Comparison of a virtual-reality test of executive function with standard executive function tests and their ecological validity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellie Perniskie ◽  
Nic Ward ◽  
John Dalrymple-Alford ◽  
Joyce Alberts ◽  
Ashok Jansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Function Tests

scholarly journals Executive Dysfunctions in Schizophrenia: A Critical Review of Traditional, Ecological and Virtual Reality Assessments

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2782
Author(s):  
Ernest Tyburski ◽  
Monika Mak ◽  
Andrzej Sokołowski ◽  
Anna Starkowska ◽  
Ewa Karabanowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Brain Correlates ◽  
Executive Dysfunctions ◽  
Neuropsychological Methods

In recent years, interest has grown in measuring executive function in schizophrenia with ecological and virtual reality (VR) tools. However, there is a lack of critical analysis comparing those tools with traditional ones. This paper aims to characterize executive dysfunction in schizophrenia by comparing ecological and virtual reality assessments with traditional tools, and to describe the neurobiological and psychopathological correlates. The analysis revealed that ecological and VR tests have higher levels of verisimilitude and similar levels of veridicality compared to traditional tools. Both negative symptoms and disorganization correlate significantly with executive dysfunction as measured by traditional tools, but their relationships with measures based on ecological and VR methods are still unclear. Although there is much research on brain correlates of executive impairments in schizophrenia with traditional tools, it is uncertain if these results will be confirmed with the use of ecological and VR tools. In the diagnosis of executive dysfunction, it is important to use a variety of neuropsychological methods—especially those with confirmed ecological validity—to properly recognize the underlying characteristics of the observed deficits and to implement effective forms of therapy.

scholarly journals Combining tDCS With a Motor-Cognitive Task to Reduce the Negative Impact of Dual-Tasking on the Gait of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 287-288
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Hausdorff ◽  
Nofar Schneider ◽  
Marina Brozgol ◽  
Pablo Cornejo Thumm ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Virtual Reality Environment ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
Concurrent Performance ◽  
Dual Task Cost

Abstract The simultaneous performance of a secondary task while walking (i.e., dual tasking) increases motor-cognitive interference and fall risk in older adults. Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with the concurrent performance of a task that putatively involves the same brain networks targeted by the tDCS may reduce the negative impact of dual-tasking on walking. We examined whether tDCS applied while walking reduces the dual-task costs to gait and whether this combination is better than tDCS alone or walking alone (with sham stimulation). In 25 healthy older adults (aged 75.7±10.5yrs), a double-blind, within-subject, cross-over pilot study evaluated the acute after-effects of 20 minutes of tDCS targeting the primary motor cortex and the dorsal lateral pre frontal cortex during three separate sessions:1) tDCS while walking on a treadmill in a virtual-reality environment (tDCS+walking), 2) tDCS while seated (tDCS+seated), and 3) walking in the virtual-reality environment with sham tDCS (sham+walking). The complex walking condition taxed motor and cognitive abilities. During each session, single- and dual-task walking and cognitive function were assessed before and immediately after stimulation. Compared to pre-tDCS performance, tDCS+walking reduced the dual-task cost to gait speed (p=0.004) and other gait features (e.g., variability p=0.02), and improved (p<0.001) executive function (Stroop interference score). tDCS+seated and sham+walking did not affect the dual-task cost to gait speed (p>0.17). These initial findings demonstrate that tDCS delivered during challenging walking ameliorates dual-task gait and executive function in older adults, suggesting that the concurrent performance of related tasks enhances the efficacy of the neural stimulation and mobility.

scholarly journals Sustained inhibition of the native language in bilingual language production: A virtual reality approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1035-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID PEETERS ◽  
TON DIJKSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Language Background ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Mixing Costs ◽  
Sustained Inhibition

Bilinguals often switch languages as a function of the language background of their addressee. The control mechanisms supporting bilinguals' ability to select the contextually appropriate language are heavily debated. Here we present four experiments in which unbalanced bilinguals named pictures in their first language Dutch and their second language English in mixed and blocked contexts. Immersive virtual reality technology was used to increase the ecological validity of the cued language-switching paradigm. Behaviorally, we consistently observed symmetrical switch costs, reversed language dominance, and asymmetrical mixing costs. These findings indicate that unbalanced bilinguals apply sustained inhibition to their dominant L1 in mixed language settings. Consequent enhanced processing costs for the L1 in a mixed versus a blocked context were reflected by a sustained positive component in event-related potentials. Methodologically, the use of virtual reality opens up a wide range of possibilities to study language and communication in bilingual and other communicative settings.

Executive Function Measures for Children: A Scoping Review of Ecological Validity

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wallisch ◽  
Lauren M. Little ◽  
Evan Dean ◽  
Winnie Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Ecological Validity

scholarly journals PILOTING A VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATION TO PROMOTE EXECUTIVE FUNCTION AND COMMUNITY MOBILITY IN AGING ADULTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 863-863
Author(s):  
M Carlson ◽  
T Chan ◽  
A Adam ◽  
O Ahmad ◽  
P Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Community Mobility ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality Application

scholarly journals Effects of Context and Virtual Reality Environments on the Wine Tasting Experience, Acceptability, and Emotional Responses of Consumers

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damir D. Torrico ◽  
Yitao Han ◽  
Chetan Sharma ◽  
Sigfredo Fuentes ◽  
Claudia Gonzalez Viejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Sensory Acceptability ◽  
Real Environment ◽  
Line Scale ◽  
Hedonic Scale

Wine tasting is a multidimensional experience that includes contextual information from tasting environments. Formal sensory tastings are limited by the use of booths that lack ecological validity and engagement. Virtual reality (VR) can overcome this limitation by simulating different environmental contexts. Perception, sensory acceptability, and emotional responses of a Cabernet Sauvignon wine under traditional sensory booths, contextual environments, and VR simulations were evaluated and compared. Participants (N = 53) performed evaluations under five conditions: (1) traditional booths, (2) bright-restaurant (real environment with bright lights), (3) dark-restaurant (real environment with dimly lit candles), (4) bright-VR (VR restaurant with bright lights), and (5) dark-VR (VR restaurant with dimly lit candles). Participants rated the acceptability of aroma, sweetness, acidity, astringency, mouthfeel, aftertaste, and overall liking (9-point hedonic scale), and intensities of sweetness, acidity, and astringency (15-point unstructured line-scale). Results showed that context (booths, real, or VR) affected the perception of the wine’s floral aroma (dark-VR = 8.6 vs. booths = 7.5). Liking of the sensory attributes did not change under different environmental conditions. Emotional responses under bright-VR were associated with “free”, “glad”, and “enthusiastic”; however, under traditional booths, they were related to “polite” and “secure”. “Nostalgic” and “daring” were associated with dark-VR. VR can be used to understand contextual effects on consumer perceptions.

Combined Memory and Executive Function Tests Can Screen Mild Cognitive Impairment and Converters to Dementia in a Community: The Osaki-Tajiri Project

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Nakata ◽  
Mari Kasai ◽  
Masashi Kasuya ◽  
Kyoko Akanuma ◽  
Mitsue Meguro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Function Tests

Effects of bilingualism on the age of onset and progression of MCI and AD: Evidence from executive function tests.

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Bialystok ◽  
Fergus I. M. Craik ◽  
Malcolm A. Binns ◽  
Lynn Ossher ◽  
Morris Freedman
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Function Tests
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