Fewer women, more violence? Examining geographic sex ratios across the United States

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Vandello
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Long-term trends and drought: spatiotemporal variation in juvenile sex ratios of North American ducks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sage Ellis ◽  
Madeleine Lohman ◽  
James Sedinger ◽  
Perry Williams ◽  
Thomas Riecke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Avian Communities ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Long Term Trends

Sex ratios affect population dynamics and individual fitness, and changing sex ratios can be indicative of shifts in sex-specific survival at different life stages. While climate- and landscape-change alter sex ratios of wild bird populations, long-term, landscape scale assessments of sex ratios are rare. Further, little work has been done to understand changes in sex ratios in avian communities. In this manuscript, we analyse long-term (1961-2015) data on five species of ducks across five broad climatic regions of the United States to estimate the effects of drought and long-term trends on the proportion of juvenile females captured at banding. As waterfowl have a 1:1 sex ratio at hatch, we interpret changes in sex ratios of captured juveniles as changes in sex-specific survival rates during early life. Seven of twelve species-region pairs exhibited evidence for long-term trends in the proportion of juvenile females at banding. The proportion of juvenile females at banding increased for duck populations in the western United States and typically declined for duck populations in the eastern United States. We only observed evidence for an effect of drought in two of the twelve species-region pairs, where the proportion of females declined during drought. As changes to North American landscapes and climate continue and intensify, we expect continued changes in sex-specific juvenile survival rates. More broadly, we encourage further research examining the mechanisms underlying long-term trends in juvenile sex ratios in avian communities.

Distortions of sex ratios at birth in the United States; evidence for prenatal gender selection

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 560-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. X. Egan ◽  
Winston A. Campbell ◽  
Audrey Chapman ◽  
Alireza A. Shamshirsaz ◽  
Padmalatha Gurram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gender Selection

scholarly journals Comparisons between nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) populations in Brazil and the United States

2015 ◽  
pp. 1173-1183
Author(s):  
W J Loughry ◽  
Colleen M McDonough
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dasypus Novemcinctus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
The U.S

We compared characteristics of a population of nine-banded armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) studied in the soulhem Uniled States with a population found in the Atlanlic coastal rainforest of Brazil. Adult armadillos in Brazil weighed less than Ihose in Ihe U.S., but when weight was accounted for, did not differ in: other measures of body size. However, juveniles in Ihe U.S. were proportionately bigger!han Ihose in Brazil. Armadillos in Brazil were less abundant (numbers sighted per h of observation) and were active laler al night .!han Ihose in the U.S. Adult sex-ratios were male-biased in bolh populations: Finally, there was no significant difference in Ihe incidence of litterrnate associations observed in Ihe two populations, but groups of juveniles (which included non-Iitterrnates) were observed more frequently in tbe U.S. Many of Ihese differences may be due 10 the fact that armadillos are hunted extensively in Brazil but not in the United States.

Who Went South? The German Ethnic Niche in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-392
Author(s):  
Walter D. Kamphoefner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South America ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aggregate Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
German Immigrants ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Northern And Southern Hemispheres

This article examines the demographic and occupational selectivity of German immigration to South America (primarily Argentina and Brazil) and Australia, compared to Germans bound for the United States, and the geographic and occupational niches they occupied at various destinations. It draws upon both individual-level and aggregate data from censuses and migration records on three continents to examine occupational profiles, urbanization rates, sex ratios, age structure, and age heaping as a rough measure of “quality,” among German immigrants to these destinations, concluding that immigration to the United States tended to be the least selective.

Correlative microscopy in distrubuted (client/server) computing environments: tools for catalyzing the rapid dissemination of information about the cell biology of the human prostate

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 682-683
Author(s):  
A. Hakam ◽  
J.T. Gau ◽  
M.L. Grove ◽  
B.A. Evans ◽  
M. Shuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Tissue Bank ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Correlative Microscopy ◽  
Client Server ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Transplant Organ

Prostate adenocarcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of men in the United States and is the third leading cause of death in men. Despite attempts at early detection, there will be 244,000 new cases and 44,000 deaths from the disease in the United States in 1995. Therapeutic progress against this disease is hindered by an incomplete understanding of prostate epithelial cell biology, the availability of human tissues for in vitro experimentation, slow dissemination of information between prostate cancer research teams and the increasing pressure to “ stretch” research dollars at the same time staff reductions are occurring.To meet these challenges, we have used the correlative microscopy (CM) and client/server (C/S) computing to increase productivity while decreasing costs. Critical elements of our program are as follows:1) Establishing the Western Pennsylvania Genitourinary (GU) Tissue Bank which includes >100 prostates from patients with prostate adenocarcinoma as well as >20 normal prostates from transplant organ donors.

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