scholarly journals Resistance status of lepidopteran soybean pests following large-scale use of MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato J. Horikoshi ◽  
Oderlei Bernardi ◽  
Daniela N. Godoy ◽  
Altair A. Semeão ◽  
Alan Willse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Glyphosate Tolerance ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
Widespread Adoption ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Commercial Introduction ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens

AbstractWidespread adoption of MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean, expressing Cry1Ac Bt protein and glyphosate tolerance, has been observed in Brazil. A proactive program was implemented to phenotypically and genotypically monitor Cry1Ac resistance in Chrysodeixis includens (Walker). Recent cases of unexpected injury in MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean were investigated and a large-scale sampling of larvae on commercial soybean fields was performed to assess the efficacy of this technology and the distribution of lepidopteran pests in Brazil. No significant shift in C. includens susceptibility to Cry1Ac was observed eight years after commercial introduction of this technology in Brazil. F2 screen results confirmed that the frequency of Cry1Ac resistance alleles remains low and stable in C. includens. Unexpected injury caused by Rachiplusia nu (Guenée) and Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham) in MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean was detected during the 2020/21 season, and studies confirmed a genetically based alteration in their susceptibility to Cry1Ac. MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean remains effective against Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), C. includens, Chloridea virescents (Fabricius) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in Brazil. However, there is evidence of field-evolved resistance to MON 87701 × MON 89788 soybean by the secondary soybean pests R. nu and C. aporema.

scholarly journals Large-scale assessment of lepidopteran soybean pests and efficacy of Cry1Ac soybean in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato J. Horikoshi ◽  
Patrick M. Dourado ◽  
Geraldo U. Berger ◽  
Davi de S. Fernandes ◽  
Celso Omoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest ◽  
Insecticide Sprays ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens

AbstractThe soybean technology MON 87701 × MON 89788, expressing Cry1Ac and conferring tolerance to glyphosate, has been widely adopted in Brazil since 2013. However, pest shifts or resistance evolution could reduce the benefits of this technology. To assess Cry1Ac soybean performance and understand the composition of lepidopteran pest species attacking soybeans, we implemented large-scale sampling of larvae on commercial soybean fields during the 2019 and 2020 crop seasons to compare with data collected prior to the introduction of Cry1Ac soybeans. Chrysodeixis includens was the main lepidopteran pest in non-Bt fields. More than 98% of larvae found in Cry1Ac soybean were Spodoptera spp., although the numbers of Spodoptera were similar between Cry1Ac soybean and non-Bt fields. Cry1Ac soybean provided a high level of protection against Anticarsia gemmatalis, C. includens, Chloridea virescens and Helicoverpa spp. Significant reductions in insecticide sprays for lepidopteran control in soybean were observed from 2012 to 2019. Our study showed that C. includens and A. gemmatalis continue to be primary lepidopteran pests of soybean in Brazil and that Cry1Ac soybean continues to effectively manage the target lepidopteran pests. However, there was an increase in the relative abundance of non-target Spodoptera spp. larvae in both non-Bt and Cry1Ac soybeans.

scholarly journals Exposure to Herbicides Primes P450-Mediated Detoxification of Helicoverpa armigera against Insecticide and Fungal Toxin

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxiang Sun ◽  
Cuicui Xu ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
Qi Shi ◽  
Huanhuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Fungal Toxin ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Toxic Plant

With the long-term and large-scale use, herbicides have been well known to influence tritrophic interactions particularly natural enemies of pests in agro-ecosystems. On the other hand, herbivorous insects, especially the generalist pests, have developed antagonistic interaction to different insecticides, toxic plant secondary metabolites and even heavy metals. However, whether exposure to herbicides would affect resistance of insects against insecticides is largely unknown, especially in agricultural pests. Here, we first reported that pre-exposure to two widely used herbicides butachlor and haloxyfop-methyl for 48 h can prime resistance of a generalist agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera Hübner against insecticide methomyl and fungal toxin aflatoxin B1. In addition, there were no significant differences between control and herbicides-treated caterpillars on weight gain, pupal weight and pupation rates, suggesting that exposure to herbicides induce resistance of H. armigera accompanied with no fitness cost. Moreover, by determining detoxifying enzyme activities and toxicity bioassay with additional inhibitor of cytochrome P450 piperonyl butoxide (PBO), we showed that exposure to herbicides might prime P450-mediated detoxification of H. armigera against insecticide. Based on these results, we propose that exposure to herbicides primes resistance of H. armigera against insecticide by eliciting a clear elevation of predominantly P450 monooxygenase activities in midgut and fat body.

Monitoring of four major lepidopteran pests in Korean cornfields and management of Helicoverpa armigera

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juil Kim ◽  
Min Kwon ◽  
Ki Jin Park ◽  
Rameswor Maharjanm
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

scholarly journals Exposure to Herbicides Prime P450-Mediated Detoxification of Helicoverpa armigera against Insecticide and Fungal Toxin

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongxiang Sun ◽  
Cuicui Xu ◽  
Shi Chen ◽  
Qi Shi ◽  
Huanhuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Fungal Toxin ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Toxic Plant

With the long-term and large-scale use, herbicides have been well known to influence tritrophic interactions, particularly natural enemies of pests in agro-ecosystems. On the other hand, herbivorous insects, especially the generalist pests, have developed antagonistic interaction to different insecticides, toxic plant secondary metabolites, and even heavy metals. However, whether exposure to herbicides would affect resistance of insects against insecticides is largely unknown, especially in agricultural pests. Here, we first reported that pre-exposure to two widely used herbicides butachlor and haloxyfop-methyl for 48 h can prime the resistance of a generalist agricultural pest Helicoverpa armigera Hübner against insecticide methomyl and fungal toxin aflatoxin B1. In addition, there were no significant differences between control and herbicides-treated caterpillars on weight gain, pupal weight, and pupation rates, suggesting that exposure to herbicides induces resistance of H. armigera accompanied with no fitness cost. Moreover, by determining detoxifying enzyme activities and toxicity bioassay with additional inhibitor of cytochrome P450 piperonyl butoxide (PBO), we showed that exposure to herbicides might prime P450-mediated detoxification of H. armigera against insecticide. Based on these results, we propose that exposure to herbicides prime resistance of H. armigera against insecticide and fungal toxin by eliciting a clear elevation of predominantly P450 monooxygenase activities in the midgut and fat body.

Field Efficiency of Certain Biopesticides and Neem Products Against Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on Chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihad H. Mutlag ◽  
Ameer S. A. Al-Haddad
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis

A field study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of four microbial insecticides viz. Beauveria bassiana; HaNPV (Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis virus); (Bacillus thuringiensisvar.kurstaki 2 gm/L); HaNPV+Bt; neem oil; neem cake and D.D.V.P EC 76% @0.05% at Research Farm SHIATS,Allahabad during rabi season of 2011-2012. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with seven treatment and replicated thrice. The observation larval populations of H. armigera were recorded one day before treatment was recorded at 3,7, and 10 days after treatments. The larva population of H. armigera appeared in the third week of February (8 the Standard week) and reached its peak of 14.65 larvae in first week of April and decline rapidly with maturation of crop. There was only one peak in the larval population observation in the 1st week. Bacillus thuringiensis was the most effective chemical by D.D.V.P.76%@0.05% . Among the microbial insecticides. HaNPV ,was the most effective followed by HaNPV+Bt and neem cake . The combination treatments were less effective than the individual treatment neem oil and B. bassiana were the least effective treatment in reducing the larval population of Heliverpa armigera.

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