scholarly journals Organic matter mineralization in modern and ancient ferruginous sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Friese ◽  
Kohen Bauer ◽  
Clemens Glombitza ◽  
Luis Ordoñez ◽  
Daniel Ariztegui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Ferric Iron ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycling ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Matter Mineralization ◽  
Lake Towuti

AbstractDeposition of ferruginous sediment was widespread during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eons, playing an important role in global biogeochemical cycling. Knowledge of organic matter mineralization in such sediment, however, remains mostly conceptual, as modern ferruginous analogs are largely unstudied. Here we show that in sediment of ferruginous Lake Towuti, Indonesia, methanogenesis dominates organic matter mineralization despite highly abundant reactive ferric iron phases like goethite that persist throughout the sediment. Ferric iron can thus be buried over geologic timescales even in the presence of labile organic carbon. Coexistence of ferric iron with millimolar concentrations of methane further demonstrates lack of iron-dependent methane oxidation. With negligible methane oxidation, methane diffuses from the sediment into overlying waters where it can be oxidized with oxygen or escape to the atmosphere. In low-oxygen ferruginous Archaean and Proterozoic oceans, therefore, sedimentary methane production was likely favored with strong potential to influence Earth’s early climate.

scholarly journals Evidence for the priming effect in a planktonic estuarine microbial community

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Decker Steen ◽  
Lauren N. M. Quigley ◽  
Alison Buchan
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Coastal Ocean ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Recalcitrant Organic Matter

The "priming effect", in which addition of labile substances changes the remineralization rate of recalcitrant organic matter, has been intensively studied in soils, but is less well-documented in aquatic systems. We investigated the extent to which additions of nutrients or labile organic carbon could influence remineralization rates of 14C-labeled, microbially-degraded, phytoplankton-derived organic matter (OM) in microcosms inoculated with microbial communities drawn from Groves Creek Estuary in coastal Georgia, USA. We found that amendment with labile protein plus phosphorus increased remineralization rates of degraded, phytoplankton-derived OM by up to 100%, whereas acetate slightly decreased remineralization rates relative to an unamended control. Addition of ammonium and phosphate induced a smaller effect, whereas addition of ammonium alone had no effect. Counterintuitively, alkaline phosphatase activities increased in response to the addition of protein under P-replete conditions, indicating that production of enzymes unrelated to the labile priming compound may be a mechanism for the priming effect. The observed priming effect was transient: after 36 days of incubation roughly the same quantity of organic carbon had been mineralized in all treatments including no-addition controls. This timescale is on the order of the typical hydrologic residence times of well-flushed estuaries suggesting that priming in estuaries has the potential to influence whether OC is remineralized in situ or exported to the coastal ocean.

Influence of Different Acid Treatments on the Radiocarbon Content Spectrum of Sedimentary Organic Matter Determined by RPO/Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Bao ◽  
Ann P McNichol ◽  
Jordon D Hemingway ◽  
Mary C Lardie Gaylord ◽  
Timothy I Eglinton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
High Carbonate ◽  
Acid Treatments

ABSTRACTIn practice, obtaining radiocarbon (14C) composition of organic matter (OM) in sediments requires first removing inorganic carbon (IC) by acid-treatment. Two common treatments are acid rinsing and fumigation. Resulting14C content obtained by different methods can differ, but underlying causes of these differences remain elusive. To assess the influence of different acid-treatments on14C content of sedimentary OM, we examine the variability in14C content for a range of marine and river sediments. By comparing results for unacidified and acidified sediments [HCl rinsing (RinseHCl) and HCl fumigation (FumeHCl)], we demonstrate that the two acid-treatments can affect14C content differentially. Our findings suggest that, for low-carbonate samples, RinseHClaffects the Fm values due to loss of young labile organic carbon (OC). FumeHClmakes the Fm values for labile OC decrease, leaving the residual OC older. High-carbonate samples can lose relatively old organic components during RinseHCl, causing the Fm values of remaining OC to increase. FumeHClcan remove thermally labile, usually young, OC and reduce the Fm values. We suggest three factors should be taken into account when using acid to remove carbonate from sediments: IC abundance, proportions of labile and refractory OC, and environmental matrix.

Fate of Labile Organic Carbon in Paddy Soil Is Regulated by Microbial Ferric Iron Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (15) ◽  
pp. 8533-8542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Xin Xu ◽  
Xiao-Ming Li ◽  
Guo-Xin Sun ◽  
Li Cui ◽  
Long-Jun Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Ferric Iron ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon

scholarly journals Potential methane production and oxidation along the soil chronosequence of the Rotmoos glacier forefield

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Eva Maria Prem ◽  
Nadine Praeg ◽  
Katrin Hofmann ◽  
Andreas Otto Wagner ◽  
Paul Illmer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Enzymatic Properties ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Glacier Forefield ◽  
Soil Age

SummaryFive differently developed soils aged 6, 35, 80, 150, and >5000 years with the same bedrock and the same (current) climate conditions were chosen to assess abiotic and enzymatic properties as well as methanogenic and methanotrophic activities. Most abiotic properties (dry weight, pH, soil organic matter, and ammonium content), enzyme activities (dehydrogenase [DH] activity, ammonification [AM] rate, dimethylsulfoxide reduction), and potential methane oxidation (PoMO) per gram of dry weight (DW) increased with soil age. In contrast, potential methane production (PoMP) as well as the nitrate content per gram of DW and most enzymatic properties per gram of soil organic matter (SOM) did not increase with soil age but reached its maximum in the middle-aged soils (80–150 years). Our results show that (i) microbial activity does not consequently increase with SOM content/soil age; (ii) methane production can be measured in undeveloped soils, whereas methane oxidation is more restricted to fully developed soils; and (iii) certain soil modifications (change in water content, ammonium addition) could influence potential methane production/oxidation. When considering the concurrent release of raw soil because of the melting of perpetual ice, these data could help to better understand and assess the consequences of global change.

scholarly journals Effect of Municipal Sewage Sludge under Salix Plantations on Dissolved Soil Organic Carbon Pools / Wpływ Osadów Ściekowych Na Plantacjach Salix Na Zawartość Węgla Rozpuszczonego W Glebie

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kalisz ◽  
Andrzej Lachacz ◽  
Roman Glazewski ◽  
Andrzej Klasa
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Pools ◽  
One Year

Abstract Labile fractions of organic matter can rapidly respond to changes in soil and they have been suggested as sensitive indicators of soil organic matter. Two labile fractions of organic carbon in the soils amended with fresh municipal sewage sludge in two rates (equivalent of 60 kg P ha-1 and 120 kg P ha-1) were studied. Soils under studies were overgrown with Salix in Germany, Estonia and Poland. In Polish soils application of sewage sludge increased the content of both labile organic carbon fractions (KMnO4-C and HWC) for a period of one year. Estonian soils were stable and no distinct changes in labile organic carbon fractions occurred.

Sequestration of a Biologically Labile Organic Carbon in Soils by Humified Organic Matter

2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allessandro Piccolo ◽  
Riccardo Spaccini ◽  
Rolf Nieder ◽  
Joerg Richter
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon

Earth’s Middle Ages: What Came after the GOE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Eugene Canfield
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Iron Formation ◽  
Banded Iron Formation ◽  
Dissolved Iron ◽  
Great Oxidation Event ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Substantial Rise

This chapter considers the aftermath of the great oxidation event (GOE). It suggests that there was a substantial rise in oxygen defining the GOE, which may, in turn have led to the Lomagundi isotope excursion, which was associated with high rates of organic matter burial and perhaps even higher concentrations of oxygen. This excursion was soon followed by a crash in oxygen to very low levels and a return to banded iron formation deposition. When the massive amounts of organic carbon buried during the excursion were brought into the weathering environment, they would have represented a huge oxygen sink, drawing down levels of atmospheric oxygen. There appeared to be a veritable seesaw in oxygen concentrations, apparently triggered initially by the GOE. The GOE did not produce enough oxygen to oxygenate the oceans. Dissolved iron was removed from the oceans not by reaction with oxygen but rather by reaction with sulfide. Thus, the deep oceans remained anoxic and became rich in sulfide, instead of becoming well oxygenated.

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