Supplemental Material for Do We Overemphasize the Role of Culture in the Behavior of Racial/Ethnic Minorities? Evidence of a Cultural (Mis)Attribution Bias in American Psychology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
American Psychology ◽  
Attribution Bias ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Is Culture More Important for Racial/Ethnic Minorities than for Whites? An Experiment and Survey on the Cultural (Mis)Attribution Bias Among College Students in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Causadias ◽  
Woochan Kwon ◽  
Christina Pedram ◽  
Kevin Michael Korous
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Psychological Dimension ◽  
Attribution Bias ◽  
Racial Ethnic

•Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the degree to which college students in the United States endorse the Cultural (Mis)Attribution Bias, the belief that culture matters more for racial/ethnic minorities than for Whites. We hypothesized that students will rate more favorably a sample of minorities for a homework assignment on culture (Hypothesis 1), more favorably a sample of Whites for an assignment on psychology (Hypothesis 2), will indicate that psychological processes are more influential in shaping the behavior of Whites (Hypothesis 3), that cultural processes are more influential in the behavior of minorities (Hypothesis 4), and will believe that other college students endorse these views (Hypothesis 5). We expected none of these effects to be moderated by participant’s race/ethnicity.•Methods: Convenience sample of college students (N = 798), 48% racial/ethnic minority, 66% female, Mage = 19.02. We conducted an experiment and survey with the same sample.•Results: We found support for Hypothesis 1, no support for Hypothesis 2, partial support for Hypothesis 3, support for Hypothesis 4, and partial support for Hypothesis 5. •Conclusions: These findings provide clear support to the “minorities are more cultural” dimension of this bias, but less support for the “Whites are more psychological” dimension. These findings have important implications, as they document that a sample of college students endorse this bias in ways that are both consistent and different to older, more educated, and less diverse faculty.

Deepening Intergenerational Participation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn Wong
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Racial Prejudice ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Participatory Citizenship ◽  
Hmong Americans ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Chapter Six concludes with a discussion of future prospects for wider and deeper political participation of the Hmong Americans. The desire to engage in elections is rooted in a belief in the role of government in assisting people poverty to become self-sufficient. Experiencing racial prejudice and economic disadvantage opens opportunities for education about commonality of interest with other racial-ethnic minorities and socially marginalized people. From this ground there is potential to better appreciate the power of collective action in politics and to gain the skills needed in a truly participatory citizenship which extends beyond voting alone. To realize this potential requires imagining collaborative and inter-generational projects of community-based political education.

They Are All Armed and Dangerous!

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Vaes ◽  
Marcella Latrofa ◽  
Caterina Suitner ◽  
Luciano Arcuri
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
News Article ◽  
Implicit Associations ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Biased Language ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract. The present research aims to verify the presence of linguistic biases in crime news reports (Study 1) and their role (Study 2) in activating a crime stereotype toward racial/ethnic minorities. In a first content analysis study, the natural occurrence of a set of linguistic biases was analyzed in Italian news articles that described comparable crimes committed by an in- or an outgroup aggressor. Results indicated that when the crime was committed by an outgroup (vs. ingroup) member, more aggravating and less attenuating adjectives were used. Moreover, the nationality of the perpetrator was not only mentioned more frequently, it also appeared in most cases as a noun. In Study 2, participants read a fictitious news article that either described an in- or outgroup criminal act with neutral or biased language. Their implicit associations between in- and outgroup members and weapons (vs. tools) were measured immediately afterward in the weapon paradigm. Results confirmed that a biased (vs. neutral) language use increased participants’ crime-related associations with the outgroup in general only when an outgroup criminal was staged. The role of media portrayals in determining the cognitive representations of racial/ethnic minorities is discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Norris ◽  
Opeyemi Olabisi ◽  
M. Barnett ◽  
Yuan-Xiang Meng ◽  
David Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is associated with bone and mineral disorders as well as immune, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Thus, it has been suggested that low 25D contributes to the poor outcomes in patients with CKD. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D rises progressively with advancing severity of kidney disease with over 30% of patients with CKD stage 3 and 70% patients with CKD stage 5 estimated to have low levels of 25D. This report describes several of the abnormal physiologic and counter-regulatory actions related to low 25D in CKD such as those in oxidative stress and inflammatory systems, and some of the preclinical and clinical evidence, or lack thereof, of normalizing serum 25D levels to improve outcomes in patients with CKD, and especially for the high risk subset of racial/ethnic minorities who suffer from higher rates of advanced CKD and hypovitaminosis D.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith C. Norris ◽  
Opeyemi Olabisi ◽  
M. Edwina Barnett ◽  
Yuan-Xiang Meng ◽  
David Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is associated with bone and mineral disorders as well as immune, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Thus, it has been suggested low 25D contributes to the poor outcomes in patients with CKD. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D rises progressively with advancing severity of kidney disease with over 30% of patients with CKD stage 3 and 70% patients with CKD stage 5 estimated to have low levels of 25D. This report describes several of the abnormal physiologic and counter-regulatory actions related to low 25D in CKD such as those in oxidative stress and inflammatory systems, and some of the preclinical and clinical evidence or lack of thereof of normalizing serum 25D levels to improve outcomes in patients with CKD, and especially for the high risk subset of racial/ethnic minorities who suffer from higher rates of advanced CKD and hypovitaminosis D.

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