A Typical Fungicide and Its Main Metabolite Promote Liver Damage in Mice through Impacting Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier Function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Meng ◽  
Shiran Huang ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Sen Yan ◽  
Xiaojun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Main Metabolite

scholarly journals Markers of Intestinal Permeability Are Rapidly Improved by Alcohol Withdrawal in Patients with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1659
Author(s):  
Finn Jung ◽  
Katharina Burger ◽  
Raphaela Staltner ◽  
Annette Brandt ◽  
Sebastian Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Liver Health ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Changes in intestinal microbiome and barrier function are critical in the development of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD). Here, we determined the effects of a one-week alcohol withdrawal on parameters of intestinal barrier function in heavy drinkers with ALD in comparison to healthy non-drinkers (controls). In serum samples of 17 controls (m = 10/f = 7) and 37 age-matched ALD patients (m = 26/f = 11) undergoing a one-week alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver health and intestinal barrier function were assessed. Liver damage, e.g., fibrosis and hepatic steatosis, were assessed using FibroScan. Before alcohol withdrawal, markers of liver damage, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and overall TLR4/TLR2 ligands in serum were significantly higher in ALD patients than in controls, whereas intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) and zonulin protein concentrations in serum were lower. All parameters, with the exception of LBP, were significantly improved after alcohol withdrawal; however, not to the level of controls. Our data suggest that one-week of abstinence improves markers of intestinal barrier function and liver health in ALD patients.

Modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function during alleviation of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Rhizoma Zingiber officinale (Ginger) extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 10839-10851
Author(s):  
Zhi-jie Ma ◽  
Huan-jun Wang ◽  
Xiao-jing Ma ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Hong-jun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea

Ginger extract showed beneficial effects on rats with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and the underlying mechanism might be associated with the recovery of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Fibres on Acute Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Hyperpermeability in the Elderly: A Randomised Placebo Controlled Parallel Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1954
Author(s):  
John-Peter Ganda Mall ◽  
Frida Fart ◽  
Julia A. Sabet ◽  
Carl Mårten Lindqvist ◽  
Ragnhild Nestestog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Dietary Fibres ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The effect of dietary fibres on intestinal barrier function has not been well studied, especially in the elderly. We aimed to investigate the potential of the dietary fibres oat β-glucan and wheat arabinoxylan to strengthen the intestinal barrier function and counteract acute non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin)-induced hyperpermeability in the elderly. A general population of elderly subjects (≥65 years, n = 49) was randomised to a daily supplementation (12g/day) of oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan or placebo (maltodextrin) for six weeks. The primary outcome was change in acute indomethacin-induced intestinal permeability from baseline, assessed by an in vivo multi-sugar permeability test. Secondary outcomes were changes from baseline in: gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammatory status and self-reported health. Despite a majority of the study population (85%) showing a habitual fibre intake below the recommendation, no significant effects on acute indomethacin-induced intestinal hyperpermeability in vivo or gut microbiota composition were observed after six weeks intervention with either dietary fibre, compared to placebo.

scholarly journals Icariin enhances intestinal barrier function by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathways and modulating gut microbiota in a piglet model

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (65) ◽  
pp. 37947-37956
Author(s):  
Wen Xiong ◽  
Haoyue Ma ◽  
Zhu Zhang ◽  
Meilan Jin ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

This study investigated the effects of icariin on intestinal barrier function and its underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Insights Into a Possible Influence on Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier Function During Chronic Exposure of Mice to Imazalil

2017 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuiyuan Jin ◽  
Jizhou Xia ◽  
Sisheng Wu ◽  
Wenqing Tu ◽  
Zihong Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function

scholarly journals Effect of Post-Exercise Sauna Bathing on Targeted Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Barrier Function in Healthy Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Karolkiewicz ◽  
David C. Nieman ◽  
Tomasz Cisoń ◽  
Joanna Szurkowska ◽  
Mirosława Gałęcka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Stool Sample ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Background: Body temperature fluctuations induced by acute exercise bouts may also influence the intestinal barrier with related effects on epithelial permeability, immune responses, and release of metabolites produced by the gut microbiota.To evaluate the combined influence of 4-weeks exercise training and post-exercise sauna treatments on gut bacteria and fungi, inflammation, and intestinal barrier function. Methods: Randomized, parallel group design with pre- and post-study measurements.Fifteen (15) untrained males aged 22±1.5 years were randomly assigned to exercise training (ET) with or without post-exercise sauna treatments (S). Participants in the group ET+S (n=8) exercised 60 minutes, 3 times per week, on a bicycle ergometer followed by a 30-minute dry Finish sauna treatment. The control group (ET, n=7) engaged in the same exercise training program without the sauna treatments. Blood and stool samples were collected before and after the 4-week training program. Blood samples were analysed for the concentration of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and complete blood counts. Stool samples were analysed for pH, quantitative and qualitative measures of targeted bacteria and fungi, zonulin, and secretory immunoglobulin A. Group comparisons showed no significant differences for blood and stool sample measurements during the 4-week study.Results: Group comparisons showed no significant differences for blood and stool sample measurements during the 4-week study.Conclusions: The combination of 4-weeks exercise training and post-exercise sauna treatments did not have a measurable influence on targeted gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation biomarkers in young males compared to exercise training alone.

scholarly journals Fatty acids from diet and microbiota regulate energy metabolism

F1000Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Alcock ◽  
Henry C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Metabolic Endotoxemia

A high-fat diet and elevated levels of free fatty acids are known risk factors for metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and visceral obesity. Although these disease associations are well established, it is unclear how different dietary fats change the risk of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. Here, we review emerging evidence that insulin resistance and fat storage are linked to changes in the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function, in turn, are highly influenced by the composition of fat in the diet. We review findings that certain fats (for example, long-chain saturated fatty acids) are associated with dysbiosis, impairment of intestinal barrier function, and metabolic endotoxemia. In contrast, other fatty acids, including short-chain and certain unsaturated fatty acids, protect against dysbiosis and impairment of barrier function caused by other dietary fats. These fats may promote insulin sensitivity by inhibiting metabolic endotoxemia and dysbiosis-driven inflammation. During dysbiosis, the modulation of metabolism by diet and microbiota may represent an adaptive process that compensates for the increased fuel demands of an activated immune system.

scholarly journals Improvement of Colonic Immune Function with Soy Isoflavones in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Luo ◽  
Dongjing Cheng ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Yifan Li ◽  
Chengjie Lao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Soy Isoflavones ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats

Background: The damage to intestinal barrier function plays an important role in the development of obesity and associated diseases. Soy isoflavones are effective natural active components for controlling obesity and reducing the level of blood lipid. Here, we explored whether these effects of soy isoflavones were associated with the intestinal barrier function. Methods and Results: The obese rat models were established by high fat diet feeding. Then, those obese rats were supplemented with soy isoflavones at different doses for 4 weeks. Our results showed that obesity induced the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) expression, elevated intestinal permeability, altered gut microbiota and exacerbated oxidative damages in colon. The administration of soy isoflavones reversed these changes in obese rats, presenting as the improvement of intestinal immune function and permeability, attenuation of oxidative damage, increase in the fraction of beneficial bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids and short-chain fatty acid production, and reduction in harmful bacteria. Furthermore, soy isoflavones blocked the expressions of TLR4 and NF-κB in the colons of the obese rats. Conclusions: Soy isoflavones could improve obesity through the attenuation of intestinal oxidative stress, recovery of immune and mucosal barrier, as well as re-balance of intestinal gut microbiota.

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