scholarly journals Catechizing at Home, 1740–1870: Instruction, Communication and Denomination

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 256-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Clare Martin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Rote Learning ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Catechizing played an important part in domestic religious education in Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as well as in the better documented early modern period. However, its significance has been neglected in comparison with family prayers (often deemed to be an expression of patriarchy), Sunday observance or even private prayers. This article analyses the incidence of catechizing across religious denominations in Britain from 1740 to 1870, and within selected overseas missionary families. Drawing on a wide range of personal memoirs, the article analyses the range of contexts and relationships within which catechizing could occur. These included not only household worship (which could be conducted by women) but also relationships between siblings. It demonstrates that catechizing could provide opportunities for asking questions and spending ‘quality time’ with parents and / or children, rather than embodying an alienating form of rote-learning. The article therefore challenges many stereotypes relating to family domestic education, relating to themes such as patriarchy, denominational difference and adult-child interaction.

scholarly journals České kramářské tisky – pokus o definici a typologii

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Jakub Ivánek
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Broadside Ballads ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper focuses on the issue of a relatively wide range of kramářské tisky – the medium of Czech popular literature of the Early Modern period and the 19th century. They mostly contained kramářské písně (Czech equivalent for broadside ballads), which are currently in the spotlight of Czech research interest. Kramářský tisk can also be defined by means of equivalents in other languages. The English term chapbooks, for example, may be helpful in emphasising the commercial focus of this literature (kramářské tisky could be literally translated as ‘chapman prints’). Although the English term cannot be clearly defined either, researchers generally come to an agreement that it is a publication of booklet character, of smaller extent as well as format (usually octavo or smaller, made of no more than three sheets of paper or having up to 99 pages). It was distributed by tradesmen at fairs, by colportage or soliciting. It was cheap (both in terms of production and price) and it brought what the broad spectrum of readers in towns and later in the countryside demanded – popular reading in the true sense of the word. It is complicated to include popular histories (knížky lidového čtení) in the comparison – they fit most of the features above, but they were made by folding and joining more sheets of paper and greatly exceed the imaginary limit of 99 pages. Therefore, this paper also deals with boundary media, which surpass the defined extent but principally are still chapman goods (i.e. small-format books of various lengths distributed at fairs and by soliciting). The text of the study draws attention to the appearance and development of certain types of kramářské tisky of both religious and secular content. For a better illustration, many of these types are mediated by an image.

The Indian Maritime Merchant, 1500-1800

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Remarkable Degree ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Article Analyse ◽  
Coromandel Coast

AbstractThe paper analyses the composition, social organization and wide range of activities of the Indian maritime merchant of the early modern period. Regional contrasts between Gujarat, the Coromandel coast and Bengal are discussed. The last section of the paper discusses the interaction between the Indian maritime merchants and the Europeans, both the corporate enterprises as well as private traders. It is argued that the Indian merchants displayed a remarkable degree of adaptiveness and resilience and refused to be overwhelmed by the competition provided by the Europeans. Cet article analyse la composition, l'organisation sociale, et les activités diverses qu'exploitent les marchands maritimes indiens du début de la période moderne. Les contrastes régionaux entre le Gujarat, la côte du Coromandel et le Bengal passeront la revue. La dernière section de l'article est consacrée à l'interaction entre les marchands maritimes indiens et les Européens, tant les grandes sociétés de négoce que la marine de commerce privée. Il est avancé que les marchands indiens se montrèrent très adaptifs et dynamiques et qu'ils refusèrent d'être subjugués par la concurrence survenue par l'arrivée des Européens.

scholarly journals The Hanging Guard: William Hope’s (1660-1724) Invention of Self-defence and the Spirit of Enlightenment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Alexander Will
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Defence

Fight books can be much more than repositories of knowledge or cornerstones of tradition. In some cases they may also reflect fundamental changes in the intellectual and social life of a society and even attempt to change the latter for the better. This is very much true for the works of William Hope (1660-1724). In eight printed books the Scotsman covered a wide range of topics connected to smallsword fencing and duelling. He employed early scientific methods when developing his school of swordplay, reflected on the social implications of fencing, introduced the notion of “sport for better health” into early modern fencing, and sought to institutionalise fencing in order to curb violence. As a whole this reflects the mindset of the early Enlightenment as it started to flourish in Hope’s native Scotland during his lifetime. This paper will answer the question of how the early Enlightenment influenced a set of remarkable Scottish fight books from the early modern period.

The Ballads

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Ann Constantine ◽  
Éva Guillorel
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Selection Of

This section comprises a selection of thirty-five Breton ballads, presented in the original Breton with English translations. Each ballad text is followed by a short analysis giving, where possible, information on its provenance and exploring the literary and historical context of the events it describes. Reference is also made to other versions and occasionally to international parallels. The material covers a wide range of topics, from shipwrecks and murders to penitential journeys, the plague, scenes from war and encounters in love. It draws on themes from the European medieval literary tradition, the literature of other Celtic-speaking countries, and events from Breton history, particularly from the turbulent early modern period.

Women and Liberty, 1600-1800

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Practical Philosophy ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Lives ◽  
Normative Issues ◽  
Women Philosophers

This book addresses the theme of liberty as it is found in the writing of women philosophers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, or as it is theorized with respect to women and their lives. It covers both theoretical and practical philosophy, with chapters on problems in the metaphysics of free will (both human and divine), the liberty (or lack thereof) of women in their moral, personal lives as well as their social-political, public lives, and the interactions between the metaphysical and normative issues. The chapters draw upon writing of both women and men, and notably, upon a wide range of genres, including more standard philosophical treatises as well as polemical texts, poetry, plays, and other forms of fiction. As such, this book alerts the reader to the wide range of conceptions of what counts as a philosophical text in the early modern period. Several chapters also deal with the relation between early modern and contemporary ways of thinking about the theme of women and liberty, thus urging the reader to appreciate the continuing importance of these earlier philosophers in the history of philosophy and of feminism. Ultimately, the chapters in this text show how crucial it is to recover the too-long forgotten views of female and women-friendly male philosophers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, for in the process of recovering these voices, our understanding of philosophy in the early modern period is not only expanded, but also significantly altered towards a more accurate history of our discipline.

scholarly journals Cunning-Folk in England and Wales during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

Rural History ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen Davies
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Witch Trials ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Witch ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

In a recent article Willem de Blécourt highlighted how little we really know about cunning-folk in the context of European witchcraft, and stressed the need for further substantial research. The study of English cunning-folk in the early modern period has been well served by the work of Keith Thomas and Alan Macfarlane, but their respective chapters are, nevertheless, tantalising rather than conclusive. Although in the last twenty-five years early-modern historians have continued to take a strong interest in the witch-trials, and the social dynamics of witch-accusations, cunning-folk have, by and large, been neglected. De Blécourt also remarked upon the paucity of relevant research on cunning-folk in the period after the trials. This observation is particularly applicable to British historiography, and it is the purpose of this present paper to begin to redress this imbalance. Most work on cunning-folk has tended to concentrate on what they did, rather than on who they were.

John’s Court in a Comparative Context

2020 ◽  
pp. 211-227
Author(s):  
Hugh M. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Court Culture ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Islamic Courts

How did John’s court compare to those of other rulers in his own period and with earlier and later courts? Variation in the quality and quantity of sources makes precision difficult. Nonetheless, what we know about court culture in other European countries in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries suggests that many aspects of court culture were similar across a wide range of territories. Indeed, one can even find similarities with Byzantine and Islamic courts. The evidence also indicates a great deal of continuity across the long historic arc of court culture in Western Europe. However, this continuity was combined with gradual but cumulatively radical change, so that by the early modern period, courts had become much larger and more complex, and very different in other respects as well.

scholarly journals Na szczycie wulkanu. O wyprawach na Heklę i Snæfellsjökull w XVIII i XIX wieku

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 297-315
Author(s):  
Radosław Jakubczyk
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Foreign Woman ◽  
The Middle Ages

The present paper gives an overview of the history of climbing on Hekla and Snæfellsjökull, Iceland’s most famous volcanoes, in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the Middle Ages and early modern period, Hekla was compared to the gates of hell due to its frequent and violent eruptions. Snæfellsjökull was considered a supernatural space and a domain of Bárður, the eponymous hero of Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss. The author analyses a wide range of sources: Reise igiennem Island by Bjarni Pálsson and Eggert Ólafsson (who reached the summits of Hekla and Snæfellsjökull in 1750 and 1754, respectively), British (from Banks to Burton) and French (from Gaimard to Labonne) travelogues, Ida Pfeiffer’s journals (who was the first foreign woman to climb Hekla).

Drama

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Streete
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Opening Up

During the early modern period, doctrinal debate was at the forefront of intellectual and political life. The interrogation of religious ideology on stage often provoked controversy and reaction. Playwrights responded to, but also attempted to shape, these religious debates. I argue that periodic attempts by the authorities to ‘reform’ the stage were only partially successful. Paradoxically, however, the incompletion of these efforts were deeply generative for dramatists, opening up a wide range of aesthetic possibilities that were exploited throughout the period. The second part of this chapter examines some of these possibilities in more detail, and in light of the ‘turn to religion’ in recent scholarship, looks in particular at drama and the Bible, and the exploration of various religious passions on stage.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Capp
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
European Society ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Family ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

The Conclusion draws together the book’s themes and findings, and offers some broader reflections on the family and kinship. Historians study both continuities and change, and the Conclusion considers which aspects of the sibling relationship remained stable in this period, which changed, and why. It discusses why the phenomenon of the ‘dissatisfied younger brother’ was such a prominent phenomenon in England in the early modern period. It also sets the book’s demonstration of emotionally intense relationships between siblings in this period against the argument, advanced by some recent scholars, that close sibling ties in European society did not develop until the later eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

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