Normative Variation of P3a and P3b from a Large Sample

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Conroy ◽  
John Polich
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Target Stimulus ◽  
Standard Stimulus ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Blue Circle ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Normative Variation

Abstract. The P3a and P3b components were elicited in 120 (60 females, 60 males) young adults using a visual three-stimulus event-related brain potential (ERP) oddball paradigm in which subjects responded to an infrequent target. The major purpose of the paper was to provide a statistically strong characterization of these related P300 subcomponents. P3a components were obtained from the infrequently presented distracter stimulus, which was a large blue square. P3b components were obtained from the target stimulus, which was a blue circle that differed slightly in diameter from the standard stimulus blue circle. Amplitude measures demonstrated that P3a was maximum at Cz, and P3b was maximum at Pz; latency measures increased for both potentials from frontal to parietal recording sites. P3a and P3b from females were larger and later than those from male subjects, with topographic and appreciable individual difference variability observed. P3a was generally unrelated to response time. P3b amplitude was negatively correlated over right frontal areas with P3b latency and positively correlated over right parietal areas to response time. Theoretical implications are discussed.

Is There a Mismatch Negativity Analogue in the Olfactory Event-Related Potential?

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Krauel ◽  
Philipp Schott ◽  
Bernfried Sojka ◽  
Bettina M. Pause ◽  
Roman Ferstl
Keyword(s):  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Standard Stimulus ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Distractor Task ◽  
Deviant Stimulus ◽  
Negative Deflection ◽  
Odor Quality ◽  
Acoustic Stimuli ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract The mismatch negativity (MMN) is thought to indicate automatic stimulus discrimination in response to acoustic stimuli. In the present study six male subjects were presented with the odors linalool and eugenol within a passive oddball-paradigm. The subjects were instructed to ignore the odors and concentrate on an auditory distractor task. In two sessions each odor served once as the standard stimulus and once as the deviant stimulus. Both odors when presented as deviants led to a negative deflection of the olfactory event-related potential (OERP) between 500-600 ms. After 600 ms the waveforms in response to the deviants were differentially influenced by odor quality. Although the present study should be understood as exploratory, the results suggest the existence of an early mismatch detector in the olfactory modality independent of attention and odor quality.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Axillary Microbiota of Japanese Male Subjects with Spicy and Milky Odor Types by Pyrosequencing

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROYA OKAMOTO ◽  
SHOKO KOIZUMI ◽  
HIRONORI SHIMIZU ◽  
OTOMI CHO ◽  
TAKASHI SUGITA
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Male ◽  
Japanese Male Subjects ◽  
Male Subjects

Weighting of Amplitude and Formant Rise Time Cues by School-Aged Children: A Mismatch Negativity Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1322-1333
Author(s):  
Varghese Peter ◽  
Marina Kalashnikova ◽  
Denis Burnham
Keyword(s):  
Rise Time ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Standard Stimulus ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Deviant Stimulus ◽  
Cue Weighting ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Optimal Weights

Purpose An important skill in the development of speech perception is to apply optimal weights to acoustic cues so that phonemic information is recovered from speech with minimum effort. Here, we investigated the development of acoustic cue weighting of amplitude rise time (ART) and formant rise time (FRT) cues in children as measured by mismatch negativity (MMN). Method Twelve adults and 36 children aged 6–12 years listened to a /ba/–/wa/ contrast in an oddball paradigm in which the standard stimulus had the ART and FRT cues of /ba/. In different blocks, the deviant stimulus had either the ART or FRT cues of /wa/. Results The results revealed that children younger than 10 years were sensitive to both ART and FRT cues whereas 10- to 12-year-old children and adults were sensitive only to FRT cues. Moreover, children younger than 10 years generated a positive mismatch response, whereas older children and adults generated MMN. Conclusion These results suggest that preattentive adultlike weighting of ART and FRT cues is attained only by 10 years of age and accompanies the change from mismatch response to the more mature MMN response. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6207608

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Pectin Membrane-Based Optical pH Sensor for Fish Freshness Monitoring

Biosensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uswatun Hasanah ◽  
Mita Setyowati ◽  
Rustam Efendi ◽  
Muslem Muslem ◽  
Nor Diyana Md Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Relative Standard Deviation ◽  
Ph Sensor ◽  
Sensor Response ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Optical Ph Sensor

In a simple and instant procedure for detecting fish freshness, a hydrogel and hydrophilic pectin matrix membrane was used successfully as an optical pH sensor by immobilizing the chromoionophore ETH 5294 (CI), which is very selective and sensitive for the membrane. The Pe/CI optical pH sensor exhibited excellent linearity between pH 5 and pH 9, with a sensor response time of 5 min and reproducibility of 1.49% relative standard deviation (RSD). The sensor showed response stability for 15 days and a response reduction of 8.6%. The sensor’s capability was demonstrated by the detection of fish freshness for 17 days at 4 °C.

Dynamics of Human Spine in Jumps Using Lyapunov Exponents

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza A. Banu ◽  
Dan Marghitu ◽  
P. K. Raju
Keyword(s):  
Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Largest Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Kinematic Data ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Human Spine ◽  
Chaotic Nature ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Lyapunov Exponent Spectrum

Characterizing and quantifying the local dynamics of the human spine during various athletic exercises is important for therapeutic and physiotherapy reasons or athletic related effects on the human spine. In this study we computed the largest finite-time Lyapunov exponents for the spine of a human subject during an athletic exercise for several volunteers. The kinematic data was collected using the 3D motion capture system (Motion Realty Inc.). Four healthy male subjects were asked to perform two sets of 30 jumps. In order to draw a conclusion about the chaotic nature of the dynamics of the lumbar spine Lyapunov exponent spectrum was calculated for each volunteer which included four Lyapunov exponents, one negative, one very close to zero and two positive. Subjects 1, 2 and 4 registered a significant increase in the largest Lyapunov exponent from the first set jumps to the next. Subject 3 registered no change in the values of Lyapunov exponents. Nonlinear analysis of the human spine demonstrates the chaotic nature of the system. The computation of the largest Lyapunov exponents enables a more precise characterization of the dynamics of the human spine.

scholarly journals Characterization of Neck Strength in Healthy Young Adults

PM&R ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 884-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Catenaccio ◽  
Weiya Mu ◽  
Atira Kaplan ◽  
Roman Fleysher ◽  
Namhee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Neck Strength

scholarly journals Characterization of all Surgical Specimens Provided by a Portuguese Department of Ophthalmology over a 13 Year Period

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ferreira Mendes ◽  
Ana Margarida Ferreira ◽  
Cristina Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Pathological Diagnosis ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Morphological Diagnosis ◽  
Epithelial Lesions ◽  
Male Subjects

Introduction: We intend to evaluate clinically, topographically and morphologically all surgical specimens sent by the Department of Ophthalmology of Hospital de Braga to the Department of Pathology of the same hospital.Material and Methods: Two hundred and fifty eight surgically obtained specimens, from the Department of Ophthalmology of Hospital de Braga, analyzed in the Department of Pathology, from January 2002 to June 2015, were characterized. Data was arranged according to year, age, sex, topography and morphological diagnosis according to the SNOMED® coding system.Results: Mean age at time of diagnosis was 54.6 years old; 52.3% were male subjects. The number of specimens was relatively stable until the year 2010, with a significant increase between 2011 and 2013. Most specimens sent corresponded to eyelid (54.7%), followed by conjunctiva (26.7%); the most common pathological diagnosis was malignant epithelial lesions (22.48%), followed by melanocytic tumours (22.09%) and benign epithelial lesions (17.05%).Discussion: The results are distinct from previous publications presumably because of differences between the populations submitted to analysis.Conclusion: This is the first indexed publication characterizing surgical specimens from a Department of Ophthalmology in Portugal; moreover, it also includes an extensive review of global epidemiological data about ophthalmic surgical specimens.

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