Occurrence and Profile Characteristics of the Pesticide Imidacloprid, Preservative Parabens, and Their Metabolites in Human Urine from Rural and Urban China

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (24) ◽  
pp. 14633-14640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Tianzhen Liu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Junjie Zhang ◽  
Yinghong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Profile Characteristics

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING NON-MEDICAL COSTS FOR HEALTH CARE: EVIDENCE FROM INPATIENT CARE FOR OLDER PEOPLE IN CHINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S733-S733
Author(s):  
Wei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Health Payment

Abstract Non-medical costs can constitute a substantial part of total health care costs, especially for older people. Costs associated with carers, travel, food and accommodation for family members accompanying and caring for older people during their medical visits can be hefty. This study seeks to examine the effects of non-medical costs on catastrophic health payments and health payment-induced poverty among older people in rural and urban China. Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey 2015, this study finds that inpatient costs account for a significant proportion of household expenditure, and non-medical costs can account for approximately 18% of total costs. That share is highest for those who belong to the lowest wealth groups. Non-medical costs increase the chances of older people incurring catastrophic health payments and suffering from health payment-induced poverty. Such effects are more concentrated among the poor than the rich. The results also show that the rural population are more likely to incur catastrophic health payments and suffer from health payment induced poverty compared to the urban population. This paper urges policy makers to consider reimbursing the non-medical costs of patient care, improving health care systems in general and for the rural populations specifically.

scholarly journals Inequality in the health services utilization in rural and urban china

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. e18625
Author(s):  
Bin Guo ◽  
Xin Xie ◽  
Qunhong Wu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Huaizhi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Services Utilization ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Rural And Urban

Variations in the adoption and use of mobile social apps in everyday lives in urban and rural China

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Yan ◽  
Ralph Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Central China ◽  
Communication Tool ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Digital Gap ◽  
Everyday Problem

China has in recent years seen the rapid adoption of multifunctional social networking applications such as WeChat. This paper aims to explore if China’s social stratification has influenced the adoption and use of mobile social apps and if social apps such as WeChat can help to bridge the digital divide by providing urban and rural users equal access to diverse information and communication resources. The study is based on 4 months of fieldwork in the Henan Province of central China and combines quantitative data from surveys and qualitative data from semistructured interviews and focus groups. We found that there still exists a digital gap in the adoption and use of mobile social apps such as WeChat between rural and urban China, but such differences are also associated with demographic variables such as age, gender, and education level. Meanwhile, we found that WeChat has become more than a communication tool; it has also played an essential role in everyday problem-solving and information seeking for both rural and urban users. Our qualitative interviews and focus group studies reveal how WeChat influences various aspects of daily life in developing areas in China. We argue that although some divides in information seeking are being overcome, other new divides are emerging.

scholarly journals Mobile Communication and Relational Mobilization in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 14-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Depth Interviews

AbstractRecent studies have shown what indispensable role mobile phones play as means of mobilization in contentious politics around the world. Nevertheless, there has been no clear elaboration of how mobile phone uses translate into mobilization in contentious politics. To fill this gap, the current study employs Passy’s (2003) framework of the threefold function of social ties as channels of mobilization to examine how mobile communication, embedding the dynamics of social ties, influences protest mobilization. It investigates two cases in rural and urban China in which Chinese people employed their mobile phones to mobilize participants for protests, and conducts 24 in-depth interviews with participants in these protests. Findings suggest that using mobile phones for mobilization registers the relational dynamics of social ties, which shapes participants’ perceptions of given protest issues, ensures the safety of protest recruitment and mobilization in a repressive context, and generates pressure on participation, all of which contributes to the mechanism of mobilization. This study concludes with the concept of ‘relational mobilization’, which addresses the embedment and relevance of social ties in the process of mobile-phone-mediated mobilization and its implication for Asian countries.

scholarly journals Has Rural-Urban Migration Promoted the Health of Chinese Migrant Workers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuihong Long ◽  
Jiajun Han ◽  
Yong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Salmon Bias ◽  
Agricultural Employment ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Chinese Migrant Workers ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between health and migration has always been an important theme in immigration research. This research develops a new approach to test the healthy migrant hypothesis and the salmon bias hypothesis in China by examining an interaction term combining agricultural hukou and migrant status, non-agricultural employment history, and subsequent area of residence. Based on two Chinese micro-databases, CGSS 2015 and Harmonized CHARLS, we conducted an empirical test on the relationship between migration and health. Our empirical evidence suggests that the initial health advantage among Chinese rural migrant workers was largely due to self-selection rather than migration effects. After controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, this advantage disappeared. After their health deteriorated, migrant workers returned to their original location. This could exacerbate the contradiction between the allocation of medical resources and the demand in rural and urban China, further intensifying the already widening health status gap between rural and urban residents.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document