Short-Term Memory Scanning Viewed As Categorization

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Nosofsky ◽  
Mario Fific
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Temporal Prediction Errors Affect Short-Term Memory Scanning Response Time

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Roberto Limongi ◽  
Angélica M. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Temporal Prediction

Abstract. The Sternberg short-term memory scanning task has been used to unveil cognitive operations involved in time perception. Participants produce time intervals during the task, and the researcher explores how task performance affects interval production – where time estimation error is the dependent variable of interest. The perspective of predictive behavior regards time estimation error as a temporal prediction error (PE), an independent variable that controls cognition, behavior, and learning. Based on this perspective, we investigated whether temporal PEs affect short-term memory scanning. Participants performed temporal predictions while they maintained information in memory. Model inference revealed that PEs affected memory scanning response time independently of the memory-set size effect. We discuss the results within the context of formal and mechanistic models of short-term memory scanning and predictive coding, a Bayes-based theory of brain function. We state the hypothesis that our finding could be associated with weak frontostriatal connections and weak striatal activity.

scholarly journals Short-term memory scanning viewed as exemplar-based categorization.

2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Nosofsky ◽  
Daniel R. Little ◽  
Christopher Donkin ◽  
Mario Fific
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals The diffusion model of reaction time for recent negative probes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
B.B. Velichkovsky ◽  
F.R. Sultanova ◽  
D.V. Tatarinov ◽  
A.A. Kachina
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Model ◽  
Drift Rate ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cognitive Representations ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Scanning Task

The study investigates the problem of information displacement from short-term memory. In two experiments, reaction times for recent negative probes were analyzed in the Sternberg’s memory scanning task. The diffusion model of reaction times was used with parameters estimated with the fast-dm software. It was found (experiment 1) that recent negative probes are characterized by a reduction in the speed of information accumulation (drift rate). This suggests residual activation of irrelevant cognitive representation in memory after they have been displaced from short-term memory. It was also found (experiment 2) that negative probes semantically related to items in a preceding target set (semantic recent negative probes) are characterized by a similar decrease in the drift rate. This suggests activation spreading from irrelevant cognitive representations displaced from short-term memory along semantic connections and identifies activated long-term memory as the target of information displacement from short-term memory. Additional mechanisms of short-term memory scanning (negative priming and dynamic decision thresholds) are discussed.

Slowing of short-term memory scanning in alcoholics.

1978 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1908-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Mohs ◽  
J R Tinklenberg ◽  
W T Roth ◽  
B S Kopell
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Short-term memory scanning in schizophrenic young adults.

1977 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon D. Koh ◽  
Ronald Szoc ◽  
Rolf A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Slope Parameters of Reaction Times and P3 Latencies in the Sternberg Memory Scanning Task – A Fixed-Links Model Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Maria Jungeblut ◽  
Dirk Hagemann ◽  
Christoph Löffler ◽  
Anna-Lena Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Slope Parameter ◽  
Memory Scanning ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Set Size ◽  
Scanning Task

The speed of retrieving information from short-term memory is thought to be captured in the slope of the linear function of reaction times (RTs) regressed on set size in the Sternberg memory scanning task (SMST). Individual differences in the slope parameter have been hypothesized to correlate with general intelligence (g). However, this correlation can usually not be found. This present study chose a fixed-links model (FLM) approach to re-evaluate the RT slope parameter on a latent level in a sample of 98 participants aged 18 to 61 years. The same was tried for P3 latencies to investigate whether or not both parameters measure the same cognitive processes in the SMST, and to assess the usability of both slopes to predict g. For RTs, a linear increase with set size was found. The RT slope correlated with g on a manifest level already. The FLM approach could significantly increase the relationship between the slope and g. For P3 latencies, no evidence for a linear increase was found. This indicates that RTs and P3 latencies do not measure the same cognitive processes in the SMST. The FLM proved suitable to investigate the association between the speed of short-term memory scanning and intelligence.

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