Antiepileptics: Significant Differences in Side Effects and Implications for School Behavior and Performance

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany N. Gerondale
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
School Behavior ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals The Topical Nanodelivery of Vismodegib Enhances Its Skin Penetration and Performance In Vitro While Reducing Its Toxicity In Vivo

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Maria Natalia Calienni ◽  
Daniela Maza Vega ◽  
C. Facundo Temprana ◽  
María Cecilia Izquierdo ◽  
David E. Ybarra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Polymeric Micelles ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Distribution Volume ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Oral Doses ◽  
Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma

Vismodegib is a first-in-class inhibitor for advanced basal cell carcinoma treatment. Its daily oral doses present a high distribution volume and several side effects. We evaluated its skin penetration loaded in diverse nanosystems as potential strategies to reduce side effects and drug quantities. Ultradeformable liposomes, ethosomes, colloidal liquid crystals, and dendrimers were able to transport Vismodegib to deep skin layers, while polymeric micelles failed at this. As lipidic systems were the most effective, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo toxicity of Vismodegib-loaded ultradeformable liposomes, apoptosis, and cellular uptake. Vismodegib emerges as a versatile drug that can be loaded in several delivery systems for topical application. These findings may be also useful for the consideration of topical delivery of other drugs with a low water solubility.

scholarly journals Reconciling optimization with secure compilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (OOPSLA) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Son Tuan Vu ◽  
Albert Cohen ◽  
Arnaud De Grandmaison ◽  
Christophe Guillon ◽  
Karine Heydemann
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Control Flow ◽  
Partial Ordering ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Machine Code ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Control Flow Integrity ◽  
Correct Execution ◽  
Source Level ◽  
And Performance

Software protections against side-channel and physical attacks are essential to the development of secure applications. Such protections are meaningful at machine code or micro-architectural level, but they typically do not carry observable semantics at source level. This renders them susceptible to miscompilation, and security engineers embed input/output side-effects to prevent optimizing compilers from altering them. Yet these side-effects are error-prone and compiler-dependent. The current practice involves analyzing the generated machine code to make sure security or privacy properties are still enforced. These side-effects may also be too expensive in fine-grained protections such as control-flow integrity. We introduce observations of the program state that are intrinsic to the correct execution of security protections, along with means to specify and preserve observations across the compilation flow. Such observations complement the input/output semantics-preservation contract of compilers. We introduce an opacification mechanism to preserve and enforce a partial ordering of observations. This approach is compatible with a production compiler and does not incur any modification to its optimization passes. We validate the effectiveness and performance of our approach on a range of benchmarks, expressing the secure compilation of these applications in terms of observations to be made at specific program points.

Anabolic Appearance- and Performance-Enhancing Drugs Side Effects Instrument

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hildebrandt ◽  
James W. Langenbucher ◽  
Sasha J. Carr ◽  
Pilar Sanjuan
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽  
Performance Enhancing

The promise and performance of progestogens as contraceptives

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Major Portion ◽  
Contraceptive Efficacy ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Varied Range ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Menstrual Pattern ◽  
And Performance

Progestogens were first suggested as possible contraceptives in the 1920s, but it was not until the early 1960s that effective progestogen-only contraceptive methods were developed. Since then it has become possible to deliver a range of different progestogens at varying doses, by a variety of routes, over greatly differing durations of time. Some of these systems have demonstrated extraordinarily high contraceptive efficacy with relatively few side-effects apart from unpredictable, but almost universal, disturbances of the menstrual pattern. It is now recognized that some systems may exhibit substantial non-contraceptive health benefits, which should become an important part of the overall performance profile of each method. The high technology and differing attributes associated with some of the systems raise important considerations in relation to user’s perceptions and programmatic requirements. Overall, progestogens are able to offer women a varied range of valuable choices for contraception. The differing performance characteristics of these methods now provide women with a major portion of their current contraceptive choices.

A Factorial, Reliability, and Validity Study of the Devereux Elementary School Behavior Rating Scale

1989 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Finkelman ◽  
Michael J. Ferrarese ◽  
Norman Garmezy
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
School Behavior ◽  
Peer Ratings ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Poor Comprehension ◽  
And Performance

This investigation explored the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the Devereux Elementary School Behavior Raring Scale, employing a large ( n = 648) sample of children. Factor analysis suggested that the Devereux scale can be described by four factors, which were named Disruptive—Oppositional, Poor Comprehension—Disattention, Cooperative—Initiating, and Performance Anxiety. All four factors showed high internal consistency, and three of the four were stable over a 17-mo. period. Correlations of the four factors with academic achievement, IQ, socioeconomic status, and peer ratings of social competence are presented. All four factors showed significant relations with these variables, with Poor Comprehension—Disattention the strongest of all. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the Poor Comprehension—Disattention factor accounted for significant variance in academic achievement even after IQ was taken into account. Large differences between classroom means on the factor scores suggested that Devereux ratings for individual students may need to be interpreted cautiously.

scholarly journals The Effect of Brachytherapy Safety Education on Knowledge, Performance, and Attitude of Radiology Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Engy A. R. Khames ◽  
Rasha F. Ahmed ◽  
Yasmin F. M. Abed Elazeem
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Professional Attitude ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Context: Brachytherapy is one of the cancer treatment modalities. Like any treatment, it can produce acute and delayed side effects. Unfortunately, patients getting brachytherapy experience many side effects that may affect their all quality of life aspect. So, nurses working in radiotherapy settings must be confident about their knowledge, competence, and technical skills. Therefore, holding continuing education programs for nurses is necessary.  Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of brachytherapy safety education on radiology nurses' knowledge, attitude, and performance. Methods: Quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study on nurses working on Ayadi El Mostakabal Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Four tools were used to collect the necessary data. The self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect the necessary data about the nurses. Radiology Nurses’ Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire to assess nurses' knowledge regarding nursing interventions for patients getting brachytherapy. Nurses’ Performance Observational Checklist to assess the actual nurses’ performance provided to patients getting brachytherapy. Radiology Nurses' Attitude Assessment Scale (RNAAS) measures nurses' professional attitude and the influence of safety training programs on nurses' attitudes. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between nurses' knowledge, performance, and attitude between the initial assessment, immediate, two weeks later, and three months of educational program implementation at p=0.001. Regarding the relationship between studied nurse's knowledge and their characteristics, there was a relationship found between nurses’ knowledge in the initial assessment and their age, marital status, and nurses’ years of experience at p=0.001, 0.002, and 0.0, respectively. While in the post-program implementation, the only relation was found between the nurses’ knowledge score and years of experience p=0.007, 0.053, and0.011 in immediate, two weeks later, and after three months of program implementation, respectively. There was no relation found between nurses' performance and their characteristics throughout program implementation phases. Conclusion: The current study findings concluded that radiation safety education for nurses regarding brachytherapy resulted in a statistically significant improvement in nurses' knowledge, performance, and attitude. Periodic and consistent update in-services training of nurses to improve their knowledge and practice enforces nurses to follow the approved guideline. Future studies are recommended to investigate nurses' knowledge and performance of radiation protection in the general ward or specialized departments.

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