scholarly journals Single dose rVSVΔG-JUNVGP vaccine protects guinea pigs against lethal Junin virus challenge

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa E. Sorvillo ◽  
Robert W. Cross ◽  
Dylan M. Johnson ◽  
Natalie S. Dobias ◽  
Karla A. Fenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Avidity ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Junín Virus

AbstractJunin virus (JUNV) is a pathogen of biodefense importance due to its potential for aerosol transmission and mortality rates reaching 30%. Currently, there are no JUNV vaccines licensed by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for at-risk individuals. A vaccine based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) has been effectively used to prevent Ebola virus disease in humans. Here, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a rVSV expressing the JUNV glycoprotein (rVSVΔG-JUNVGP) in a guinea pig model of lethal JUNV disease. Two groups of guinea pigs, one prime and one prime-boost, were vaccinated with rVSVΔG-JUNVGP; six control animals remained unvaccinated. Survival for prime and prime-boost vaccinated animals was 100% while the challenge virus was uniformly lethal in all control animals. Animals in both vaccine groups developed robust, high avidity IgG antibody titers post-vaccination as well as detectable neutralizing antibodies while control animals failed to develop detectable antibody responses. This study demonstrates for the first time that rVSV expressing the JUNV GP fully protects guinea pigs from lethal JUNV challenge with a single injection vaccine.

Homologous and heterologous glycoproteins induce protection against Junin virus challenge in guinea pigs

Microbiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 1273-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora López ◽  
Luis Scolaro ◽  
Carlos Rossi ◽  
Rodrigo Jácamo ◽  
Nélida Candurra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia Virus ◽  
Glycoprotein Precursor ◽  
Lethal Challenge ◽  
Recombinant Vaccinia ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Junín Virus

Tacaribe virus (TACV) is an arenavirus that is genetically and antigenically closely related to Junin virus (JUNV), the aetiological agent of Argentine haemorrhagic fever (AHF). It is well established that TACV protects experimental animals fully against an otherwise lethal challenge with JUNV. To gain information on the nature of the antigens involved in cross-protection, recombinant vaccinia viruses were constructed that express the glycoprotein precursor (VV–GTac) or the nucleocapsid protein (VV–N) of TACV. TACV proteins expressed by vaccinia virus were indistinguishable from authentic virus proteins by gel electrophoresis. Guinea pigs inoculated with VV–GTac or VV–N elicited antibodies that immunoprecipitated authentic TACV proteins. Antibodies generated by VV–GTac neutralized TACV infectivity. Levels of antibodies after priming and boosting with recombinant vaccinia virus were comparable to those elicited in TACV infection. To evaluate the ability of recombinant vaccinia virus to protect against experimental AHF, guinea pigs were challenged with lethal doses of JUNV. Fifty per cent of the animals immunized with VV–GTac survived, whereas all animals inoculated with VV–N or vaccinia virus died. Having established that the heterologous glycoprotein protects against JUNV challenge, a recombinant vaccinia virus was constructed that expresses JUNV glycoprotein precursor (VV–GJun). The size and reactivity to monoclonal antibodies of the vaccinia virus-expressed and authentic JUNV glycoproteins were indistinguishable. Seventy-two per cent of the animals inoculated with two doses of VV–GJun survived lethal JUNV challenge. Protection with either VV–GJun or VV–GTac occurred in the presence of low or undetectable levels of neutralizing antibodies to JUNV.

scholarly journals Cell Culture-Derived Tilapia Lake Virus-Inactivated Vaccine Containing Montanide Adjuvant Provides High Protection against Viral Challenge for Tilapia

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zeng ◽  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Huzi Hu ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
Sven M. Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
Booster Immunization ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
High Level ◽  
Factor Α

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a newly emerging pathogen responsible for high mortality and economic losses in the global tilapia industry. Currently, no antiviral therapy or vaccines are available for the control of this disease. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the immunological effects and protective efficacy of formaldehyde- and β-propiolactone-inactivated vaccines against TiLV in the presence and absence of the Montanide IMS 1312 VG adjuvant in tilapia. We found that β-propiolactone inactivation of viral particles generated a vaccine with a higher protection efficacy against virus challenge than did formaldehyde. The relative percent survivals of vaccinated fish at doses of 108, 107, and 106 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/mL were 42.9%, 28.5%, and 14.3% in the absence of the adjuvant and 85.7%, 64.3%, and 32.1% in its presence, respectively. The vaccine generated specific IgM and neutralizing antibodies against TiLV at 3 weeks following immunization that were significantly increased after a second booster immunization. The steady state mRNA levels of the genes tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon γ (IFN-γ), cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4), major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-Ia, and MHC-II were all increased and indicated successful immune stimulation against TiLV. The vaccine also significantly lowered the viral loads and resulted in significant increases in survival, indicating that the vaccine may also inhibit viral proliferation as well as stimulate a protective antibody response. The β-propiolactone-inactivated TiLV vaccine coupled with the adjuvant Montanide IMS 1312 VG and booster immunizations can provide a high level of protection from virus challenge in tilapia.

Effect of Ribavirin on Junin Virus Infection in Guinea Pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salazar ◽  
N. E. Yun ◽  
A. L. Poussard ◽  
J. N. Smith ◽  
J. K. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Junín Virus

Infection of Pregnant Guinea Pigs with Attenuated Junin Virus Strains

Intervirology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
María de las Mercedes Gómez ◽  
Martha C. Boxaca
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Junín Virus ◽  
Virus Strains

New Attenuation Marker for Junin Virus Based on Immunologic Responses of Guinea Pigs

1982 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Galassi ◽  
J. L. Blejer ◽  
H. Barrios ◽  
M. R. Nejamkis ◽  
N. R. Nota
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Junín Virus

Assessing cross-reactivity of Junín virus-directed neutralizing antibodies

2019 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Leske ◽  
Irke Waßmann ◽  
Kevin Schnepel ◽  
Kyle Shifflett ◽  
Julia Holzerland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Junín Virus

scholarly journals A single amino acid substitution in PB1 of pandemic H1N1 with A/Ann Arbor/6/60 master donor virus mutations as a novel live-attenuated influenza virus vaccine

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Nogales ◽  
John Steel ◽  
Wen-Chun Liu ◽  
Anice C Lowen ◽  
Laura Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
The U.S

Influenza A viruses (IAV) remain emerging threats to human public health. Live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) are one of the most effective prophylactic options to prevent disease caused by influenza infections. However, licensed LAIV remain restricted for use in 2- to 49-year old healthy and non-pregnant people. Therefore, development of LAIV with increased safety, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy is highly desired. The United States (U.S.) licensed LAIV is based on the master donor virus (MDV) A/Ann Arbor/6/60 H2N2 backbone, which was generated by adaptation of the virus to growth at low temperatures. Introducing the genetic signature of the U.S. MDV into the backbone of other IAV strains resulted in varying levels of attenuation. While the U.S. MDV mutations conferred an attenuated phenotype to other IAV strains, the same amino acid changes did not significantly attenuate the pandemic A/California/04/09 H1N1 (pH1N1) strain. To attenuate pH1N1, we replaced the conserved leucine at position 319 with glutamine (L319Q) in PB1 and analyzed the in vitro and in vivo properties of pH1N1 viruses containing either PB1 L319Q alone or in combination with the U.S. MDV mutations using two animal models of influenza infection and transmission, ferrets and guinea pigs. Our results demonstrated that L319Q substitution in the pH1N1 PB1 alone or in combination with the mutations of the U.S. MDV resulted in reduced pathogenicity (ferrets) and transmission (guinea pigs), and an enhanced temperature sensitive phenotype. These results demonstrate the feasibility of generating an attenuated MDV based on the backbone of a contemporary pH1N1 IAV strain.

Congenital and perinatal infection with junin virus in guinea pigs

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Sangiorgio ◽  
Mercedes C. Weissenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Perinatal Infection ◽  
Junin Virus ◽  
Junín Virus
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