Global patterns in vision loss burden due to Vitamin A deficiency from 1990 to 2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Yufeng Xu ◽  
Yi Shan ◽  
Xiling Lin ◽  
Qi Miao ◽  
Lixia Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Abstract Objective: To investigate the vision loss burden due to vitamin A deficiency (VAD) at the global, regional, and national levels by year, age, sex, and socioeconomic status using prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). Design: International, retrospective, comparative burden-of-disease study. Setting: Prevalence and YLDs data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017. The association of age-standardized YLD rates and human development index (HDI) was tested by Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses. The Gini coefficient and concentration index (CI) were calculated to demonstrate the trends in between-country inequality in vision loss burden due to VAD. Participants: All participants met the GBD inclusion criteria. Results: The age-standardized prevalence rate increased by 9.2%, while the age-standardized YLD rates rose by 10.8% from 1990 to 2017. Notably, the vision loss burden caused by VAD showed a declining trend since 2014. The vision loss burden was more concentrated in the post-neonatal age group and decreased with increasing age. The age-standardized YLD rates were inversely correlated with HDI (r = -0.2417, p = 0.0084). The CI and Gini coefficients indicated that socioeconomic-related and between-country inequality declined from 2000 to 2017. VAD was the 8th leading cause of the age-standardized prevalence rate and 9th leading cause of age-standardized YLDs rate among 15 causes of vision loss in 2017. Conclusion: VAD has become one of the significant leading causes of vision loss globally. Efforts to control vision impairment related to VAD are needed, especially for children in countries with lower socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Updates on Vision From the Global Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 808-808
Author(s):  
Jaimie Adelson ◽  
Paul Briant ◽  
Seth Flaxman ◽  
Hugh Taylor ◽  
Serge Resnikoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability ◽  
Uncorrected Refractive Error

Abstract The Global Burden of Disease study estimates the prevalence of vision loss by WHO severity group, and the distribution of vision loss due to underlying causes such as cataract, glaucoma, and uncorrected refractive error. Data sources include national and local surveys, and scientific literature, with over 500 sources in 113 countries. Cause-specific prevalence estimates were proportionally fit into estimates of total vision loss by severity. Globally, 821.9 million (95% UI=682.2–970.4) people experienced moderate or worse distance vision loss or near vision loss in 2019 (age-standardized prevalence = 0.10, UI=0.08–0.12). Of these, 41.9 million (UI=36.4–46.8) were blind. The majority of Years Lived with Disability due to vision loss occurred in people with cataract and uncorrected refractive error. Vision loss numbers will continue to increase due to aging populations. Main causes of vision loss are correctable and, therefore, should be major targets of interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Vitamin A Deficiency among Children and Women in Senegal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mane Hélène Faye ◽  
Nicole Idohou-Dossou ◽  
Abdou Badiane ◽  
Anta Agne-Djigo ◽  
Papa Mamadou DD Sylla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Like many developing countries, Senegal does not have data on the extent of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) that is representative of its population. The present survey was conducted to fill this gap and to identify factors associated with VAD, prior to the introduction of a large-scale vitamin A oil fortification program. Procedures: A nationwide representative cross-sectional survey involving 1887 children 12 to 59 months old and 1316 women of reproductive age (WRA) was conducted. Blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of retinol (PR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acidglycoprotein were measured. PR was adjusted for subclinical inflammation using the BRINDA regression methodology. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with VAD. Findings: The adjusted prevalence of VAD (PR ≤ 0.7 μmol/L) in children was 15.3% and differed by age group, area of residence, and socioeconomic status and half of them had subclinical inflammation. Among WRA, VAD was low (2.3%) and 18.1% had vitamin A insufficiency (VAI). Pregnant women were more affected by VAI (28.4%) and Dakar had lower figures compared with other cities and rural strata. Prevalence of VAI decreased with increasing wealth quintile. In logistic regression, abnormal CRP, poverty, scarce consumption of poultry, oysters, melon, red palm oil, palm kernel oil, Saba senegalensis fruit pulp (Maad) and cowpea, frequent consumption of leeks and consumption of Leptadenia hastata leaves (Mbuum tiakhat), were associated with VAD in children. For women, lower socioeconomic status, fair or poor health status and anemia were negatively associated with VAI. Conclusions: In Senegal, VAD is a moderate public health problem in children and slight among women. Particular attention should be paid to children older than 23 months, pregnant women, rural populations, and poorest households. Nutritional interventions should be implemented alongside morbidity prevention and control. Keywords: vitamin A deficiency, children 12-59 months, women of reproductive age, Senegal.

Vision Loss Due to Severe Vitamin A Deficiency After Biliopancreatic Diversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulya Calikoglu ◽  
Ozlem Soyluk Selcukbiricik ◽  
Serife Bayraktar ◽  
Umut Barbaros
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Biliopancreatic Diversion ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Severe Vitamin

scholarly journals Severe Vitamin a Deficiency After Biliopancreatic Diversion (P12-051-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Lemieux ◽  
Vijaya Surampudi
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Injection Site ◽  
Biliopancreatic Diversion ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Skin Testing ◽  
Injection Site Reaction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Night Vision ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies

Abstract Objectives Introduction: Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is a surgical procedure that causes weight loss via volume restriction and malabsorption. It is now rarely performed due to the risk of severe nutritional deficiencies including Vitamin A (1). Methods Case Description: A 68-year-old female status-post BPD in 1987 was referred for vitamin A deficiency. She initially had diminished night vision that progressed to left eye blindness by the time of her diagnosis in 2013. She was treated with oral vitamin A 100,000 IU daily; however, levels did not normalize, and her retinopathy progressed. She was later treated with intramuscular vitamin A and developed injection site rashes (Figure 1) thought to be due to an injection site reaction versus type IV hypersensitivity. Over time her vitamin A levels improved but her vision did not. Results Vitamin A deficiency is a preventable complication of BPD and can lead to permanent vision loss. A study of 376 BPD patients found that 1 year after surgery vitamin A levels were low in 52% and 4 years this increased to 69% despite supplementation compliance (2). Vitamin A injection site rashes have been reported in one case series of 3 patients (3), and skin testing revealed sensitivity to polysorbate 80. This is an emulsifier found in injectable vitamin A palmitate, other parental medications and some vaccines (3). Conclusions Vitamin screening is important in post-bariatric surgery patients. Rash following intramuscular vitamin A is uncommon and should be closely monitored for progressive allergic reaction and potential for reactions to other medications that contain similar components. Funding Sources None. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

The prevalence and burden of mental and substance use disorders in Australia: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana G Ciobanu ◽  
Alize J Ferrari ◽  
Holly E Erskine ◽  
Damian F Santomauro ◽  
Fiona J Charlson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

Objectives: Timely and accurate assessments of disease burden are essential for developing effective national health policies. We used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 to examine burden due to mental and substance use disorders in Australia. Methods: For each of the 20 mental and substance use disorders included in Global Burden of Disease Study 2015, systematic reviews of epidemiological data were conducted, and data modelled using a Bayesian meta-regression tool to produce prevalence estimates by age, sex, geography and year. Prevalence for each disorder was then combined with a disorder-specific disability weight to give years lived with disability, as a measure of non-fatal burden. Fatal burden was measured as years of life lost due to premature mortality which were calculated by combining the number of deaths due to a disorder with the life expectancy remaining at the time of death. Disability-adjusted life years were calculated by summing years lived with disability and years of life lost to give a measure of total burden. Uncertainty was calculated around all burden estimates. Results: Mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of non-fatal burden in Australia in 2015, explaining 24.3% of total years lived with disability, and were the second leading cause of total burden, accounting for 14.6% of total disability-adjusted life years. There was no significant change in the age-standardised disability-adjusted life year rates for mental and substance use disorders from 1990 to 2015. Conclusion: Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 found that mental and substance use disorders were leading contributors to disease burden in Australia. Despite several decades of national reform, the burden of mental and substance use disorders remained largely unchanged between 1990 and 2015. To reduce this burden, effective population-level preventions strategies are required in addition to effective interventions of sufficient duration and coverage.

scholarly journals Prevalence and causes of vision loss in China from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e682-e691
Author(s):  
Tingling Xu ◽  
Bingsong Wang ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
Haidong Wang ◽  
Peng Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disease Study

scholarly journals Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

The Lancet ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 380 (9859) ◽  
pp. 2163-2196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo Vos ◽  
Abraham D Flaxman ◽  
Mohsen Naghavi ◽  
Rafael Lozano ◽  
Catherine Michaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Years Lived With Disability
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