scholarly journals Evaluation of a novel biomarker of added sugar intake (δ13C) compared with self-reported added sugar intake and the Healthy Eating Index-2010 in a community-based, rural US sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valisa E Hedrick ◽  
Brenda M Davy ◽  
Grace A Wilburn ◽  
A Hope Jahren ◽  
Jamie M Zoellner
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
C Value

AbstractObjectiveThe δ13C value of human blood is an emerging novel biomarker of added sugar (AS) intake for adults. However, no free-living, community-based assessments of comparative validity of this biomarker have been conducted. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine if Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) score, SoFAAS score (HEI-2010 sub-component for solid fat, alcohol and AS), AS and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intakes were associated with δ13C value of fingerstick blood in a community-based sample of adults, while controlling for relevant demographics.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of data obtained from assessments of BMI, dietary intake using 24 h recalls and a fingerstick blood sample was completed. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA.SettingRural Southwest Virginia, USA.SubjectsAdults (n 216) aged >18 years who consumed at least 837 kJ/d (200 kcal/d) from SSB.ResultsThis sample of adult participants with low socio-economic status demonstrated a mean HEI-2010 score of 43·4 (sd 12·2), mean SoFAAS score of 10·2 (sd 5·7), mean AS intake of 93 (sd 65) g/d and mean blood δ13C value of −18·88 (sd 0·7) ‰. In four separate regression models, HEI-2010 (R2=0·16), SoFAAS (R2=0·19), AS (R2=0·15) and SSB (R2=0·14) predicted δ13C value (all P≤0·001). Age was also predictive of δ13C value, but not sex or race.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that fingerstick δ13C value has the potential to be a minimally invasive method for assessing AS and SSB intake and overall dietary quality in community-based settings. Strengths, limitations and future areas of research for using an objective δ13C biomarker in diet-related public health studies are discussed.

scholarly journals Lower Healthy Eating Index-2005 dietary quality scores in older women with rheumatoid arthritis v. healthy controls

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Grimstvedt ◽  
Kathleen Woolf ◽  
Brandy-Joe Milliron ◽  
Melinda M Manore
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the dietary quality of older women with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to identify potential strategies to improve the nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional. Diet was assessed using 7 d food records and analysed for nutrient composition (Food Processor v. 7·11). Diet quality was determined using the HEI-2005, a measure of compliance with 2005 US Dietary Guidelines. Individuals with RA completed a self-reported evaluation of arthritis (pain scale and disability index). Independent two-tailed t tests or Mann–Whitney tests compared the differences between groups and correlations were computed between HEI-2005 and measures of disease reactivity.SettingArizona, USA.SubjectsOlder (≥ 55 years) women (n 108) with RA (n 52) and healthy controls (HC; n 56).ResultsThere were no differences between groups in age, weight, or BMI (kg/m2). HC participants had higher mean HEI-2005 scores for whole fruit (cups; P = 0·02), total fruit (cups; P = 0·05), whole grains (oz; P = 0·004), oil (g; P = 0·05) and total HEI score (P = 0·04) than the RA group. In the RA group, these same HEI components were inversely correlated with disability index (r = −0·20, P = 0·04). Participants with RA reported lower mean intakes of carbohydrate (g; P = 0·02), fibre (g; P = 0·01) and vitamin C (mg; P = 0·04).ConclusionsThis is the first study examining the dietary quality in older women with and without RA using the HEI-2005. Living with RA was associated with significantly lower dietary quality. Since even small changes in dietary quality can translate into better nutritional status, future interventions should focus on increasing dietary quality in this high-risk group.

scholarly journals Diet Quality Measured by Healthy Eating Index-2015 is Inversely Associated with Depression: NHANES 2011–2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 568-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
St John Katherine ◽  
David Gee
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Sugar Intake

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between diet quality and self-reported depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population. Methods A total of 8448 adults over the age of 20 were included in this study. Dietary data were based on 24-hour diet recalls and diet quality was measured using the USDA Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015. Symptoms of depression were assessed by trained interviewers using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression models determined whether HEI-2015 scores differed between depressed and non-depressed adults after controlling for age, gender, poverty income ratio, and body mass index. Additional logistic regression models examined the association of HEI-2015 diet components and risk of depression. Results The overall prevalence of depression in this sample was 9.3%. Rates of depression were higher among women, middle-aged adults, obese subjects, and those of lower socioeconomic status. Compared to non-depressed adults (n = 7665), depressed adults (n = 783) had a lower total HEI-2015 score. HEI-2015 score was significantly (P < 0.001) and inversely associated with depressive symptoms, both before and after adjusting for covariates. Greater intake of whole fruit, total protein, and lower added sugar intake was associated with a reduced risk of depression. Conclusions Dietitians should be aware that depressed patients may be consuming less-optimal diets than the non-depressed population and should assess diet quality. Lower intakes of whole fruit, total protein, and higher added sugar intake in particular may be prevalent in those with depressive symptoms. All health professionals should encourage a better balanced diet, and a diet pattern that adheres to the 2015–2020 DGA should be promoted for overall health. Funding Sources Central Washington University.

Dietary quality differs among cannabis use groups: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–16

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amy R Gelfand ◽  
Christy C Tangney
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Adult Participants

Abstract Objective: To describe diet quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) and Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015)) according to self-reported cannabis use among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) adult participants. Design: Utilizing cross-sectional data, we assessed diet quality with up to two 24-h diet recalls from NHANES participants. Usual intakes were estimated via the multivariate Markov Chain–Monte Carlo method. Diet quality scores were compared among never users, previous users and current users of cannabis. Setting: NHANES surveys from 2005 to 2016. Participants: Adult NHANES participants (17 855) aged 20–59 years with valid data for dietary recalls and drug use questionnaires. Results: Current adult cannabis users (ages 20–59 years) had significantly lower total diet quality (HEI-2010) scores (51·8 ± 0·7) compared with previous (56·2 ± 0·4) and never users (57·7 ± 0·4). Similar differences in total and individual HEI-2015 scores were observed. For the HEI-2015 scores, cannabis users had a significantly higher (better) sodium scores (4·1 ± 0·2) compared with never users (3·3 ± 0·1) and previous users (3·2 ± 0·1). Cannabis users scored lower compared with never users on total vegetables (3·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·7 ± 0·0), total fruit (2·1 ± 0·1 v. 3·0 ± 0·1) and whole fruit (2·2 ± 0·1 v. 3·3 ± 0·1) for the HEI-2015 index. Conclusions: Current cannabis users’ usual intakes reflect lower diet quality compared with never or previous users, particularly lower subcomponent scores of total vegetables, greens and beans, total fruit and whole fruit. Cannabis users should increase their intake of fruit and vegetables to improve overall diet quality.

scholarly journals Breakfast in Denmark. Prevalence of Consumption, Intake of Foods, Nutrients and Dietary Quality. A Study from the International Breakfast Research Initiative

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisse Fagt ◽  
Jeppe Matthiessen ◽  
Camilla Thyregod ◽  
Karsten Kørup ◽  
Anja Biltoft-Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Total Fat

Breakfast is considered by many to be the most important meal of the day. This study examined the intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast among Danes and the relation to the overall dietary quality. Data were derived from the Danish National Survey on Diet and Physical Activity 2011–2013, a cross-sectional national food consumption study. A total of 3680 participants aged 6–75 years were included in the analyses of breakfast consumption. The Nutrient Rich Food Index 9.3 method was used to examine the overall dietary quality of the diet. The intake of nutrients and foods at breakfast were compared across dietary quality score tertiles by ANCOVA adjusted for energy and socio economic status. Breakfast was eaten frequently by children and adults and contributed with 18–20% of total energy intake. Breakfast was relatively high in dietary fibre, B vitamins, calcium and magnesium and low in added sugar, total fat, sodium, vitamin A and D. A decrease in the intake of added sugar, total fat and saturated fat and an increase in the intake of dietary fibre and most micronutrients were seen across tertiles of dietary quality scores. Commonly consumed foods provided at breakfast in Denmark included bread, breakfast cereals and dairy products as well as water, coffee and juice, while intakes of fruits, vegetables, cakes and soft drinks were low.

scholarly journals Comparison and evaluation of dietary quality between older and younger Mexican-American women

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2615-2624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle AP Pignotti ◽  
Sonia Vega-López ◽  
Colleen Keller ◽  
Michael Belyea ◽  
Barbara Ainsworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mexican American ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Developmental Transition ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions

AbstractObjectiveTo compare and evaluate the dietary quality of young and older sedentary Mexican-American women. Understanding key dietary concerns, while considering developmental transition periods and cultural relevance, can provide insight for developing appropriate nutrition interventions.DesignCross-sectional dietary data were collected using unannounced 24 h diet recalls to assess nutrient intake adequacy (Estimated Average Requirement cut-point method) and dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2010).SettingMujeres en Acción and Madres para la Salud, two community-based physical activity interventions.SubjectsParticipants were 139 young (28 (sd 6) years) and 124 older (55 (sd 7) years) overweight/obese sedentary Mexican-American women (BMI=25·0–35·0 kg/m2) of low socio-economic status.ResultsOlder women consumed less Ca, Fe, folate, empty calories and energy from carbohydrate, but more fruit, vegetables, greens and beans, and fibre than younger women (all P<0·05). Over 60 % of all participants had an intake below recommendations for fibre, Ca, vitamin E, vitamin C and folate. Both groups had low total HEI-2010 scores (62 for older and 63 for younger women; NS), with 57 % of older and 48 % of younger women classified as having a poor diet.ConclusionsDespite differences in nutrient requirements according to developmental transition periods (childbearing v. perimenopausal), overall, older and younger Mexican-American women generally had low-quality diets and may benefit from dietary quality improvement.

scholarly journals Diet quality in a sample of adults from Cuiabá (MT), Brazil: association with sociodemographic factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anarlete da Silva Loureiro ◽  
Regina Maria Veras Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Paulo Rogério Melo Rodrigues ◽  
Rosângela Alves Pereira ◽  
Loiva Lide Wendpap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dietary quality of adults and to identify associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in a sample of adults (n=195), aged 20-50 years, of both genders, from a population-based study in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Food consumption data was collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and body composition data were also collected. Diet quality was analyzed by the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised. The associations were estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS: The mean Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score was 75.2 points (CI95%=74.2-76.1), which differed significantly between the genders (p=0.03). Women had higher scores for whole fruit and sodium (p<0.01), while men had higher scores for oils, nuts, and fish fat (p=0.02). Individuals aged >30 years had higher total Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised score and higher scores for the groups whole fruit; saturated fat; and calories from solid fats, alcoholic beverages, and added sugar (p<0.01). The Poisson regression between high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised and the independent variables showed that high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised was associated with being female, being aged 30 years or more, and being from families whose household head had 8 or more years of formal education. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with high Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised were age, gender, and education level of the household head.

scholarly journals Diet quality on meatless days: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1564-1573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Micaela Karlsen ◽  
Kenneth Chui ◽  
Lisa Jahns
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
National Health ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Game Birds

AbstractObjectiveTo compare diet quality scores between adult non-meat eaters and meat eaters, and to compare the consumption of diet components across quintiles of diet quality.DesignCross-sectional analysis. The Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) were used to assess mean diet quality. Differences in consumption of diet components between quintiles of diet quality were tested usingpost hocWald tests andztests.SettingThe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007–2012.SubjectsThe sample consisted of 16810 respondents aged≥18 years, including 280 individuals who reported not consuming meat, poultry, game birds or seafood on two non-consecutive days of dietary recall. Dietary data were obtained from one dietary recall per individual.ResultsNon-meat eaters had substantially greater HEI-2010 and AHEI-2010 scores than meat eaters (P<0·05). Among non-meat eaters, mean consumption across HEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of empty calories and unsaturated:saturated fatty acids. Mean consumption across AHEI-2010 quintiles demonstrated different (P<0·05) amounts of nuts and legumes, vegetables and PUFA.ConclusionsPublic health messages targeted at vegetarians and others who may choose to eat meat-free on certain days should emphasize decreased consumption of empty calories, and increased consumption of nuts and legumes, PUFA and vegetables, as a way to improve overall dietary quality.

scholarly journals Dietary Quality Determined by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Biomarkers of Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Middle-to-Older Aged Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seán R. Millar ◽  
Pilar Navarro ◽  
Janas M. Harrington ◽  
Ivan J. Perry ◽  
Catherine M. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet Score

Low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with a range of chronic diseases. Diet may modulate inflammation and represents a promising therapeutic target to reduce metabolic dysfunction. To date, no study has examined Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) diet score associations with biomarkers of inflammation. Thus, our objective was to assess relationships between the HEI-2015 score and a range of inflammatory biomarkers in a cross-sectional sample of 1989 men and women aged 46–73 years, to test the hypothesis that better dietary quality would be associated with more favourable circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipocytokines, acute-phase response proteins, coagulation factors and white blood cell counts were determined. Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to test HEI-2015 diet score relationships with biomarker concentrations. Higher dietary quality as determined by the HEI-2015 was associated with lower c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 concentrations, white blood cell (WBC) counts and its constituents, adjusting for sex and age. Associations with CRP concentrations and WBC counts persisted in the fully adjusted models. No associations with complement component 3, tumour necrosis factor alpha, adiponectin, leptin, resistin or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels were identified. Our data suggest that dietary quality, determined by the HEI-2015 score, in middle-to-older aged adults is associated with inflammatory biomarkers related to cardiometabolic health.

The impact of slum dwelling on healthy eating index in the border of Tehran

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Foruzan Rajabzadeh ◽  
Mirsaeed Yekaninejad ◽  
Mohammadali Moshtaq ◽  
Shima Kordi ◽  
Aliyu Tijani Jibril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Life conditions for most slum dwellers are deplorable, with poor socio-economic status and high rates of malnutrition and communicable diseases. Studies have shown lower intake of many nutrients in such people, but no study yet has checked the quality of diet using Healthy Eating Index (HEI) in them. This study aims to assess the quality of diet among slum dwellers of Tehran using the HEI-2015. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 slum dwellers from two slums located on the border of Tehran city which is the capital of Iran. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select subjects for this study. Data on socioeconomic characteristics and 24-hours dietary recalls were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the respondents by trained personnel. Findings The overall diet quality of the respondents was poor, with a mean HEI score of 40.9 ± 23.7. About 84% of the participants had low overall HEI scores. A significant relation was seen in the following: the HEI and educational level (p = 0.044); the HEI and employment status (p = 0.001); and the HEI and chronic diseases (p = 0.049). There was no significant difference between the mean HEI score and marital status, welfare status and addiction status. From the findings, the diet of most of these slum dwellers needs modification. Therefore, taking measures to reduce slum dwelling and to improve the nutritional intake of this study population is needed. Originality/value The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.

scholarly journals Diet Quality Index for older adults (DQI-65): development and use in predicting adherence to dietary recommendations and health markers in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Nicole Dorrington ◽  
Rosalind Fallaize ◽  
Ditte A. Hobbs ◽  
Michelle Weech ◽  
Julie A. Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Diet quality indexes (DQIs) are useful tools for assessing diet quality in relation to health and guiding delivery of personalised nutritional advice, however existing DQIs are limited in their applicability to older adults (aged ≥65 years). Therefore, this research aimed to develop a novel evidence-based DQI specific to older adults (DQI-65). Three DQI-65 variations were developed to assess the impacts of different component quantitation methods and inclusion of physical activity. The variations were: Nutrient and Food-based DQI-65 (NFDQI-65), NFDQI-65 with Physical Activity (NFDQI-65+PA) and Food-based DQI-65 with Physical Activity (FDQI-65+PA). To assess their individual efficacy, the NFDQI-65, NFDQI-65+PA and FDQI-65+PA were explored alongside the validated Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) using data from the cross-sectional UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) rolling programme. Scores for DQI-65 variations, the HEI-2015 and AHEI-2010 were calculated for adults ≥65 years from years 2-6 of the NDNS (n=871). Associations with nutrient intake, nutrient status and health markers were analysed using linear and logistic regression. Higher DQI-65s and HEI-2015 scores were associated with increased odds of meeting almost all of our previously proposed age-specific nutritional recommendations, and with health markers of importance for older adults, including lower body mass index, lower medication use and lower C-reactive protein (P<0.01). Few associations were observed for the AHEI-2010. This analysis suggests value of all three DQI-65s as measures of dietary quality in UK older adults. However, methodological limitations mean further investigations are required to assess validity and reliability of the DQI-65s.

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