Exercise interventions for patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review of recruitment, attrition, and exercise adherence rates

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-696
Author(s):  
G. Sheill ◽  
E. Guinan ◽  
L. Brady ◽  
D. Hevey ◽  
J. Hussey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Patient Reported

AbstractPurposePatients with advanced cancer can experience debilitating physical symptoms, making participation in exercise programs difficult. This systematic review investigated the recruitment, adherence, and attrition rates of patients with advanced cancer participating in exercise interventions and examined components of exercise programs that may affect these rates.MethodsRelevant studies were identified in a systematic search of CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and EMBASE to December 2017. Two quality assessment tools were used, and levels of evidence were assigned according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM) guidelines.ResultsThe search identified 18 studies published between 2004 and 2017. Recruitment, adherence, and attrition rates varied widely among the studies reviewed. The mean recruitment rate was 49% (standard deviation [SD] = 17; range 15–74%). Patient-reported barriers to recruitment included time constraints and difficulties in traveling to exercise centers. Levels of adherence ranged from 44% to 95%; however, the definition of adherence varied substantially among trials. The average attrition rate was 24% (SD = 8; range 10–42%), with progression of disease status reported as the main cause for dropout during exercise interventions.Significance of resultsConcentrated efforts are needed to increase the numbers of patients with advanced disease recruited to exercise programs. Broadening the eligibility criteria for exercise interventions may improve accrual numbers of patients with advanced cancer to exercise trials and ensure patients recruited are representative of clinical practice.

Effects of upper limb exercise programs on the arteriovenous fistula in patients on hemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 112972982110011
Author(s):  
Francini Porcher Andrade ◽  
Heloíse Benvenutti ◽  
Kacylen Costa da Silva ◽  
Paula Maria Eidt Rovedder
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Limb Exercise

Background: The arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a commonly used vascular access for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients; exercise interventions may boost its maturation and help in its maintenance. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials on the effects of upper limb exercise programs on the AVF was conducted. Methods: The primary outcomes were draining vein diameter (DVD) and draining vein blood flow rate (DVBFR), and secondary outcomes were handgrip strength (HGS) and brachial artery flow rate (BAFR). Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria. When compared to usual care groups, the experimental groups did not improve DVD (mean difference [MD] 0.23, confidence interval [CI] −0.20–0.65). There were significant differences in DVBFR (mL/min) according to the fixed-effect model (MD 141.13, CI 36.84–245.42). HGS (kg) was significantly different between groups (MD 2.95, CI 0.55–5.35), but BAFR (mL/min) was not (MD 91.65, CI −94.72–278.01). Conclusions: Although exercise programs did not improve DVD and BAFR, they increased muscle strength and DVBFR. Therefore, experimental exercise programs should be emphasized for AVF maturation and maintenance. Research Registry number: reviewregistry924.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Exercise Interventions in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 2595-2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Heywood ◽  
Alexandra L. McCarthy ◽  
Tina L. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Exercise Interventions

scholarly journals Effects of Different Exercise Interventions on Cardiac Autonomic Control and Secondary Health Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Bernhard Grässler ◽  
Beatrice Thielmann ◽  
Irina Böckelmann ◽  
Anita Hökelmann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Autonomic Control ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Control ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to summarize the existing literature on the effects of different exercise interventions on cardiac autonomic control and secondary health factors. Resting heart rate variability (HRV) was used as indicator of cardiac autonomic control. Secondary factors were related to factors that contribute to cardiovascular health. Studies examining the effects of endurance, resistance, multimodal, or coordinative training interventions in healthy participants aged between 45 and 60 years old on average were considered. The methodological quality of the studies was examined using two assessment scales (TESTEX and STARDHRV). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020206606. The literature review retrieved eight studies fulfilling all inclusion criteria. Cardiac autonomic control and cardiovascular health improved after endurance and multimodal interventions. Resistance training had no significant impact on HRV or any secondary health factor. Coordinative exercise interventions showed inconclusive results regarding HRV but showed significant improvements in secondary health factors. The quality assessment tools revealed some methodological and reporting deficits. Despite the small number of studies, we suggest endurance and multimodal interventions including aerobic exercises for the enhancement of cardiac autonomic control and the reduction of cardiovascular risk in middle-aged adults. Further studies need to be conducted to examine the long-term effects of exercise in the midlife period.

Safety and feasibility of exercise interventions in patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 3031-3050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Heywood ◽  
Alexandra L. McCarthy ◽  
Tina L. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Exercise Interventions

scholarly journals Patient-reported outcome measures in the recovery of adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 1802165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry J. Pick ◽  
Charlotte E. Bolton ◽  
Wei Shen Lim ◽  
Tricia M. McKeever
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Prisma Statement

Symptomatic and functional recovery are important patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) that are increasingly used as trial end-points. This systematic review summarises the literature on PROMs in CAP.Comprehensive searches in accordance with the PRISMA statement were conducted to March 2017. Eligible studies included adults discharged from hospital following confirmed CAP and reporting PROMs.15 studies (n=5644 patients) were included; most were of moderate quality. Studies used a wide range of PROMs and assessment tools. At 4–6 weeks post-discharge, the commonest symptom reported was fatigue (45.0–72.6% of patients, three studies), followed by cough (35.3–69.7%) and dyspnoea (34.2–67.1%); corresponding values from studies restricted by age <65 years (two studies) were lower: fatigue 12.1–25.7%, cough 19.9–31.9% and dyspnoea 16.8–27.5%. Functional impairment 4 weeks post-discharge was reported in 18–51% of patients (two studies), while median time to return to normal activities was between 15 and 28 days (three studies).Substantial morbidity is reported by patients up to 6 weeks post-discharge. There is weak methodological consistency across existing studies. A core set of PROMs for use in future studies is suggested.

The effect of physical activity on cognitive function after stroke: a systematic review

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 557-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby B. Cumming ◽  
Karen Tyedin ◽  
Leonid Churilov ◽  
Meg E. Morris ◽  
Julie Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Treatment Benefit ◽  
Exercise Interventions

ABSTRACTBackground: Research in both humans and animals indicates that physical activity can enhance cognitive activity, but whether this is true in patients with stroke is largely unknown. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between increased physical activity after stroke and cognitive performance.Methods: A systematic review was conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and other electronic databases. All randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical studies that evaluated the effect of physical activity or exercise on cognitive function in stroke were included. Study quality was assessed using four criteria concerning sources of bias (use of randomization, allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessment, whether all patients were accounted for in outcome data).Results: The literature search (first run in 2008, updated in 2011) yielded 12 studies that satisfied inclusion criteria. Exercise interventions were heterogeneous; some studies compared different intensities of movement rehabilitation, others included a specific exercise program. Cognitive function was rarely the primary outcome measure, and cognitive assessment tools used were generally suboptimal. Nine studies had sufficient data to be included in a meta-analysis, which indicated a significant benefit of intervention over control (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04–0.36; z = 2.43, p = 0.015). Studies that met all four quality criteria reported smaller treatment benefit than studies that did not.Conclusions: There is some evidence that increased physical activity after stroke enhances cognitive performance. The pool of studies identified, however, was small and methodological shortcomings were widespread.

Web and mobile-based symptom management interventions for physical symptoms of people with advanced cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110063
Author(s):  
Seyedehtanaz Saeidzadeh ◽  
Vijayvardhan Kamalumpundi ◽  
Nai-Ching Chi ◽  
Rajeshwari Nair ◽  
Stephanie Gilbertson-White
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Management Interventions

Background: Symptom management is a critical aspect of comprehensive palliative care for people with advanced cancer. Web and mobile-based applications are promising e-Health modalities that can facilitate timely access to symptom management interventions for this population Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of web and mobile-based symptom management interventions in alleviating physical symptom burden in people with advanced cancer. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PROSPERO ID = CRD42020155295. Data sources: We searched databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from 1991 until 2019. Inclusion criteria were: adults with advanced cancer, web or mobile-based interventions targeting symptom management, and report of physical symptom data. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I and RoB2. Using RevMan, standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. An assessment of interventions was conducted by evaluating the delivery mode, duration, and evaluation of application feature and theoretical elements. Results: A total of 19 studies are included in the systematic review and 18 in the meta-analysis. Majority of the studies were deemed to have high risk of bias. Most of the interventions used a web-application for delivering their education ( n = 17). While the interventions varied regarding duration and content, they were mainly guided by a symptom management theory. Web and mobile-based interventions significantly improved the overall physical symptom burden (SMD = −0.18; 95% CI = −0.28 to −0.09; I2 = 0%; p = 0.0002). Conclusions: Web and mobile-based intervention are efficacious in decreasing the overall physical symptom burden in people with advanced cancer.

Exercise interventions for individuals with advanced cancer: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim L. Dittus ◽  
Robert E. Gramling ◽  
Philip A. Ades
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Exercise Interventions

scholarly journals Patient reported outcome measures in childbirth and postpartum maternal quality of life: a protocol for systematic review of measurement properties.

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Laura O'Byrne ◽  
Gillian Maher ◽  
Ali Khashan ◽  
Richard Greene ◽  
John Browne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Patient Reported

Background: Patient centred healthcare is the corner stone to many healthcare strategies. Patient specific health needs should be at the fore of healthcare improvements and quality measurements.  Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) that support real world clinical effectiveness assessments are increasingly being used to highlight domains where there is the greatest scope for change. Objectives: This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate existing patient reported assessment measures/tool(s) that can be used in developing a PROM for postpartum women. We will assess and evaluate their measurement properties in a transparent and structured way in accordance with the COSMIN guidelines. Methods: Methodological guidelines for systematic reviews of PROMs have been developed by the COSMIN initiative and will be followed for this systematic review. A systematic literature review will be performed using PubMed and EMBASE from inception to the present day. Two reviewers independently will judge eligibility, conduct data extraction and assess the methodological quality of each study as per COSMIN guidelines. Inclusion criteria: studies should concern PROM with an aim to evaluate measurement properties in the development or the evaluation of a PROM of interest. Included PROMS will focus upon postpartum women assessing morbidity and quality of care. All peer reviewed studies with an assessment tool designed for patient completion will be considered. Exclusion criteria; abstract, letters and non-peer reviewed publications. Studies will be graded on measurement properties and quality of evidence as laid out by COSMIN. All studies and characteristics eligible for inclusion will be summarised and a recommendation to the most suitable measurement tool(s) will be given. Discussion: We will provide a comprehensive description of all available patient reported assessment tools available for childbirth and postpartum quality of life and recommend based on COSMIN guidelines the most suitable instrument(s) available for use.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Exercise Interventions for the Management of Frailty: A Systematic Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Theou ◽  
Liza Stathokostas ◽  
Kaitlyn P. Roland ◽  
Jennifer M. Jakobi ◽  
Christopher Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Frail Older Adults ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Definition Of

This systematic review examines the effectiveness of current exercise interventions for the management of frailty. Eight electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that identified their participants as “frail” either in the title, abstract, and/or text and included exercise as an independent component of the intervention. Three of the 47 included studies utilized a validated definition of frailty to categorize participants. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise has a positive impact on some physical determinants and on all functional ability outcomes reported in this systematic review. Exercise programs that optimize the health of frail older adults seem to be different from those recommended for healthy older adults. There was a paucity of evidence to characterize the most beneficial exercise program for this population. However, multicomponent training interventions, of long duration (≥5 months), performed three times per week, for 30–45 minutes per session, generally had superior outcomes than other exercise programs. In conclusion, structured exercise training seems to have a positive impact on frail older adults and may be used for the management of frailty.

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