scholarly journals Cross-sectional association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level in Mexican adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy López-Olmedo ◽  
Barry M Popkin ◽  
Penny Gordon-Larsen ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

AbstractObjective:Understanding the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk by education level is important for preventing increased cardiometabolic risk in the Mexican population, especially considering pre-existing disparities in diet quality. The present study examined the cross-sectional association of overall diet quality with cardiometabolic risk, overall and by education level, among Mexican men and women.Design:Cardiometabolic risk was defined by using biomarkers and diet quality by the Mexican Diet Quality Index. We computed sex-specific multivariable logistic regression models.Setting:Mexico.Participants:Mexican men (n 634) and women (n 875) participating in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012.Results:We did not find associations of diet quality with cardiometabolic risk factors in the total sample or in men by education level. However, we observed that for each 10-unit increase in the dietary quality score, the odds of diabetes risk in women with no reading/writing skills was 0·47 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·85) relative to the odds in women with ≥10 years of school (referent). Similarly, for each 10-unit increase of the dietary quality score, the odds of having three v. no lipid biomarker level beyond the risk threshold in lower-educated women was 0·27 (95 % CI 0·12, 0·63) relative to the odds in higher-educated women.Conclusions:Diet quality has a stronger protective association with some cardiometabolic disease risk factors for lower- than higher-educated Mexican women, but no association with cardiometabolic disease risk factors among men. Future research will be needed to understand what diet factors could be influencing the cardiometabolic disease risk disparities in this population.

scholarly journals Cognitive function and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in rural South Africa: baseline evidence from the HAALSI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Houle ◽  
Thomas Gaziano ◽  
Meagan Farrell ◽  
F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé ◽  
Lindsay C. Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Rural South Africa ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Abstract Background Evidence on cognitive function in older South Africans is limited, with few population-based studies. We aimed to estimate baseline associations between cognitive function and cardiometabolic disease risk factors in rural South Africa. Methods We use baseline data from “Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa” (HAALSI), a population-based study of adults aged 40 and above in rural South Africa in 2015. Cognitive function was measured using measures of time orientation, immediate and delayed recall, and numeracy adapted from the Health and Retirement Study cognitive battery (overall total cognitive score range 0–26). We used multiple linear regression to estimate associations between cardiometabolic risk factors (including BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, history of stroke, alcohol frequency, and smoking status) and the overall cognitive function score, adjusted for potential confounders. Results In multivariable-adjusted analyses (n = 3018; male = 1520; female = 1498; median age 59 (interquartile range 50–67)), cardiometabolic risk factors associated with lower cognitive function scores included: diabetes (b = − 1.11 [95% confidence interval: − 2.01, − 0.20] for controlled diabetes vs. no diabetes); underweight BMI (b = − 0.87 [CI: − 1.48, − 0.26] vs. normal BMI); and current and past smoking history compared to never smokers. Factors associated with higher cognitive function scores included: obese BMI (b = 0.74 [CI: 0.39, 1.10] vs. normal BMI); and controlled hypertension (b = 0.53 [CI: 0.11, 0.96] vs. normotensive). Conclusions We provide an important baseline from rural South Africa on the associations between cardiometabolic disease risk factors and cognitive function in an older, rural South African population using standardized clinical measurements and cut-offs and widely used cognitive assessments. Future studies are needed to clarify temporal associations as well as patterns between the onset and duration of cardiometabolic conditions and cognitive function. As the South African population ages, effective management of cardiometabolic risk factors may be key to lasting cognitive health.

scholarly journals Duration of obesity exposure between ages 10 and 40 years and its relationship with cardiometabolic disease risk factors: A cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1003387
Author(s):  
Tom Norris ◽  
Tim J. Cole ◽  
David Bann ◽  
Mark Hamer ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Lifetime Exposure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Background Individuals with obesity do not represent a homogeneous group in terms of cardiometabolic risk. Using 3 nationally representative British birth cohorts, we investigated whether the duration of obesity was related to heterogeneity in cardiometabolic risk. Methods and findings We used harmonised body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic disease risk factor data from 20,746 participants (49.1% male and 97.2% white British) enrolled in 3 British birth cohort studies: the 1946 National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD), the 1958 National Child Development Study (NCDS), and the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70). Within each cohort, individual life course BMI trajectories were created between 10 and 40 years of age, and from these, age of obesity onset, duration spent obese (range 0 to 30 years), and cumulative obesity severity were derived. Obesity duration was examined in relation to a number of cardiometabolic disease risk factors collected in mid-adulthood: systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). A greater obesity duration was associated with worse values for all cardiometabolic disease risk factors. The strongest association with obesity duration was for HbA1c: HbA1c levels in those with obesity for <5 years were relatively higher by 5% (95% CI: 4, 6), compared with never obese, increasing to 20% (95% CI: 17, 23) higher in those with obesity for 20 to 30 years. When adjustment was made for obesity severity, the association with obesity duration was largely attenuated for SBP, DBP, and HDL-C. For HbA1c, however, the association with obesity duration persisted, independent of obesity severity. Due to pooling of 3 cohorts and thus the availability of only a limited number harmonised variables across cohorts, our models included adjustment for only a small number of potential confounding variables, meaning there is a possibility of residual confounding. Conclusions Given that the obesity epidemic is characterised by a much earlier onset of obesity and consequently a greater lifetime exposure, our findings suggest that health policy recommendations aimed at preventing early obesity onset, and therefore reducing lifetime exposure, may help reduce the risk of diabetes, independently of obesity severity. However, to test the robustness of our observed associations, triangulation of evidence from different epidemiological approaches (e.g., mendelian randomization and negative control studies) should be obtained.

scholarly journals Diet scores and cardio-metabolic risk factors among Guatemalan young adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1805-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cria O. Gregory ◽  
Marjorie L. McCullough ◽  
Manuel Ramirez-Zea ◽  
Aryeh D. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factor ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

We assessed the association of four diet quality scores with multiple cardio-metabolic outcomes among Guatemalan young adults experiencing the nutrition transition. We obtained cross-sectional dietary, demographic, anthropometric and cardio-metabolic risk factor data from 1220 Guatemalan adults (mean age 32·7 (sd 5·8) years) in 2002–4, and computed a Recommended Food Score (RFS), Not Recommended Food Score (NRFS), Food Variety Score (FVS) and the Dietary Quality Index-International (DQI-I). All four scores were correlated with energy intake (r 0·23–0·49; all P < 0·01), but had varying associations with socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and nutrient intakes. None of the scores was inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome or its components; rather some were positively associated with risk factors. Among both men and women the DQI-I was positively associated with BMI (kg/m2; β = 0·10, 95 % CI 0·003, 0·21 (men); β = 0·07, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·14 (women)) and waist circumference (cm; β = 0·02, 95 % CI 0·01, 0·03 (men); β = 0·02, 95 % CI = 0·01, 0·02 (women)). Among men, the RFS was positively associated with TAG (mg/l; β = 0·11, 95 % CI 0·02, 0·21) and glucose (mg/l; β = 0·13: 95 % CI 0·03, 0·22). We conclude that indices of diet quality are not consistently associated with chronic disease risk factor prevalence in this population of Guatemalan young adults.

scholarly journals Inflammatory markers are altered in severe mental disorders independent of comorbid cardiometabolic disease risk factors – ERRATUM

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1758-1758
Author(s):  
Ragni H. Mørch ◽  
Ingrid Dieset ◽  
Ann Færden ◽  
Elina J. Reponen ◽  
Sigrun Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Hepatic fibrosis associates with multiple cardiometabolic disease risk factors: The Framingham Heart Study

Hepatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle T. Long ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Hanfei Xu ◽  
Ching‐Ti Liu ◽  
Kathleen E. Corey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Framingham Heart Study ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Relationship between plasma vitamin D level and cardiometabolic disease risk factors

2012 ◽  
pp. BMP38
Author(s):  
Alaa Badawi ◽  
Bibiana Garcia-Bailo ◽  
Eman Sadoun ◽  
Laura Da Costa ◽  
Paul Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Food and plant bioactives for reducing cardiometabolic disease risk: an evidence based approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2076-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrigo F. G. Cicero ◽  
Federica Fogacci ◽  
Alessandro Colletti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

Nutraceuticals active on the main cardiovascular disease risk factors.

scholarly journals Modeling Sleep and Adiposity-Associated Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors: Protocol for the SLUMBRx Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Knowlden ◽  
John Higginbotham ◽  
Michael Grandner ◽  
John Allegrante
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Adiposity Indices ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

BACKGROUND Obesity and short sleep duration are significant public health issues. Current evidence suggests these conditions are associated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, and premature mortality. Increased interest in the potential link between obesity and short sleep duration, and its health consequences, has been driven by: 1) the apparent parallel increase in prevalence of both conditions in recent decades; 2) their overlapping association with cardiometabolic outcomes; and 3) the potential causal connection between the two health issues. The Short Sleep Undermines Cardiometabolic Health (SLUMBRx) Study seeks to contribute to the development of a comprehensive adiposity-sleep model, while laying the groundwork for a future program of research that will be designed to prevent and treat adiposity and sleep-related cardiometabolic disease risk factors. OBJECTIVE SLUMBRx addresses four topics pertinent to the adiposity-sleep hypothesis: 1) the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; 2) sex-based differences in the relationship between adiposity and sleep duration; 3) influence of adiposity indices and sleep duration on cardiometabolic outcomes; and 4) the role of socioecological factors as effect modifiers in the relationship between adiposity indices, sleep, and cardiometabolic outcomes. METHODS SLUMBRx will employ a large-scale survey (n=1,000) that recruits 159 participants (53 normal weight, 53 overweight, and 53 obese) to be assessed in two phases. RESULTS Phase 1, a lab-based study, will gather objective adiposity indices (air displacement plethysmography and anthropometrics) and cardiometabolic data (blood pressure, pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis, and blood-based biomarker). Phase 2, a one-week, home-based study, will gather sleep-related data (home sleep testing/sleep apnea, actigraphy, sleep diaries). During Phase 2, detailed demographic and socioecological data will be collected to contextualize hypothesized adiposity and sleep-associated cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Collection and analyses of these data will yield information necessary to customize future observational and intervention research. CONCLUSIONS Precise implementation of the SLUMBRx protocol promises to provide objective, empirical data on the interaction between body composition and sleep duration. The hypotheses that will be tested by SLUMBRx are important for understanding the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease and for developing future public health interventions to prevent its conception and treat its consequences. CLINICALTRIAL https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=9822114&icde=45818775

scholarly journals Effects of nopales intake on cardiometabolic disease risk factors among moderately hypercholesterolemic adults (642.4)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Pereira Pignotti ◽  
Ginger Hook ◽  
Emily Ghan ◽  
Sonia Vega‐López
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

scholarly journals Single-Arm 8-Week Ad Libitum Self-Prepared Paleo Diet Reduces Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Factors in Overweight Adults

2019 ◽  
pp. 155982761986615
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Markofski ◽  
Kristofer Jennings ◽  
Chad Dolan ◽  
Natalie A. Davies ◽  
Emily C. LaVoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease ◽  
Paleo Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Physically Inactive ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disease Risk

The paleo diet is popular among the general population due to promoted weight loss and disease prevention benefits. We examined the effectiveness of a self-administered paleo diet in improving cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Overweight, physically inactive but otherwise healthy adults (males = 4, females = 3, age 32.7 ± 4.9 years, body mass index [BMI] 29.4 ± 2.4 kg/m2) habitually eating a traditional Western diet (1853.4 ± 441.2 kcal; 34.0% carbohydrate; 41.4% fat; 19.2% protein) completed an ad libitum self-administered paleo diet for 8 weeks. Height, weight, blood pressure, and a fasting blood sample were collected pre– and post–paleo dietary intervention. Blood samples were analyzed for fasting cardiometabolic disease biomarkers—including brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, and leptin. After 8 weeks, body mass (−5.3 kg, P = .008), BMI (−1.7 kg/m2, P = .002), serum leptin (−56.2%, P = .012), serum FGF21 (−26.7%, P = .002), and serum BDNF (−25.8%, P = .045) significantly decreased. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were unchanged following the paleo dietary intervention ( P > .05). Average energy intake (−412.6 kcal, P = .016) significantly decreased with the paleo dietary intervention mostly due to a reduction in carbohydrate consumption (−69.2 g; P = .003). An 8-week self-administered paleo dietary intervention was effective in improving cardiometabolic disease risk factors in a healthy, physically inactive overweight adult population.

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