripheral skinfolds (triceps and medial calf).ConclusionsThe subcutaneous adipose tissue (SFT) appeared to increase at a faster rate than total adiposity (BMI). The increase in central SFT indicates that the relative change is due primarily to a rise in central adiposity.

scholarly journals Relationship between fat distribution ratio and blood pressure in obese adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Henny Marina ◽  
Dany Hilmanto ◽  
Julistio Tb Djais
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Waist To Hip Ratio ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Central Fat

Background The incidence of obesity in big cities increasessignificantly. The association between obesity and increased riskof cardiovascular disease and hypertension in adults has beenknown but less information is available in adolescents. Similarly,the relationship between body-fat distribution and cardiovasculardiseases in adolescents is less clear tha that in adults.Objective This study aimed to determine the association betweenbody fat distribution and increased blood pressure in obeseadolescents in Bandung.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from June toAugust 2006. Subjects were students aged 15-18 years at highschools in Bandung with body mass index (BMI) measured usingCDC chart 2000 (> P95) and increased blood pressure (> P90)depended on age and gender according to National High BloodPressure Education Program Working Group on High BloodPressure in Children and Adolescents 2004. Waist-to-hip ratio(central fat), and subscapula skinfold-to-triceps skinfold ratio(peripheral fat) were used to measure fat distribution. Correlationbetween body fat distribution and blood pressure was analyzedusing Pearson correlation statistical test.Results Out of 3170 adolescents examined, 34 obese adolescentgirls and 43 obese adolescent boys had increased blood pressure.Correlation between waist-to-hip ratio and systole blood pressurein boys showed by r=0.495; P=0.003 and girls showed r=0.494;P=O.OOl. Correlation between subscapula skinfold-to-tricepsskinfold ratio in boys showed r=0.289; P=0.097 and girls showedby r=0.248; P=0.109.Conclusion Central fat is moderately correlated with increasedblood pressure in obese adolescents.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional versus Prospective Associations of Sleep Duration with Changes in Relative Weight and Body Fat Distribution

2007 ◽  
Vol 167 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Stranges ◽  
Francesco P. Cappuccio ◽  
Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala ◽  
Michelle A. Miller ◽  
Frances M. Taggart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Mediation role of body fat distribution (FD) on the relationship between CAV1 rs3807992 polymorphism and metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese women

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faezeh Abaj ◽  
Said Abdul Ghafour Saeedy ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in almost all chronic diseases. The most frequent methods for the calculation of a continuous MetS (cMetS) score have used the standardized residuals in linear regression (z-score). Recently, emerging data suggest that one of the main genetic targets is the CAV1, which plays a crucial role in regulating body fat distribution. This study is designed to investigate the relationship between CAV1 rs3807992 genotypes and cMetS, and to determine whether body fat distribution plays a mediating role in this regard. Methods The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 386 overweight and obese females. The CAV1 rs3807992 and body composition were measured by the PCR–RFLP method and bioelectrical impedance analysis, respectively. Serum profile of HDL-C, TGs, FPG, and Insulin were measured by standard protocols. Results GG allele carriers had significantly lowered Z-MAP (p = 0.02), total cMetS (p = 0.03) and higher Z-HDL (p = 0.001) compared with (A) allele carriers. There was a significant specific indirect effect (standardized coefficient = 0.19; 95% CI 0.01–0.4) of Visceral fat level (VFL). Although, total body fat was significantly associated with CAV1 rs3807992 and cMetS, the specific indirect effect was not significant (standardized coefficient = 0.21; 95% CI − 0.006, 0.44). VFL contributed to significant indirect effects of 35% on the relationship between CAV1 and cMetS. Conclusion Higher visceral adipose tissue may affect the relationship between CAV1 and cMetS. Although CAV1 rs3807992 is linked to VFL in our study, the influence of this polymorphism on MetS is not via total fat.

scholarly journals Impact of age on leptin and adiponectin independent of adiposity

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Britta Schautz ◽  
Wiebke Later ◽  
Martin Heller ◽  
Achim Peters ◽  
Manfred J. Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Age Related Changes

Age-related changes in leptin and adiponectin levels remain controversial, being affected by inconsistent normalisation for adiposity and body fat distribution in the literature. In a cross-sectional study on 210 Caucasians (127 women, eighty-three men, 18–78 years, BMI 16·8–46·8 kg/m2), we investigated the effect of age on adipokine levels independent of fat mass (FM measured by densitometry), visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes (VAT and SAT assessed by whole-body MRI). Adiponectin levels increased with age in both sexes, whereas leptin levels decreased with age in women only. There was an age-related increase in VAT (as a percentage of total adipose tissue, VAT%TAT), associated with a decrease in SATlegs%TAT. Adiposity was the main predictor of leptin levels, with 75·1 % of the variance explained by %FM in women and 76·6 % in men. Independent of adiposity, age had a minor contribution to the variance in leptin levels (5·2 % in women only). The variance in adiponectin levels explained by age was 14·1 % in women and 5·1 % in men. In addition, independent and inverse contributions to the variance in adiponectin levels were found for truncal SAT (explaining additional 3·0 % in women and 9·1 % in men) and VAT%TAT (explaining additional 13·0 % in men). In conclusion, age-related changes in leptin and adiponectin levels are opposite to each other and partly independent of adiposity and body fat distribution. Normalisation for adiposity but not for body fat distribution is required for leptin. Adiponectin levels are adversely affected by subcutaneous and visceral trunk fat.

A cross-sectional analysis of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in older females: association between body fat distribution and physical fitness

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Roberta Fernanda Da Silva ◽  
Juliana Marques Iwamoto ◽  
Dalton Müller Pessôa Filho ◽  
Henrique Luiz Monteiro ◽  
Rodrigo Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Sectional Analysis
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