Why bats are blind to smooth surfaces

Nature ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamini Bundell
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surfaces

Stereo Electron Microscopy Applied to High Resolution Freeze-Etch Replicas

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
L. Andrew Staehelin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Membrane Surfaces ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
New Information ◽  
Number Of Particles ◽  
Small Holes

Freeze-etched membranes usually appear as relatively smooth surfaces covered with numerous small particles and a few small holes (Fig. 1). In 1966 Branton (1“) suggested that these surfaces represent split inner mem¬brane faces and not true external membrane surfaces. His theory has now gained wide acceptance partly due to new information obtained from double replicas of freeze-cleaved specimens (2,3) and from freeze-etch experi¬ments with surface labeled membranes (4). While theses studies have fur¬ther substantiated the basic idea of membrane splitting and have shown clearly which membrane faces are complementary to each other, they have left the question open, why the replicated membrane faces usually exhibit con¬siderably fewer holes than particles. According to Branton's theory the number of holes should on the average equal the number of particles. The absence of these holes can be explained in either of two ways: a) it is possible that no holes are formed during the cleaving process e.g. due to plastic deformation (5); b) holes may arise during the cleaving process but remain undetected because of inadequate replication and microscope techniques.

Ultrathin Insulator Films with Atomically Smooth Surfaces Using Plasma Processing

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkateswara Bommisetty ◽  
Rojan L. Karmacharya ◽  
Suravi Shrestha ◽  
David Galipeau
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Processing ◽  
Smooth Surfaces

Ethnic Caricature and the Comic Sensibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 248-267
Author(s):  
Jean Lee Cole
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Stephen Crane ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Comic Strip

When realists engage in comedy, they are hardly ever funny. Their comic efforts strike the reader as clumsy intrusions into a world that is otherwise governed by natural or societal forces. Yet the comic mode, and an aspect of the comic that could be called the comic sensibility, can be contextualized within and against realism. Liminal and transgressive, the comic sensibility solved some of the representative conundrums of realism, disrupting its smooth surfaces and thumbing its nose at determinism. The comic sensibility depended heavily on caricature—specifically, ethnic caricature—and while ethnic caricature usually denigrated its subjects, in notable cases, as in the work of Charles Chesnutt, Stephen Crane, Bruno Lessing (Rudolph Block), vaudeville comedians, and comic-strip artists, the comic sensibility provided openings for ethnic and racial minorities to make meaning, form a collective identity, and foster solidarity.

Double cover K3 surfaces of Hirzebruch surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Taro Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Rational Surface ◽  
K3 Surfaces ◽  
Double Cover ◽  
Double Covering ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Branch Locus ◽  
Hirzebruch Surfaces ◽  
Double Covers

Abstract General K3 surfaces obtained as double covers of the n-th Hirzebruch surfaces with n = 0, 1, 4 are not double covers of other smooth surfaces. We give a criterion for such a K3 surface to be a double covering of another smooth rational surface based on the branch locus of double covers and fibre spaces of Hirzebruch surfaces.

Droplet evaporation dynamics on microstructured biphilic, hydrophobic, and smooth surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alperen Günay ◽  
Moon-Kyung Kim ◽  
Xiao Yan ◽  
Nenad Miljkovic ◽  
Soumyadip Sett
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Evaporation ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Evaporation Dynamics

Microstructure Evolution of Epitaxial (Ba, Sr) TiO3/ (001) HgO Thin Films

1994 ◽  
Vol 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Alyoshin ◽  
E.V. Sviridov ◽  
V.I.M. Hukhortov ◽  
I.H. Zakharchenko ◽  
V.P. Dudkevich
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Surface Versus ◽  
Deposition Conditions

ABSTRACTSurface and cross-section relief evolution of ferroelectric epitaxial (Ba,Sr)TiO3 films rf-sputtered on (001) HgO crystal cle-avage surface versus the oxygen worKing gas pressure P and subst-rate temperature T were studied. Specific features of both three-dimensional and two-dimensional epitaxy mechanisms corresponding to various deposition conditions were revealed. Difference between low and high P-T-value 3D epitaxy was established. The deposition of films with mirror-smooth surfaces and perfect interfaces is shown to be possible.

Comparison of the Caries-Producing Properties of Diets 2700, 2000, and Modifications of 2000 in Rats

1972 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Smooth Surfaces ◽  
Strain Variation ◽  
Caries Activity ◽  
Mineral Mixture ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins

Diet 2000 did not support as rapid growth as did diet 2700, even when supplemented simultaneously with protein, unsaturated fats, B-complex and fat-soluble vitamins, and minerals. With some strain variation, the mineral mixture as a supplement to diet 2000 caused reductions in caries activity in occlusal sulci and on smooth surfaces to about the same levels observed with diet 2700. Sucrose and confectioner's sugar fed alone alternating with laboratory meal were about equally capable of supporting caries.

Preparation of atomically smooth surfaces via sputtering under glancing incidence conditions

1995 ◽  
Vol 331-333 ◽  
pp. 1093-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Holzwarth ◽  
M. Wissing ◽  
D.S. Simeonova ◽  
S. Tzanev ◽  
K.J. Snowdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surfaces
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