The Potential Preventive Effects of Vitamins for Cataract and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nutritional Antioxidants

Age-related cataract and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are important public health problems. Approximately 50% of the 30 to 50 million cases of blindness worldwide result from unoperated cataract. In the US and other developed countries AMD is the leading cause of blindness, but age-related cataract remains the leading cause of visual disability. Age-related cataract and AMD represent an enormous economic burden. In the United States more than 1.3 million cataract extractions are performed annually at a cost of approximately $ 3.5 billion. Much of the experimental research on the etiology of cataract and AMD has focused on the role of nutritional antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and carotenoids). Evidence from epidemiologic studies support a role for nutritional antioxidants in delaying the onset of these age-related vision disorders. Although it is not yet possible to conclude that antioxidant nutrients have a role in prevention of cataract or AMD, a summary of the epidemiologic evidence suggests that it is prudent to consume diets high in vitamins C and E and carotenoids, particularly the xanthophylls, as insurance against the development of cataract and AMD.

scholarly journals Long-term Use of Aspirin and Age-related Macular Degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G Christen ◽  
Emily Y Chew ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Neovascular Amd ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Us ◽  
Regular Aspirin

Recent findings from observational epidemiologic studies have raised concern about a possible adverse effect of regular aspirin use in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and in particular neovascular AMD, which is the leading cause of severe irreversible blindness in the US. In this report, we consider these findings in light of the relative strengths and limitations of observational studies and randomized trials. While the findings are important and warrant further investigation, the inherent limitations of observation studies, most notably uncontrolled confounding, preclude an interpretation of causality. Alternatively, the most reliable evidence with which to evaluate the effects of regular aspirin use in AMD will derive from well-designed randomized trials of sufficient size and duration.

scholarly journals Impact of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: burden of patients receiving therapies in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Honda ◽  
Yasuo Yanagi ◽  
Hideki Koizumi ◽  
Yirong Chen ◽  
Satoru Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilisation ◽  
Age Related

AbstractThe chronic eye disorder, neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), is a common cause of permanent vision impairment and blindness among the elderly in developed countries, including Japan. This study aimed to investigate the disease burden of nAMD patients under treatment, using data from the Japan National Health and Wellness surveys 2009–2014. Out of 147,272 respondents, 100 nAMD patients reported currently receiving treatment. Controls without nAMD were selected by 1:4 propensity score matching. Healthcare Resource Utilisation (HRU), Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), and work productivity loss were compared between the groups. Regarding HRU, nAMD patients had significantly increased number of visits to any healthcare provider (HCP) (13.8 vs. 8.2), ophthalmologist (5.6 vs. 0.8), and other HCP (9.5 vs. 7.1) compared to controls after adjusting for confounding factors. Additionally, nAMD patients had reduced HRQoL and work productivity, i.e., reduced physical component summary (PCS) score (46.3 vs. 47.9), increased absenteeism (18.14% vs. 0.24%), presenteeism (23.89% vs. 12.44%), and total work productivity impairment (33.57% vs. 16.24%). The increased number of ophthalmologist visits were associated with decreased PCS score, increased presenteeism and total work productivity impairment. The current study highlighted substantial burden for nAMD patients, requiring further attention for future healthcare planning and treatment development.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Profiling of Orange-Coloured Capsicums: In Search of High-Zeaxanthin Varieties for Eye Health

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Rimjhim Agarwal ◽  
Hung T. Hong ◽  
Alice Hayward ◽  
Stephen Harper ◽  
Neena Mitter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Daily Dietary Intake ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Progression ◽  
Red Capsicum

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries, such as Australia. Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only two carotenoids found in the macular region of the eye. Studies have shown that an intake of 10 mg and 2 mg per day of lutein and zeaxanthin, respectively, can reduce the rate of progression of AMD. The supply of these carotenoids can only be met through dietary sources or supplements, as these compounds cannot be synthesised by humans. Although lutein is relatively abundant in dietary sources, zeaxanthin has limited sources. In this study, eight orange and three red capsicum varieties were analysed for their carotenoid profiles by UHPLC-DAD-APCI-MS. It was observed that the principal carotenoid for seven of the orange varieties was zeaxanthin, and capsanthin for the three red varieties. One orange variety, which had a darker orange hue, had capsanthin and violaxanthin as its principal carotenoids instead of zeaxanthin. Zeaxanthin concentration (the principal carotenoid) in the seven orange varieties varied from 2.6 ± 0.5 mg/100 g to 25.27 ± 9.4 mg/100 FW, suggesting that as little as 7 g of the high-zeaxanthin line could meet the recommended daily dietary intake of 2 mg/person/day.

Therapeutic effects of a novel siRNA-based anti-VEGF (siVEGF) nanoball for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (40) ◽  
pp. 15461-15469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na-Kyung Ryoo ◽  
Jihwang Lee ◽  
Hyunjoo Lee ◽  
Hye Kyoung Hong ◽  
Hyejin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Choroidal Neovascularization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries and is characterized by the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV).

scholarly journals Introduction to the multi-author review on macular degeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Kauppinen
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Severe Vision Loss ◽  
Author Review ◽  
Dry Amd ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstractProlonged life expectancies contribute to the increasing prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that is already the leading cause of severe vision loss among the elderly in developed countries. In dry AMD, the disease culminates into vast retinal atrophy, whereas the wet form is characterized by retinal edema and sudden vision loss due to neovascularization originating from the choroid beneath the Bruch’s membrane. There is no treatment for dry AMD and despite intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that suppress the neovessel formation, also wet AMD needs new therapies to prevent the disease progression and to serve patients lacking of positive response to current medicines. Knowledge on disease mechanisms is a prerequisite for the drug development, which is hindered by the multifactorial nature of AMD. Numerous distinguished publications have revealed AMD mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level and in this multi-author review, we take a bit broader look at the topic with some novel aspects.

Epidemiology Prevalence and Incidence in Dry-Form (Non-Neovascular) Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2017 ◽  
pp. 97-99
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Neovascular Amd ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dry Amd ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
Definition Of

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disorder of the central retina and represents the leading cause of severe visual impairment in the elderly population of industrialized societies. It is known that it currently exists between 30 and 50 million people around the world and is estimated that will have doubled by the end of the coming decade. Several large epidemiologic studies have evaluated the prevalence of non-neovascular or so-called dry AMD. There is some variation in the prevalence of non-neovascular AMD depending on the exact definition of AMD. All of them report a higher prevalence of early AMD and an increasing prevalence with age. It is seen most in Caucasians and least in people with Africans and it is not related to gender.

scholarly journals Beyond AREDS Formulations, What Is Next for Intermediate Age-Related Macular Degeneration (iAMD) Treatment? Potential Benefits of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Apocarotenoids as Neuroprotectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Serge Camelo ◽  
Mathilde Latil ◽  
Stanislas Veillet ◽  
Pierre J. Dilda ◽  
René Lafont
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Subretinal Space ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the commonest cause of severe visual loss and blindness in developed countries among individuals aged 60 and older. AMD slowly progresses from early AMD to intermediate AMD (iAMD) and ultimately late-stage AMD. Late AMD encompasses either neovascular AMD (nAMD) or geographic atrophy (GA). nAMD is defined by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and hemorrhage in the subretinal space at the level of the macula. This induces a rapid visual impairment caused by the death of photoreceptor cells. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies is the standard treatment of nAMD but adds to the burden of patient care. GA is characterized by slowly expanding photoreceptor, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) degeneration patches progressively leading to blindness. There is currently no therapy to cure GA. Late AMD continues to be an unmet medical need representing a major health problem with millions of patients worldwide. Oxidative stress and inflammation are recognized as some of the main risk factors to developing late AMD. The antioxidant formulation AREDS (Age-Related Eye Disease Studies), contains β-carotene, which has been replaced by lutein and zeaxanthin in AREDS2, are given to patients with iAMD but have a limited effect on the incidence of nAMD and GA. Thus, to avoid or slowdown the development of late stages of AMD (nAMD or GA), new therapies targeting iAMD are needed such as crocetin obtained through hydrolysis of crocin, an important component of saffron (Crocus sativus L.), and norbixin derived from bixin extracted from Bixa orellana seeds. We have shown that these apocarotenoids preserved more effectively RPE cells against apoptosis following blue light exposure in the presence of A2E than lutein and zeaxanthin. In this review, we will discuss the potential use of apocarotenoids to slowdown the progression of iAMD, to reduce the incidence of both forms of late AMD.

Tractional Maculopathies in Age-related Macular Degeneration

2012 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia X Qian ◽  
William J Foster ◽  
Flavio A Rezende ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Made In

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in developed countries. Much progress has been and continues to be made in search of better visual outcomes for dry and exudative AMD. Over the past decade, the importance of vitreomacular attachments has been recognized in AMD. In this article, we better characterize and describe vitreomacular and photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelium interface relationships in AMD among treated and untreated patients and describe the surgical options available as well as their outcomes and possible complications.

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