scholarly journals Effects of surface heat flux-induced sea surface temperature changes on tropical cyclone intensity

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixing Shen ◽  
Isaac Ginis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Intensity ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Cyclone Intensity

scholarly journals Seasonality of Decadal Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies in the Northwestern Pacific

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2953-2968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Mochizuki ◽  
Hideji Kida
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
Sst Anomaly

Abstract The seasonality of the decadal sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and the related physical processes in the northwestern Pacific were investigated using a three-dimensional bulk mixed layer model. In the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension (KOE) region, the strongest decadal SST anomaly was observed during December–February, while that of the central North Pacific occurred during February–April. From an examination of the seasonal heat budget of the ocean mixed layer, it was revealed that the seasonal-scale enhancement of the decadal SST anomaly in the KOE region was controlled by horizontal Ekman temperature transport in early winter and by vertical entrainment in autumn. The temperature transport by the geostrophic current made only a slight contribution to the seasonal variation of the decadal SST anomaly, despite controlling the upper-ocean thermal conditions on decadal time scales through the slow Rossby wave adjustment to the wind stress curl. When averaging over the entire KOE region, the contribution from the net sea surface heat flux was also no longer significantly detected. By examining the horizontal distributions of the local thermal damping rate, however, it was concluded that the wintertime decadal SST anomaly in the eastern KOE region was rather damped by the net sea surface heat flux. It was due to the fact that the anomalous local thermal damping of the SST anomaly resulting from the vertical entrainment in autumn was considerably strong enough to suppress the anomalous local atmospheric thermal forcing that acted to enhance the decadal SST anomaly.

scholarly journals Increasing tropical cyclone intensity and potential intensity in the subtropical Atlantic around Bermuda from an ocean heat content perspective 1955- 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Hallam ◽  
Mark Guishard ◽  
Simon Josey ◽  
Pat Hyder ◽  
Joel Hirschi
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Mixed Layer Depth ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Ocean Temperature ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Intensity ◽  
Cyclone Intensity

<p>Here we investigate tropical cyclone (TC) activity and intensity within a 100km radius of Bermuda between 1955 and 2019. Our results show a more easterly genesis over time and significant increasing trends in tropical cyclone intensity (maximum wind speed (Vmax)) with a decadal Vmax median value increase of 30kts from 33 to 63kts, together with significant increasing August, September, October (ASO) sea surface temperature (SST) of 1.1°C (0.17 °C per decade)  and ocean temperature between 0.5–0.7°C (0.08-0.1°C per decade)  in the depth range 0-300m. The strongest correlation is found between TC intensity and ocean temperature averaged through the top 50m ocean layer (T<sub>50m</sub>) r=0.37 (p<0.01). </p><p>We show how tropical cyclone potential intensity estimates are closer to actual intensity by using T<sub>50m</sub> opposed to SST using the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Hydrostation S dataset. We modify the widely used sea surface temperature potential intensity index by using T<sub>50m</sub> to provide a closer estimate of the observed minimum sea level pressure (MSLP), and associated Vmax than by using SST, creating a T<sub>50m </sub>potential intensity (T<sub>50m</sub>_PI) index. The average MSLP difference is reduced by 12mb and proportional to the SST/ T<sub>50m </sub>temperature difference. We also suggest the index could be used over a wider area of the subtropical/tropical Atlantic where there is a shallow mixed layer depth. Finally, we outline the TC wind-pressure relationship observed for the subtropical Atlantic around Bermuda, explaining 77% of the variance, which may prove useful for future prediction.</p><p>(Environmental Research Letters, 2020, in revision)</p><p> </p><p> </p>

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