A Name Recognition Task Eradicates the Age-Related Associative Memory Deficit: Metacognitive Processing Implications

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Berry ◽  
Asira Usubalieva ◽  
Angela Kilb ◽  
Helen Williams
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Metacognitive Processing

The effects of stereotype threat on the associative memory deficit of older adults

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Matthew S. Brubaker
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Item Memory ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Associative Deficit ◽  
Negative Effect

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] One of the suggestions made in the literature regarding older adults' episodic memory decline is that it is caused by their reduced ability to bind together components of an episode and retrieve the binding (termed an associative deficit). The purpose of the current research is to assess whether the age-related associative memory deficit is at least partially mediated by stereotype threat, which has been shown to negatively affect performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks, including memory performance of older adults. To date the effects of stereotype threat on older adults' memory performance have only been shown using tests of item memory, and between subject manipulations. The question assessed in the current research is whether older adults' associative memory will be affected by stereotype threat more than item memory, rendering it one potential factor underlying the associative deficit. To answer this question, three experiments were conducted, which used an item-associative recognition memory paradigm while manipulating stereotype threat both within and between subjects. The first two experiments attempted to establish the baseline effect by directly comparing item and associative memory in younger and older adults under induced stereotype threat, reduced stereotype threat, and no stereotype threat (i.e. control) conditions. While a baseline age-related associative deficit was not shown in the control condition, inducing stereotype threat did have a significant negative effect on older adults' associative memory performance without affecting item memory performance -- suggesting that stereotype threat does increase the age-related associative deficit. The third experiment further assessed the stage of processing -- encoding, retrieval, or both -- during which the effect of stereotype threat on older adults' memory occurs. Results showed that when stereotype threat was induced only at retrieval, memory performance was in line with performance with the reduced stereotype threat and control conditions, suggesting that this effect of stereotype threat occurs primarily during encoding of the information.

Effects of Aging and Divided Attention on Recognition Memory Processes for Single and Associative Information

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikari Kinjo
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Relative Deficiency ◽  
Effects Of Aging

In the divided attention paradigm to test age-related associative memory deficits, whether the effects of divided attention occur at encoding or retrieval has not been clarified, and the effect on retention has not been studied. This study explored whether and how much divided attention at either encoding, retention, or retrieval diminished accuracy in recognizing a single feature (object or location) and associated features (object + location) by 23 elderly people (13 women; M age = 70.6 yr., SD = 2.8) recruited from a neighborhood community circle, and 29 female college students ( M age = 20.8 yr., SD = 1.1). The results showed a significant decline in memory performance for both age groups due to divided attention in location and associative memory at retention, suggesting that the retention process demands attentional resources. Overall, regardless of their relative deficiency in associative memory, older adults showed an effect of divided attention comparable to that of younger adults in a recognition task.

scholarly journals The QuadMax Task: A Novel Parametric Manipulation of Associative Memory Load in Adults Across the Lifespan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana J. Bennett ◽  
Corinna Franco
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Memory Errors ◽  
Younger Age

Whereas adults across the lifespan can accurately recognize previously encountered items, they are worse at remembering precisely which items were previously seen together, and this associative memory deficit is exacerbated in older adults. However, the literature is dominated by studies of pair-wise associations, with very few examinations of higher associative loads and none in older adults. In the present study, 190 adults (18-83 years) completed a novel recognition task in which they studied word pairs, triplets, and quadruplets and were later tested on their memory for repeated, recombined, and novel word sets. Results revealed significantly more incorrect responses to recombined sets that increased from pairs to triplets to quadruplets, with older age groups making significantly more of these associative memory errors than younger age groups. Participants also made significantly more correct responses to repeated pairs compared to triplets and quadruplets, but these recognition memory effects did not vary by age group. These findings replicate and extend the paired-associative memory literature by demonstrating that associative memory deficits increase both with demands on binding processes at higher associative loads and with aging. They further demonstrate the feasibility of manipulating and assessing associative memory load using our novel QuadMax task.

scholarly journals Age-related associative memory deficit and its influential factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Mengyang ZHAO ◽  
Ruoyu GUO ◽  
Weibin MAO ◽  
Cancan ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Age Related

Age-related memory deficit: Role of study time and encoding strategies

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Froger ◽  
Badiaa Bouazzaoui ◽  
Laurence Taconnat
Keyword(s):  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Encoding Strategies

It’s time for action! – Does the presence of an action relationship reduce the associative memory deficit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 103652
Author(s):  
Véronique Huffer ◽  
Regine Bader ◽  
Axel Mecklinger
Keyword(s):  
Associative Memory ◽  
Memory Deficit
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