Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with masked and sustained hypertension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kollios ◽  
Thomaitsa Nika ◽  
Vasilios Kotsis ◽  
Katerina Chrysaidou ◽  
Christina Antza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sustained Hypertension

scholarly journals Prevalence of sustained hypertension and obesity among urban and rural adolescents: a school-based, cross-sectional study in North India

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e027134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishav Mohan ◽  
Amit Verma ◽  
Kavita Singh ◽  
Kalpana Singh ◽  
Sarit Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Children ◽  
Urban School ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sustained Hypertension ◽  
Rural And Urban

ObjectiveRecent data on sustained hypertension and obesity among school-going children and adolescents in India are limited. This study evaluates the prevalence of sustained hypertension and obesity and their risk factors among urban and rural adolescents in northern India.SettingA school-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted in the urban and rural areas of Ludhiana, Punjab, India using standardised measurement tools.ParticipantsA total of 1959 participants aged 11–17 years (urban: 849; rural: 1110) were included in this school-based survey.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTo measure sustained hypertension among school children, two distinct blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded at an interval of 1 week. High BP was defined and classified into three groups as recommended by international guidelines: (1) normal BP: <90th percentile compared with age, sex and height percentile in each age group; (2) prehypertension: BP=90th–95th percentile; and (3) hypertension: BP >95th percentile. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics classification was used to define underweight, normal, overweight and obesity as per the body mass index (BMI) for specific age groups.ResultsThe prevalence of sustained hypertension among rural and urban areas was 5.7% and 8.4%, respectively. The prevalence of obesity in rural and urban school children was 2.7% and 11.0%, respectively. The adjusted multiple regression model found that urban area (relative risk ratio (RRR): 1.7, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.93), hypertension (RRR: 7.4, 95% CI 4.21 to 13.16) and high socioeconomic status (RRR: 38.6, 95% CI 16.54 to 90.22) were significantly associated with an increased risk of obesity. However, self-reported regular physical activity had a protective effect on the risk of obesity among adolescents (RRR: 0.4, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.62). Adolescents who were overweight (RRR: 2.66, 95% CI 1.49 to 4.40) or obese (RRR: 7.21, 95% CI 4.09 to 12.70) and reported added salt intake in their diet (RRR: 4.90, 95% CI 2.83 to 8.48) were at higher risk of hypertension.ConclusionHigh prevalence of sustained hypertension and obesity was found among urban school children and adolescents in a northern state in India. Hypertension among adolescents was positively associated with overweight and obesity (high BMI). Prevention and early detection of childhood obesity and high BP should be strengthened to prevent the risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults.

P162 ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND BODY COMPOSITION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (C) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Tommy Cai ◽  
Alice Meroni ◽  
Hasthi Dissanayake ◽  
Melinda Phang ◽  
Ahmad Qasem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents

Controversies in the association of cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 675-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Meyer ◽  
Julia Elmenhorst ◽  
Tobias Giegerich ◽  
Renate Oberhoffer ◽  
Jan Müller
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness

Increased arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: no association between arterial stiffness and serum levels of adiponectin

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Galler ◽  
Amadea Heitmann ◽  
Werner Siekmeyer ◽  
Götz Gelbrich ◽  
Thomas Kapellen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Serum Levels

Ethnicity and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents from a Brazilian population

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2257-2261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divanei Zaniqueli ◽  
Rafael O. Alvim ◽  
Sara G. Luiz ◽  
Polyana R. Oliosa ◽  
Roberto de Sá Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Brazilian Population

Arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with and without continuous insulin infusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-841
Author(s):  
Cíntia Castro-Correia ◽  
Cláudia Moura ◽  
Cláudia Mota ◽  
Rita Santos-Silva ◽  
J. Carlos Areias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Insulin Infusion ◽  
Infusion System

Abstract Background Arterial stiffness is a consequence of aging, but there are several diseases that contribute to this process. The evaluation of pulse wave velocity (PWV) allows a dynamic evaluation of vascular distensibility and the detection of atherosclerosis at an early stage. It was intended to evaluate the PWV in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to compare their outcome according to the type of treatment used. Methods Forty-eight patients were randomly selected. Inclusion criteria: T1DM, under intensive insulin therapy (multiple daily insulin administrations [MDI] or continuous insulin infusion system [CIIS]). Exclusion criteria: existence of another chronic pathology or microvascular complications. Echocardiography was performed and three measurements of PWV were done, with their mean calculated. Results Most of the children and adolescents presented a PWV ≥ the 75th centile. There was a statistically significant difference for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (7.8 in CIIS vs. 9 in MDI, p < 0.05). There were not statistically significant differences in the PWV between the two groups. This can be attributed to the fact that children with CIIS are those who previously presented greater glycemic instability. There was a significant correlation between PWV and disease duration (Pearson’s correlation coefficient [r] = 0.314, p = 0.036). Conclusions This study showed that in children and adolescents with T1DM, there is an important prevalence of arterial stiffness, translated by an increase in PWV. This increase in PWV appears to exist even in very young children with little disease evolution time.

scholarly journals The Association between Nitric Oxide Pathway, Blood Pressure Abnormalities, and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 5301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu ◽  
Lu ◽  
Lo ◽  
Lin ◽  
Tain
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
Lv Mass

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD), while major CV events are rare in young CKD patients. In addition to nitric oxide (NO)-related biomarkers, several surrogate markers have been assessed to stratify CV risk in youth with CKD, including 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), ABPM-derived arterial stiffness index (AASI), flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). The aim of this study was to identify subclinical CVD through the analysis of indices of CV risk in children and adolescents with CKD. Between 2016 and 2018, the prospective observational study enrolled 125 patients aged 3 to 18 years with G1–G4 CKD stages. Close to two-thirds of young patients with CKD exhibited blood pressure (BP) abnormalities on ABPM. CKD children with abnormal office BP showed lower plasma arginine levels and arginine-to-asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) ratio, but higher ratios of ADMA-to-symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and citrulline-to-arginine. High PWV and AASI, indices of arterial stiffness, both strongly correlated with high BP load. Additionally, LV mass and LVMI exhibited strong correlations with high BP load. Using an adjusted regression model, we observed the citrulline-to-arginine ratio was associated with 24-h systolic and diastolic BP, systolic blood pressure (SBP) load, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) load. Early assessments of NO-related parameters, BP load abnormalities, arterial stiffness indices, and LV mass will aid in early preventative care toward decreasing CV risk later in life for children and adolescents with CKD.

DETERMINANTS OF ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. e73
Author(s):  
G. Stergiou ◽  
A. Kollias ◽  
P. Giovas ◽  
L. G. Roussias
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Children And Adolescents
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