scholarly journals The long term participation trend for the colorectal cancer screening after the 2011 triple disaster in Minamisoma City, Fukushima, Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Saito ◽  
Akihiko Ozaki ◽  
Michio Murakami ◽  
Yoshitaka Nishikawa ◽  
Toyoaki Sawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Post Disaster

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) screening is a well-established cancer screening method, and its effectiveness depends on maintaining a high participation rate in the target population. In this study, we analyzed the trends in CRC screening participation rates over 10 years in Minamisoma City, where residents were forced to evacuate after the 2011 triple disaster in Fukushima, Japan. The immunochemical fecal occult blood test is provided as municipal CRC screening. We calculated the annual CRC screening participation rate and analyzed the factors associated with participation in screening. Overall, 4069 (12.3%) and 3839 (11.7%) persons participated in CRC screening in 2009 and 2010, respectively; however, the number decreased significantly to 1090 (3.4%) in 2011 when the earthquake occurred. Over the following 3 years, the rate gradually recovered. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that age < 65 years, living alone, and evacuation were significant associated factors for non-participation after 2011 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the CRC screening participation rate decreased significantly during the Great East Japan Earthquake but recovered over the next 3 years. Further analysis of factors preventing CRC screening participation and research on the long-term effects of its post-disaster decline are important to consider in assessing the need for intervention in post-disaster cancer screening.

scholarly journals Strongly Divergent Impact of Adherence Patterns on Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Screening: The Need to Refine Adherence Statistics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Heisser ◽  
Rafael Cardoso ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Tobias Moellers ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
German Population ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
New Findings

AbstractObjectiveThe performance of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs depends on the adherence to screening offers. However, identical adherence levels may result from varying patterns of the population’s screening behavior. We quantified the effects of different adherence patterns on the long-term performance of CRC screening for annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) and screening colonoscopy at ten-year intervals.DesignUsing a multistate Markov model, we simulated scenarios where, while at the same overall adherence level, a certain proportion of the population adheres to all screening offers (‘selective’ adherence) or the entire population uses the screening offers at some point(s) of time, albeit not in the recommended frequency (‘sporadic’ adherence). Key outcomes for comparison were the numbers of prevented CRC deaths and prevented years of potential life lost (YPLL) after 50 simulated years.ResultsFor screening with annual FIT at adherence levels of 10-50%, ratios of prevented CRC deaths (YPLL) resulting from a sporadic versus a selective pattern ranged from 1.9-5.0 (1.9-5.0) for men and from 1.8-4.1 (1.8-4.3) for women, i.e. up to 4-5 times more CRC deaths and YPLL were prevented when the population followed a sporadic instead of a selective adherence pattern. Comparisons of simulated scenarios for screening colonoscopy revealed similar patterns.ConclusionAt the same overall level of adherence, ‘sporadic’ adherence patterns go along with much larger preventive effects than ‘selective’ adherence patterns. Screening programs should prioritize efforts to reach as many people as possible at least sporadically over efforts to maximize full adherence to repeat screening offers. Adherence statistics should be refined to better reflect ‘effective adherence’.What You Need to KnowBACKGROUND AND CONTEXTThe evidence on long-term effects of different patterns of longitudinal adherence (e.g. consistent or sporadic uptake) to colorectal cancer screening offers is limited.NEW FINDINGSIn a simulated hypothetical German population, at identical overall participation levels, large proportions of the population making sporadic use of screening offers were up to 4-5 times more beneficial to achieve sustained reductions of colorectal cancer mortality than small proportions of the population utilizing screening offers at the recommended frequency.LIMITATIONSThis study is limited by model simplifying assumptions and uncertainties related to input parameters.IMPACTEfforts to increase screening uptake should be concentrated on groups of consistent non-responders, e.g. by low-threshold screening offerings, such as directly mailed stool tests. Adherence statistics should be refined to better reflect “effective adherence”.SHORT SUMMARYThis simulation study demonstrates that commonly used adherence metrics for colorectal cancer screening do not sufficiently cover the effect of varying patterns of longitudinal adherence, which may considerably impact the long-term efficacy of screening programs.

scholarly journals Recognition and Participation of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Turkey: Meta-analysis of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Aydoğan ◽  
S Metintaş ◽  
M F Önsüz
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crc Screening

Abstract Background The aim of the study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies about the proportion of recognition of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy (CS) methods and participation to them in any period of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Turkey. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Turkey Citation Index and YOK Thesis Center databases were screened both in Turkish and English language to identify relevant studies and key words ’colorectal cancer’, ’colon cancer’, ’cancer screening’, ’information’, ’attitude’, ’behavior’, ’awareness’ and ’Turkey’ were. Criteria for inclusion in the analysis were; conducted in Turkey, original and cross-sectional, conducted CRC risky groups (having CRC in the first degree patients and 50 and above age), studies that give the number of participants and number of taking FOBT and CS screening in any period of their lives and/or the number of knowing them. The studies that met the criteria were read as double blind. The data were entered into the Open Meta Analyst demo program. Because of p &lt; 0.001 in the heterogeneity test, random effects model was used in group analysis of the articles. The proportion and 95% confidence interval of knowing and taking FOBT and CS were calculated from the total number of cases. Results A total of 1176 articles were reached in first review. Duplications and inappropriated studies were eliminated, and 52 studies were selected. Eight studies about recognition FOBT, 16 about participation FOBT, 9 about recognition CS and 17 about participation CS were taken in analysis. After analysis it was found that 1315 of 4334 individuals (19.3%, 95%CI:6.6-32.1) recognized to FOBT, 1174 of 6825 individuals (13.2%, 8.0-18.5) participated to FOBT, 2197 of 5728 individuals (31.7%, 18.2-45.2) recognized to CS and 913 of 8860 individuals (10.0%, 8.1-12.0) participated to CS. Conclusions The proportion of recognition and participation to FOBT and CS were found less than expected. Key messages The proportion of recognition and participation CRC screening methods is low in risky groups. Awareness and participation of screening should be increased in risky groups.

General practitioner endorsement of mail-out colorectal cancer screening: The perspective of nonparticipants

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda C Goodwin ◽  
Fiona Crawford-Williams ◽  
Michael J Ireland ◽  
Sonja March
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Bowel Cancer ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
Bowel Cancer Screening

Abstract Despite the health and economic benefits associated with mail-out colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, participation in programs across the world is suboptimal. A letter from the recipient’s general practitioner (GP) endorsing program participation has been shown to have a consistent, but modest, effect on screening uptake; however, the mechanisms by which GP endorsement is effective have not been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the potential utility of GP endorsement letters or SMS in the context of facilitating bowel cancer screening in previous nonparticipants and to identify mechanisms underlying responses. A cross-section of nonparticipants in the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (N = 110) was randomly assigned to view a letter or SMS from a GP endorsing participation via an online survey. Ordinal responses reflecting effectiveness of, and influences on, GP endorsement were collected along with open questions regarding other potential endorsers. Percentages, means, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and compared. Fifty-two percent of the sample agreed that GP endorsement would encourage their future participation. Responses did not differ between SMS and letter formats. Trust in the GP had significantly more influence on response to GP endorsement than the credibility or medical knowledge. Other health professionals and cancer survivors were commonly suggested as alternative sources of endorsement. Interventions to improve CRC screening participation could benefit from the routine implementation of GP endorsement from GPs, other trusted health professionals, or cancer survivors, particularly by encouraging people who forget or procrastinate over collecting a stool sample.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Japan

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Shimbo ◽  
Henry A. Glick ◽  
John M. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood Test ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Fecal Occult

AbstractTo determine the cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening strategies in Japan and to determine the influence of long-term compliance with screening programs on the selection of strategies, the natural history of a simulated cohort of 40-year-old Japanese of both genders was modeled with and without colorectal cancer screening until age 75 years. Survival, number of complications, and direct medical costs were compared among several combinations of screening examinations. In addition, the age of initiating screening was varied, as was the long-term compliance rate. Strategies using immunoiogical fecal occult blood test were found to be the most cost-effective. Immunological fecal occult blood test followed by colonoscopy, if positive, would save 24.05 (5.88 discounted) days of life and cost 28,420 yen (US $210) per screened person, thus offering a cost-effectiveness ratio of 1.765 million yen (US $13,100) per year of life saved. If long-term compliance is 100%, initiating screening at age 40 years offers more years of life saved and a low incremental cost of screening. However, if more likely dropout rates are considered, initiation at age 40 years is dominated by later initiation of screening.

scholarly journals The Roadmap of Colorectal Cancer Screening

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
Enea Ferlizza ◽  
Rossella Solmi ◽  
Michela Sgarzi ◽  
Luigi Ricciardiello ◽  
Mattia Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Fecal Occult ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Improving Accuracy

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common form of cancer in terms of incidence and the second in terms of mortality worldwide. CRC develops over several years, thus highlighting the importance of early diagnosis. National screening programs based on fecal occult blood tests and subsequent colonoscopy have reduced the incidence and mortality, however improvements are needed since the participation rate remains low and the tests present a high number of false positive results. This review provides an overview of the CRC screening globally and the state of the art in approaches aimed at improving accuracy and participation in CRC screening, also considering the need for gender and age differentiation. New fecal tests and biomarkers such as DNA methylation, mutation or integrity, proteins and microRNAs are explored, including recent investigations into fecal microbiota. Liquid biopsy approaches, involving novel biomarkers and panels, such as circulating mRNA, micro- and long-non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and extracellular vesicles are discussed. The approaches reported are based on quantitative PCR methods that could be easily applied to routine screening, or arrays and sequencing assays that should be better exploited to describe and identify candidate biomarkers in blood samples.

scholarly journals Stool DNA Test Targeting Methylated Syndecan-2 (SDC2) as a Noninvasive Screening Method for Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Chih Su ◽  
Wei-Yu Kao ◽  
Tsung-Kun Chang ◽  
Hsiang-Lin Tsai ◽  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Stool Dna ◽  
Healthy Participants

Despite the steadily increasing worldwide incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), an effective noninvasive approach for early detection of CRC is still under investigation. The guaiac-based fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) have gained popularity as noninvasive CRC screening tests owing to their convenience and relatively low costs. However, the FOBT and FIT have limited sensitivity and specificity. To develop a noninvasive tool for the detection of CRC, we investigated the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of a stool DNA test targeting methylated syndecan-2 (SDC2), which is frequently methylated in patients with CRC. This study enrolled 62 patients diagnosed as having stage 0–IV CRC and 76 healthy participants between July 2018 and June 2019 from two institutions. Approximately 4.5g of stool sample was collected from each participant for detection of human methylated SDC2 gene. In total, 48 of 62 (77.4%) patients with CRC showed positive results, whereas 67 out of 76 (88.2%) healthy participants showed negative results. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve constructed was 0.872 for discrimination between patients with CRC and healthy individuals. This study highlights the potential of the fecal methylated SDC2 test as a noninvasive detection method for CRC screening with a relatively favorable sensitivity of 77.4%, a specificity of 88.2% and a positive predictive value of 84.2% compared to other available fecal tests. Further multicenter clinical trials comprising subjects of varied ethnicities are required to validate this test for the mass screening of patients with CRC.

Acceptance of preventive colonoscopy in rural areas in Germany.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16143-e16143
Author(s):  
Joerg Fahlke ◽  
Kai-Stephan Friedrichs ◽  
Sophie Fahlke ◽  
Peter Habermann ◽  
Lorenz Barroso da Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Fear Of Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Screening

e16143 Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Germany. Colonoscopy is certainly one of the most efficient diagnostic methods in preventing and early detection of colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, acceptance of colonoscopy as a useful screening method among the population in Germany is moderate, with around 22% of those entitled to claim. Methods: In order to better assess the reasons for the low level of acceptance, patients who presented themselves from March 2016 to June 2017 in the General Surgery Clinic of the Johanniter Hospital Stendal were randomly selected and interviewed using a questionnaire. These randomized patients did not suffer from colorectal cancer. The questionnaire asked whether the patients had participated in Colon Cancer Screening and if not for what reasons. Respondents were asked to choose among 8 preselected reasons or give their own. The options for not having participated in colorectal cancer screening were: lack of knowledge about the offer of colorectal cancer screening, fear of the examination, fear of cancer as an outcome, lack of time for the examination, didn't get an appointment for the exam, place of examination is too far away, excessive travel costs, examination makes no sense, and other (free text entry). Results: A total of 238 questionnaires were completed, 235 of which could be evaluated with regard to gender and age. The proportion between women and men was balanced (m 123, w 112). Surprisingly, contrary to expectations, significantly more respondents participated in colorectal cancer screening than not. There were no differences between females and males. The participation rate in colorectal cancer screening was 71%, which was significantly higher than expected. A significantly lower rate was found in respondents ages between 55 to 60 years old, with 41% of men and 67% of women having participated in a colorectal screening. Asked specifically about the reasons why they did not take advantage of the preventive medical check-up, the men of the affected age group (55-60 years) gave: fear of the examination, fear of cancer as an outcome, and examination makes no sense. Conclusions: The results underline the importance of determining why the acceptance of colorectal cancer screening has not yet reached the desired level. Considering and discussing these three main reasons show that there are opportunities to continuously increase awareness of the importance of participation rates in colonoscopy as a screening method for colorectal cancer through target public education.

scholarly journals Trends and Predictors for the Uptake of Colon Cancer Screening Using the Fecal Occult Blood Test in Spain from 2011 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6222
Author(s):  
José Javier Zamorano-Leon ◽  
Ana López-de-Andres ◽  
Ana Álvarez-González ◽  
Clara Maestre-Miquel ◽  
Paloma Astasio-Arbiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood Test ◽  
Occult Blood ◽  
Fecal Occult Blood ◽  
Occult Blood Test ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Fecal Occult

Background: In Spain, colorectal cancer screening using the fecal occult blood test, targeted towards the 50–69 age bracket, was implemented on different dates. We aim to assess the temporal trend of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake according to the year of screening implementation in each region and to identify predictors for the uptake of CRC screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 12,657 participants from the Spanish National Health Surveys 2011 and 2017 was used. Uptake rates were analyzed according to the date that the screening program was implemented. Results: For regions with programs implemented before 2011, the uptake rate increased 3.34-fold from 2011 to 2017 (9.8% vs. 32.7%; p < 0.001). For regions that implemented screening within the 2011–2016 period, the uptake rose from 4.3% to 13.2% (3.07-fold; p < 0.001), and for regions that implemented screening after 2016, the uptake increased from 3.4% to 8.8% (2.59-fold; p < 0.001). For the entire Spanish population, the uptake increased 3.21-fold (6.8% vs. 21.8%; p < 0.001). Positive predictors for uptake were older age, Spanish nationality, middle-to-high educational level, suffering chronic diseases, non-smoking and living in regions where screening programs were implemented earlier. Conclusions: The different periods for the implementation of CRC screening as well as sociodemographic and health inequalities may have limited the improvement in the screening uptake from 2011 to 2017 in Spain.

The impact of physician use of electronic medical records on colorectal cancer screening.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (30_suppl) ◽  
pp. 288-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Paula Richardson ◽  
Corinne Daly ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Elisabeth M. Del Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Electronic Medical Records ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Participation ◽  
The Impact

288 Background: The use of electronic medical records (EMR) by primary care physicians (PCP) is promoted as a method to enhance screening rates, however the impact of these systems on screening participation is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine if the use of EMR among a population-based sample of Ontario PCPs affects the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening participation of their patients. Methods: A survey was sent to 1,463 randomly selected PCPs in Ontario regarding adoption of EMR and cancer screening management enabled by EMR. Patients who were treated by PCP survey respondents were identified from administrative health care databases and were included if they were eligible for CRC screening (age 50-74) during the study window (April 1, 2012 – March 31, 2013). We identified patients who were up to date with CRC screening (FOBT within 2 years, flexible sigmoidoscopy within 5 years or colonoscopy within 10 years) as of March 31, 2013. Logistic regression models were created to examine the association between EMR usage and screening participation, adjusted for physician practice model, physician sex, years in practice, patient age patient sex, patient SES, and patient comorbidities using propensity scores. Results: A total of 855 PCPs responded to the survey (58.4% response rate) and 845 could be linked to administrative databases. The patient cohort included 330,441 eligible patients linked to a PCP included in the study. The proportion of patients up to date with CRC screening as of March 31, 2013 was 61.6% (203,720/330,441). After propensity score adjustment, patients were more likely to be up to date with CRC screening if their physician used an EMR (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.04 – 1.29). Conclusions: PCP use of EMR was associated with a small, but measurable increase the likelihood that their patients were up to date with CRC screening. Enhanced use of the EMR might improve the uptake of CRC screening on a population level.

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